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Crustal motion of Chinese mainland monitored by GPS

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Science China Earth Sciences 2000年第4期43卷 394-400页

作者：朱文耀王小亚程宗颐熊永清张强叶叔华马宗晋陈俊勇许厚泽魏子卿赖锡安刘经南金标仁任金卫王琪 Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200030 China Institute of Geology State Seismological Bureau Beijing 100029 China National Bureau of Surveying and Mapping Beijing 100830 China Wuhan Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430077 China Xi'an Institute of Surveying and Mapping Xi'an 710054 China Institute of Seismology State Seismological Bureau Wuhan 430071 China Wuhan Technical University of Surveying ang Mapping Wuhan 430070 China

: To measure and monitor the crustal motion in China, a GPS network has been established with an average side length of 1 000 km and with more than 20 points on the margins of each major tectonic block and fault zone in China. Three campaigns were carried out in 1992,1994 and 1996, respectively by this network. Here we present, for the first time, the horizontal displacement rates of 22 GPS monitoring.stations distributed over the whole China and global IGS stations surrounding China, based on these GPS repeated measurements. From these results by GPS, we have obtained the sketch of crustal motion in China.

关键词： crustal motion in China GPS monitoring.

New solid state phosphate sensitive electrodes for routine environmental monitoring

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2012年第4期2卷 128-131页

作者： Fikru Tafesse Chemistry department University of South Africa UNISA Pretoria South Africa

Highly selective and sensitive phosphate sensors have been fabricated by constructing a solid membrane disk consisting of variable mixtures of aluminium powder (Al), aluminium phosphate (AlPO4) and powdered copper (Cu). Both binary and ternary electrode systems are produced. The ternary membranes exhibit greater selectivity over a wide range of concentrations. The ternary electrode with the composition 25% AlPO4, 25% Cu and 50% Al was selected as our preferred electrode. The newly fabricated ternary membrane phosphate selective electrodes exhibited linear potential response in the concentration range of 1.0?×?10?1 to 1.0?×?10?6?mol?L?1. The electrodes also exhibit a fast response time of <60?s. Their detection limit is lower than 1.0?×?10?6?mol?L?1. The unique feature of the described electrodes is their ability to maintain a steady and reproducible response in the absence of an ionic strength control. The electrodes have a long lifetime and can be stored in air when not in use.

关键词： Phosphate selective electrodes selectivity coefficient ionic strength inorganic phosphate environmental monitoring.

Development of Sensor Oriented Dynamic Rotor Model as the Basis of Machine Diagnostics

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Journal of Mechanics Engineering and Automation 2011年第5期1卷 351-356页

作者： Ranko Antunovic Faculty of Mechanical Engineering The University of East Sarajevo Vuka Karadzica 30 Istocno Sarajevo B i H

Today, digital signal processing based on new microprocessor technology allows for successful machine protection and is acceptably cost-effective. Furthermore, by means of vibration-diagnostics monitoring.of machines assisted by analytical methods it is possible to monitor and quantify dynamic parameters of a machine. By means of the analysis of dynamic behavior of rotor, it is possible to diagnose and solve the defects relating to rotor and other parts of machine. Recently, vibrations analysis and monitoring.have become the most widespread method of machine diagnostics. Detection, identification and elimination of problems related to machine work can be simplified by modeling some dynamics solutions. The paper presents a mathematical model of elastic rotor with concentrated weight designed for the purpose of detecting defects with the help of vibrations measured by sensors based in bearings. Experimental results from test tables of the world＇s leading company, Bentley Nevada Co. USA, were used as the basis for development of this model. Accordingly, mathematical model for most of the cases was based on radial oscillation of rotor while torsion oscillations were used as the basis in some cases. Torsion vibrations cannot be detected without special sensors even at their highest magnitudes. Reliability of this model and accuracy of vibrodiagnostic analysis has been experimentally confirmed when applied on machines in operation.

关键词： Rotors dynamics modeling vibrations vibrodiagnosis monitoring.

