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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2013年第4期3卷 235-240页

作者： Jin-Feng Zhang Chun-Jie Sha Yu Sun Yun-Yun Gai Ji-Ye Sun Jiang-Bin Han Xin Shao Chun-Na Sha You-Xin Li Wan-Hui Liu School of Pharmacy Yantai University State Key Laboratory of Long-acting and Targeting Drug Delivery System Shandong Luye Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd. State Key Laboratory of Long-acting and Targeting Drug Delivery System Shandong Luye Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. Rushan People's Hospital

A highly sensitive ultra-high-performance liquid chromatographic-tandem mass spectro- metry （UPLC/MS/MS） method was developed for the quantification of the synthetic peptide drug of exenatide in monkey plasma. Sample preparation was carried out by solid-phase extraction （SPE）, and bivalirudin was used as the internal standard （IS）. An excellent chromatographic separation was obtained on a reversed-phase C1s column with a gradient elution. Detection utilized a Qtrap 5500 system operated in the positive ion mode with multiple reaction monitoring （MRM）. The proposed method was validated by assessing the specificity, linearity, intra- and inter-day precision and accuracy, recovery, and stability. The method resulted in a linear calibration range of 0.10-30 ng/mL, extracting with only 50 μL monkey plasma aliquots. The intra- and inter-day precisions （as relative standard deviation） were less than 7.5% and 9.6%, respectively. The methodcould be successfully utilized for the pharrnacokinetic study of exenatide in monkeys following a single subcutaneous injection of Byetta.

关键词： Exenatide UPLC/MS/MS Pharmacokineties Plasma monkey

Decoding effects of psychoactive drugs in a high-dimensional space of eye movements in monkeys

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National Science Review 2023年第11期10卷 20-33页

作者： Xu Liu Zhixian Cheng He Lin Jiangxiu Tan Wenyao Chen Yichuan Bao Ying Liu Lei Zhong Yitian Yao Liping Wang Jijun Wang Yong Gu Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders Shanghai Mental Health CenterShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Lingang Laboratory The Third Research Institute of Ministry of Public Security CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology Institute of NeuroscienceChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Psychology and Behavioral Science Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Oculomotor behavior has been shown to be correlated with mental disorders in clinics, making it promising for disease diagnosis. Here we developed a thorough oculomotor test toolkit, involving saccade, smooth pursuit, and fixation, allowing the examination of multiple oculomotor parameters in monkey models induced by psychoactive drugs. Eye movements were recorded after daily injections of phencyclidine(PCP)(3.0 mg/kg), ketamine(0.8 mg/kg) or controlled saline in two macaque monkeys. Both drugs led to robust reduction in accuracy and increment in reaction time during high cognitive-demanding tasks. Saccades,smooth pursuit, and fixation stability were also significantly impaired. During fixation, the involuntary microsaccades exhibited increased amplitudes and were biased toward the lower visual field. Pupillary response was reduced during cognitive tasks. Both drugs also increased sensitivity to auditory cues as reflected in auditory evoked potentials(AEPs). Thus, our animal model induced by psychoactive drugs produced largely similar abnormalities to that in patients with schizophrenia. Importantly, a classifier based on dimension reduction and machine learning could reliably identify altered states induced by different drugs(PCP, ketamine and saline, accuracy = 93%). The high performance of the classifier was reserved even when data from one monkey were used for training and testing the other subject(averaged classification accuracy = 90%). Thus, despite heterogeneity in baseline oculomotor behavior between the two monkeys, our model allows data transferability across individuals, which could be beneficial for future evaluation of pharmaceutical or physical therapy validity.

