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道德与morality之关系辨正

杭州师范大学学报（社会科学版） 2020年第3期42卷 43-50页

作者：秦际明中山大学珠海校区哲学系广东珠海519000

现代伦理学的重要主题是探讨道德的语言用法与规范性蕴含,尤其是在现代中国哲学与中国伦理学中,流行以道德观念为核心来诠释儒家思想。需要注意的是,以汉语词"道德"翻译西文moral或morality存在观念上的龃龉之处。morality意指一个人的... 详细信息

现代伦理学的重要主题是探讨道德的语言用法与规范性蕴含,尤其是在现代中国哲学与中国伦理学中,流行以道德观念为核心来诠释儒家思想。需要注意的是,以汉语词"道德"翻译西文moral或morality存在观念上的龃龉之处。morality意指一个人的行为的正当性与规范性,若以中文术语译之,更恰当的对应是儒家之谓伦常、义或谓道义。汉语"道德"的意涵比伦常或者义要广泛,道德本于天道而成就于人道。先秦诸子皆称道德,儒家以仁义充实之,故后世以仁义道德连用。仁义道德与morality的一致性在于其为行为规范的内涵与价值,但仁义道德尤指君子已经表现出来的品质、能力及其教化百姓、泽被众生的功德,而morality则强调个体意志的自由、自觉选择所产生的行为规范性,含义相对较窄。以道德对译morality,并反过来用作为译名的"道德"来诠释中国哲学与中国伦理学,可谓是中国传统基于现代处境自我调适所产生的反向格义。

关键词： morality 道德道义礼义反向格义

Frugality and Luxury： morality, Market, and Consumption in Late Imperial China

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Frontiers of History in China 2015年第3期10卷 457-485页

作者： Margherita Zanasi Department of History Louisiana State University Baton Rouge LA 70803 USA

This article contributes to a wider critique of the use of European capitalist, patterns of industrialization in studies of the economic history of modern China--studies commonly supposed to be universally valid. This sort of analytical framework denies not only the value of alternative economic models, but also that of Chinese independent economic thought. In this context, the present article argues that most of the intellectual changes of seventeenth-century Europe that led to the formulation of liberal capitalism--resistance to government intervention, support for luxury consumption as well as a new understanding of the market and of the relationship between private interests and morality--had taken place in China more than a century earlier. The background against which the two processes emerged, however, varied significantly, leading to distinctive ramifications. Unprecedented population growth and a widening gap between hinterland and coastal economies led Chinese officials and intellectuals to discard ideas of free market and focus instead on solutions for increasing production, maximizing the circulation of resources, and fighting poverty. It was not, therefore, a lack of a ＂scientific＂ understanding of the economy that led China to turn away from European-style laissez fare, but rather an evaluation of the Empire＇s circumstances, raising questions on whether the European model is indeed universally applicable regardless of local conditions.

关键词： Late-imperial China economic thought market consumption morality Tang Zhen Lu Ji

A Study on the Conflict Between Aestheticism and morality in Oscar Wil de’s Salome

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海外英语 2021年第1期 199-201页

作者：黄紫鑫华东政法大学外语学院

As the only tragedy written by Oscar Wilde,Salome enjoys a unique status among all the works of Wilde.It is the representative work of aestheticism and has faced as many controversies as its author since the day it came out.Through the careful analysis of the conflict revealed both inside the play and outside the play,and based on Aristotle’s tragedy theory to interpret the causes of these conflicts,it can be concluded that the design of the conflict in Salome is in accordance with the tragedy theory.Furthermore,interpreting Salome from the perspective of Aristotle’s theory has attached this play with more intricate meaning and different understanding.

关键词： Salome Oscar Wilde conflict tragedy aestheticism morality

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形上道德之探究

morality should be taught as a compulsory course in higher education

伦理学 2019年第1期 1-7页

作者：郭继民

现实生活中，人们不但对道德与道德现象的分野缺乏辨别，而且对道德的本质缺乏反思。倘若对道德的本质进行追问，那么我们对诸多“道德滑坡”的现象当有深刻的认识。关于道德本质的认识，康德的看法仍然具有启发性。道德本质上乃是自由... 详细信息