Estimation Method of Center of Inertia Frequency Based on Phasor Measurement Data

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2012年第3期6卷 434-445页

作者： Takuhei Hashiguchi Masayuki Watanabe Tadahiro Goda Yasunori Mitani Osamu Saeki Masahide Hojo Hiroyuki Ukai Graduate School of Information Science and Electrical Engineering Kyushu University Fukuoka 812-0383 Japan Faculty of Engineering Kyushu Institute of Technology Fukuoka 804-8550 Japan Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University Osaka 565-0871 Japan Faculty of Engineering The University of Tokushima Tokushima 770-8506 Japan Faculty of Engineering Nagoya Institute of Technology Aichi 466-8555 Japan

In the world, recent increased disturbances, congestion management problems, and increases of complexity in operating power systems have brought the need for integrations and improvements of power systems. Advanced applications in WAMPAC （wide area monitoring. protection, and control） systems provide a cost effective solution to improve system planning, operation, maintenance, and energy trading. Synchronized measurement technology and the application are an important element of WAMPAC. In addition, PMUs （phasor measurement units） are the most accurate and advanced time-synchronized technology available for WAMPAC application. Therefore, the original measurement system of PMUs has been constructed in Japan. This paper describes the estimation method of a center of inertia frequency by applying actual measurement data. The application of this method enables us to extract power system oscillations from measurement data appropriately. Moreover, this proposed method will help to the clarification of power system dynamics and this application will make it possible to realize the monitoring.of power system oscillations associated with the power system stability.

关键词： Phasor measurement unit power system oscillations signal processing center of inertia frequency monitoring.

Research and Development of Condensate Water Fined Processing Control System Based on FCS

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2015年第7期9卷 673-678页

作者： Cheng Bei Department of Automation Anhui Electrical Engineering Professional Technique College Hefei 230051 China

This paper briefly states the features and advantages of FCS （fieldbus control system）. In view of condensate water fined processing system of domestic 600 MW supercritical coal-fired generating units, it designed and developed a FCS for entirely process control, designed computer monitoring.software and organized network monitor the change of data. At the same time, making the simulation device of the system, the FCS control system scheme is implemented on this device. It is verified by practice that the system control technology is advanced, safe, reliable and operation well. It provides a complete project for automation technology upgrade program in power plant. In addition, this device can be used in the power industry technical personnel training and teaching of colleges and universities. It is worth promotion and reference.

关键词： FCS sequential function chart programmable control monitoring.

Current State of High 120 m Concrete Dam Bratsk Hydroelectric Power Plant

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2017年第3期11卷 222-231页

作者： Mark A. Sadovich Tatyana F. Shlyakhtina Sofia M. Ginzburg Alexander M. Yudelevich Department of Civil Engineering Bratsk State University Bratsk 665709 Russia Department of Concrete and Reinforced Concrete Structure Vedeneev VNIIG St.Petersburg 195220 Russia

The research object was high 120 m concrete gravity dam of the Angara Bratsk hydroelectric power plant. The state of the concrete dam is estimated based on the results of continuous supervision performed by site personnel as well as periodic monitoring. According to the classification of the interrelations in the system ＂concrete-environment＂, there were selected some important parts of dams and a comprehensive analysis of concrete was executed on these parts. Concerning the complex research of concrete, a combination of full-scale tests with core-sampling has been proposed. Core samples tests had an object to study the deep concrete layers and to determine the specific indicators such as strength, density, porosity, comparative diameter of capillary pores, CaO content in cement stone and others. Obtained findings and recommended criteria can be applied when selecting technologies for constructing dams that guarantee their durability in the north.

关键词： Concrete gravity dam hydroelectric power plant monitoring.