关键词： oculomotor monkey schizophrenia phencyclidine ketamine auditory evoked potential

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monkey

满族文学 2013年第3期 12-18页

作者：陈再见

后来我一直想,一个人的长相如果太独特的话,是不是就决定他会和别人不一样?或者,会有一个出乎意料的结局?他就像只猴子,他其实也挺高,又瘦,就像那种长臂的可以在树林间荡来荡去的猴子.我当初的第一印象是这样.那时我刚上初中一年级,对... 详细信息

后来我一直想,一个人的长相如果太独特的话,是不是就决定他会和别人不一样?或者,会有一个出乎意料的结局?他就像只猴子,他其实也挺高,又瘦,就像那种长臂的可以在树林间荡来荡去的猴子.我当初的第一印象是这样.那时我刚上初中一年级,对别的课本没啥兴趣,那本红色封面的英语却翻了又翻,老师新教的一个词,monkey,猴子的意思.我竟有恍然大悟之感,像是一个词终于找到了它的用处,他不就是猴子嘛,他正好就是monkey.于是,他再次出现在我家时,我就唤他monkey了,而他只能朝我笑,他根本不知道我在说他什么.我的乐趣正源于此.

关键词： monkey

Probing the processing of facial expressions in monkeys via time perception and eye tracking

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动物学研究(英文) 2023年第5期44卷 882-893页

作者： Xin-He Liu Lu Gan Zhi-Ting Zhang Pan-Ke Yu Ji Dai Shenzhen Technological Research Center for Primate Translational Medicine Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain ScienceShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong 518055China CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation Brain Cognition and Brain Disease InstituteShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong 518055China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behavior Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong 518055China Research Center for Medical Artificial Intelligence Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong 518055China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Accurately recognizing facial expressions is essential for effective social interactions.Non-human primates(NHPs)are widely used in the study of the neural mechanisms underpinning facial expression processing,yet it remains unclear how well monkeys can recognize the facial expressions of other species such as humans.In this study,we systematically investigated how monkeys process the facial expressions of conspecifics and humans using eye-tracking technology and sophisticated behavioral tasks,namely the temporal discrimination task(TDT)and face scan task(FST).We found that monkeys showed prolonged subjective time perception in response to Negative facial expressions in monkeys while showing longer reaction time to Negative facial expressions in humans.monkey faces also reliably induced divergent pupil contraction in response to different expressions,while human faces and scrambled monkey faces did not.Furthermore,viewing patterns in the FST indicated that monkeys only showed bias toward emotional expressions upon observing monkey faces.Finally,masking the eye region marginally decreased the viewing duration for monkey faces but not for human faces.By probing facial expression processing in monkeys,our study demonstrates that monkeys are more sensitive to the facial expressions of conspecifics than those of humans,thus shedding new light on inter-species communication through facial expressions between NHPs and humans.

关键词： monkey Facial expression Time perception Eye-tracking Pupil size

Repairing whole facial nerve defects with xenogeneic acellular nerve grafts in rhesus monkeys

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第5期17卷 1131-1137页

作者： Guo-Chen Zhu Da-Jiang Xiao Bi-Wen Zhu Yan Xiao Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Affiliated Wuxi No.2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxiJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Affiliated Wuxi Clinical College of Nantong UniversityWuxiJiangsu ProvinceChina College of Animal Science&Technology Zhongkai University of Agriculture and EngineeringGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of Pathology Affiliated Wuxi No.2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxiJiangsu ProvinceChina