现实生活中，人们不但对道德与道德现象的分野缺乏辨别，而且对道德的本质缺乏反思。倘若对道德的本质进行追问，那么我们对诸多“道德滑坡”的现象当有深刻的认识。关于道德本质的认识，康德的看法仍然具有启发性。道德本质上乃是自由的、超验的，某种程度上可以说，自由乃道德前提，超验乃道德的绝对来源；就表现形式而言，道德总以牺牲的样式表现出来。现实社会尤需理性的启蒙和道德感的激发。

关键词：道德自由超验牺牲启蒙 morality freedom transcendental sacrifice enlightening

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科技信息 2014年第10期 211-212,235页

作者：武星上海大学

From the tragedy of campus shooting in United States to animal tortures of Chinese college student,the morality and the effect it can have on the young people is arresting all the time.There are several aims which participants in the higher educational process.They may demonstrate as the aims about which they are concerned.Such aims,sometimes,may be referred to not as they were particular aims in the educational process but the proper aims of higher education itself.The aims of higher education may vary.It may be claimed that the aim of higher education is to develop the potential of all individuals or to education is to develop the potential of all individuals or to educate the whole man.So how do we understand the education of the"whole man"?It is obviously a phrase which can easily catch eyeballs.I think that it includes the concept which various aspects of human nature must be cultivated for,intellectual and imaginative,rational and emotional,or as it sometimes expressed,physical,mental,moral and spiritual.Someone argues that morality plays an important role in shaping lives and values of children,but not adults.In this paper,the author will discuss whether morality should be taught in college.

关键词： morality higher education cultivate responsibility

The Significance of Wang Yangming＇s Theory of the ＇Unity of Knowledge and Action＇ in Constructing morality

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孔学堂 2016年第4期3卷 63-71页

作者： Pan Hsiao-huei Philosophy of Fu Jen Catholic University in Taiwan

Wang Yangming disagreed with the Cheng-Zhu School＇s idea of knowledge before action and instead proposed the theory of the unity of knowledge and action. By answering three questions--why did Wang come up with such theory, what is knowledge and what is action, and what is the unity of knowledge and action--this article will conclude that Wang＇s theory significantly affects our understanding of how to construct morality. First, it denies that the heart can hide any trace of non-good, and thus assures the goodness of the motivation of moral practice. Second, on a theoretical level, it refutes the possible obstacles to moral practice suggested by the ideas to know is easy while to act is difficult and knowledge before action. Wang emphasizes the inevitable unity of moral action, practice, and moral knowledge, and thus deepens the Confucian ethical theory that has always put more emphasis on practice.

关键词： Wang Yangming, unity of knowledge and action, Neo-Confucian, morality

Aestheticism and morality in The Importance of Being Earnest

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海外英语 2020年第8期 243-244页

作者：夏钰雯 Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210046China

The Importance of Being Earnest is a comedy of manners set in the Victorian age. During this period, the rapid develop-ment of science and technology made people ignore the spiritual pursuit and leads to a society full of hypocrisy. In this comedy, Os-car Wilde satirizes the hypocrisy and repression of the Victorian morality under the veil of the aestheticism.

关键词： Victorian age morality aestheticism

创造性与道德的正向关联：来自认知神经科学的研究证据

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心理学

心理学 2014年第11期 104-115页

作者：刘昌沈汪兵罗劲

创造性与道德的关系问题不仅是心理学中尚未解决的基本问题，而且也是现代社会需要面对的现实难题。研究首次采用认知神经科学方法对创造性与道德的关系问题进行了实证研究，采用道德词汇分类任务将被试分为高道德组(高德组)和低道德组... 详细信息

创造性与道德的关系问题不仅是心理学中尚未解决的基本问题，而且也是现代社会需要面对的现实难题。研究首次采用认知神经科学方法对创造性与道德的关系问题进行了实证研究，采用道德词汇分类任务将被试分为高道德组(高德组)和低道德组(低德组)，并在控制智力、自尊以及记忆等干扰效应的基础上，借助脑事件相关电位技术记录了被试在解决顿悟字谜任务时的脑电活动。结果发现，高、低道德组被试在解决表征创造性思维的字谜任务时均表现出相似的脑电波形，但高德组被试较之低德组被试采用顿悟方式解决的字谜在200～360ms在额叶的广泛区域诱发了更低的脑电波幅。根据创造性的前额叶低激活理论，研究结果表明高道德组在解决创造性思维任务时表现出更高的创造性，也就是说，高道德意味着高创造性。

关键词：创造性道德认知神经科学脑事件相关电位 creativity morality cognitive neuroscience ERPs

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道德概念的应然发展