Acellular nerve allografts conducted via chemical extraction have achieved satisfactory results in bridging whole facial nerve defects clinically,both in terms of branching a single trunk and in connecting multiple branches of an extratemporal segment.However,in the clinical treatment of facial nerve defects,allogeneic donors are limited.In this experiment,we exposed the left trunk and multiple branches of the extratemporal segment in six rhesus monkeys and dissected a gap of 25 mm to construct a monkey model of a whole left nerve defect.Six monkeys were randomly assigned to an autograft group or a xenogeneic acellular nerve graft group.In the autograft group,the 25-mm whole facial nerve defect was immediately bridged using an autogenous ipsilateral great auricular nerve,and in the xenogeneic acellular nerve graft group,this was done using a xenogeneic acellular nerve graft with trunk-branches.Examinations of facial symmetry,nerve-muscle electrophysiology,retrograde transport of labeled neuronal tracers,and morphology of the regenerated nerve and target muscle at 8 months postoperatively showed that the faces of the monkey appeared to be symmetrical in the static state and slightly asymmetrical during facial movement,and that they could actively close their eyelids completely.The degree of recovery from facial paralysis reached House-Brackmann grade II in both groups.Compound muscle action potentials were recorded and orbicularis oris muscles responded to electro-stimuli on the surgical side in each monkey.Fluoro Gold-labeled neurons could be detected in the facial nuclei on the injured side.Immunohistochemical staining showed abundant neurofilament-200-positive axons and soluble protein-100-positive Schwann cells in the regenerated nerves.A large number of mid-graft myelinated axons were observed via methylene blue staining and a transmission electron microscope.Taken together,our data indicate that xenogeneic acellular nerve grafts from minipigs are safe and effective for repairing whole facial nerve defects in

关键词： acellular nerve compound muscle action potentials facial nerve defect facial symmetry monkey nerve graft nerve regeneration retrograde labeling test synaptophysin xenogeneic

Oocyte Maturation and Fertilization in vitro in Rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta)

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1993年第13期38卷 1125-1128页

作者：季维智陈建春杨上川邹如金商恩缘保海仙 Joint Laboratory of Primatology Kunming Institute of Zoology Academia Sinica and Yunnan National Primate Center of China Kunming 650223 PRC

It is not clear how oocyte maturation, embryo development and differentiation are regulated, though they are critical to the mechanism of reproduction, in vitro fertilization has been greatly successful in domestic animals and human since the ability of immature mammalian oocytes of undergoing maturation in vitro was first demonstrated by Pincus and Enzmann. Although human in vitro fertilization has experienced immense popularity and more than 5000 test-tube babies have been born to date, serious legal and

关键词： rhesus monkey oocyte in vitro fertilization.

DISTRIBUTION OF PARVALBUMIN, CALBINDIN-D28 AND CALRETININ IMMUNOREACTIVE NEURONS AND FIBERS IN THE monkey BASAL GANGLIA

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2002年第1期14卷 1-8页

作者：刘健张巧俊 Department of Neurology Second Hosp. of Xi'an Jiaotong Univ. Xi' an 710004 China

Objective To investigate the cellular localization of parvalbumin (PV), calbindin-D28k (CB) and calretinin (CR) in the monkey basal ganglia.Methods Immunocytochemical technique was used to detect PV,CB and CR immunoreactivity in the basal ganglia. Results In the striatum, CB labeled medium-sized spiny projection neurons whereas PV and CR marked two separate classes of aspiny interneurons. The striatal matrix compartment was markedly enriched with CB while striatal patches displayed a CR-rich neuropil. In the pallidum, virtually all neurons contained PV but none express CB. CR occured only in a small subpopulation of large and small pallidal neurons. In the subthalamic nucleus, there existed a multitude of PV-positive cells and fibers but the number of CR and CB-positive neuronal elements was small. In the substantia nigra / ventral tegmental area complex, CB and CR occured principally in dopaminergic neurons of the dorsal tier of the pars compacta and in those of the ventral tegmental area. PV was strickly confined to the GABAergic neurons of the pars reticular and lateralis. CB-rich fibers abounded in the pars reticular and lateralis, while CR-positive axons were confined to the pars compacta. Conclusion CB and PV were distributed according to a strikingly complementary pattern in primate basal ganglia, and the use of CB and PV immunocytochemistry may be considered as an excellent tool to define distinct chemoarchitectonic and functional domains within the complex organization of the basal ganglia. CR was less ubiquitous but occured in small basal ganglia components where it labeled distinct subsets of neurons. Such highly specific patterns of distribution indicate that CB, PV and CR may work in synery within primate basal ganglia.

关键词： calcium-binding proteins basal ganglia monkey

Crystal structure of monkeypox H1 phosphatase,an antiviral drug target

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Protein & Cell 2023年第6期14卷 469-472页

作者： Wen Cui Haojun Huang Yinkai Duan Zhi Luo Haofeng Wang Tenan Zhang Henry C Nguyen Wei Shen Dan Su Xi Li Xiaoyun Ji Haitao Yang Wei Wang Institute of Life Sciences Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies and School of Life Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center West China HospitalSichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of BiotherapyChengdu 610064China State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical SciencesSchool of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Shanghai Clinical Research and Trial Center Shanghai 201210China Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine Tianjin 300450China

Dear Editor,Since its appearance in May 2022,monkeypox has spread to>100 countries and afflicted tens of thousands of people.Individuals infected with monkeypox present a fever,an extensive characteristic rash,and usually swollen lymph nodes(Chatterjee et al.,2022).The number of confirmed cases worldwide continues to grow at a rapid rate,but the treatment to this highly infectious viral disease is still very limited.Identification of new targeted-therapies will be crucial to control of this emerging public health threat.

关键词： monkey Crystal

Immunization of mice with vaccinia virus Tiantan strain yields antibodies cross-reactive with protective antigens of monkeypox virus

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Virologica Sinica 2023年第1期38卷 162-164页

作者： Lei Yang Yingshan Chen Sha Li Yuan Zhou Yongli Zhang Rongjuan Pei Xinwen Chen Yun Wang State Key Laboratory of Virology Center for Biosafety Mega-ScienceWuhan Institute of VirologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China Innovation Center for Pathogen Research Guangzhou LaboratoryGuangzhou510320China

Dear Editor,Since the global eradication of smallpox in the 1980s,monkeypox has become the most severe infectious disease caused by pathogenic orthopoxvirus(OPXV)infection.monkeypox virus(MPXV)is the causative pathogen of monkeypox and was classified as a category of human infectious pathogen by theMinistry of Health of the People's Republic ofChina in 2006.monkeypox has traditionally been endemic in West and Central Africa since it was discovered nearly 70 years ago(Breman et al.,1980).However,beginning in early May 2022,a sudden outbreak of monkeypox has taken place and remains ongoing in more than 100 nonendemic countries and territories located at Europe,Americas,and Asia(https://worldhealthorg.***.io/mpx_global/).

关键词： protective traditionally monkey

Cross-species single-cell transcriptomic analysis reveals divergence of cell composition and functions in mammalian ileum epithelium

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Cell Regeneration 2022年第1期11卷 172-187页

作者： Haonan Li Xiaodan Wang Yalong Wang Mengxian Zhang Fan Hong Hong Wang Along Cui Jianguo Zhao Weizhi Ji Ye-Guang Chen The State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life SciencesSchool of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou Science ParkGuangzhou 510530China Guangzhou Laboratory Guangzhou 510005China State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research Institute of Primate Translational MedicineKunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650500YunnanChina State Key Laboratory of Stem cell and Reproductive Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Animal models are widely used for biomedical studies and drug evaluation.The small intestine plays key roles in nutrient absorption,hormone secretion,microbiota defense and drug absorption and metabolism.Although the intestinal structure of mammals is conserved,the differences on epithelial cell composition,functional assignments and drug absorption among mammals are largely unknown.Here,cross-species analysis of single-cell transcriptomic atlas of the ileum epithelium from mouse,rat,pig,macaque and human reveals the conserved and differential cell types and functions among species,identifies a new CA7+cell type in pig,macaque and human ileum,uncovers the distinct expression pattern in enterocytes,enteroendocrine cells and Paneth cells,and defines the conserved and species-specific intestinal stem cell signature genes.The examination of drug absorption across species suggests that drug metabolism in mouse ileum is closer to human while drug transport in macaque ileum is more similar to human.Together,our data provide the comprehensive information about cell composition and functional assignments in five species,and offer the valuable guidance for animal model selection and drug testing.

关键词： scRNA-seq Transcriptome Ileum monkey Pig Rat CA7 cells