BENIMPACT Suite： A Tool for ZEB Performance Assessment

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2013年第2期7卷 185-196页

作者： Silvia Dematte Maria Cristina Grillo Angelo Messina Antonio Frattari EnginSoft SPA Trento 38123 Italy Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Trento Trento 38123 Italy

In the last years, there has been a big development of European policies and regulations on energy saving topics. This is due to the will to reach the targets of 20-20-20. Buildings consume a lot of energy, so the legal framework related to the reduction of energy consumption in this sector has had a huge evolution. The ＂NZEB （nearly zero energy building）＂ concept was introduced in 2010, eight years after the release of the original EPBD （energy performance of buildings directive）. By 2020, all new buildings and buildings that are subject to renovation should have very low energy consumption, covered for the major part by renewable sources. Designing and realizing this kind of building is a very ambitious task, which needs to be supported by appropriate tools and software. This paper presents a new tool for assessing building performance, named BENIMPACT Suite （building＇s environmental impact evaluator and optimizer）, which is developed by EnginSoft （Italy）. The suite is organized in different core modules that allow to verify how the building performance level is influenced by different design choices, such as envelope shape and materials, plant systems, renewable sources use, etc.. One of the test cases used to validate the BENIMPACT Suite energy performance is the evaluation of an interesting Italian ZEB, finished in 2010 and called CasaZeroEnergy. It is located in Felettano （Udine）, a small town in northeastern Italy. This building is an experimental house designed and monitored by the Laboratory of Building Design of the University of Trento （Italy） and built by Polo Le Ville Plus Group （Cassacco-ltaly）. The energy performance of this building was modelled and evaluated using BENIMPACT Suite, and simulation results were compared with monitored data.

关键词： NZEB suite building performance validation monitoring.

Risk-Mitigation for Antimicrobial Resistance in Danish Swine Herds at a National Level

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2012年第3期2卷 412-416页

作者： Margit Andreasen Lis Alban Jan Dahl Anette Cleveland Nielsen Danish Agriculture ＆ Food Council Copenhagen V 1609 Denmark Danish Veterinary ＆ Food Administration Soeborg 2860 Denmark

In Denmark, actions to mitigate the risk related to antimicrobial resistance have been put in place continuously. Due to an increase in the consumption of antimicrobials in the Danish pig production further actions were implemented in July 2010. These were： a voluntary ban on use of cephalosporin in Danish swine herds for a 2-year period and a so-called Yellow Card scheme from the DVFA （Danish Veterinary and Food Administration）. Farmers with the highest use of antibiotics receive a Yellow Card. In 2010, approximately 10% of Danish herds were above the Yellow Card threshold value. The consumption of antimicrobials in pigs is evaluated as ADD （animal daily doses） per 100 animals over the last 9 months （by age group）. Current permit limits for a Yellow Card in ADD/100 animal days are 5.2 （sows and piglets）, 28 （weaners）, and 8 （finishers）. In July 2010, farmers with an antimicrobial use close to these limits were warned by the DVFA, that unless actions were taken to reduce their antimicrobial use, they would receive a Yellow Card in December 2010. The means are, for instance, restrictions on oral medication usage and supervision from the authorities to which most expenses are to be covered by the farmer. The warning resulted in a decrease in the national consumption to pigs of 12.5% during the last half-year of 2010 compared to the same half-year in 2009. This decrease continued into 2011 where the consumption in January-February was 24.5% lower than for January-February 2010.

关键词： Antimicrobials resistance intervention risk mitigation pig production monitoring.

Delineation of Groundwater and Soil Contamination Using EM Survey at an Industrial Abandoned Site

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering 2011年第5期5卷 545-549页

作者： S.H. Zhang X. Wang College of Resource and Environment Engineering Liaoning Technical University Fuxin 123000 China

It is important to evaluate and monitor the environmental impacts by the activity in our hand with appropriate methods, and the geophysical techniques have often been used in the subsurface environmental monitoring.and remediation processes. In the study an electromagnetic survey （EM） is performed to delineate deeply the extent of contamination at an industrial abandoned site, to detect the spread of groundwater and soil contamination, to locate possible pathways of leachate plumes. Based on the analysis of the geophysical anomaly of electrical conductivity, the survey area is delineated into three zones： original zone, transitional zone and contaminated zone. It was inferred that the high conductivity zones correspond to the contaminated zones of groundwater and soil. The survey demonstrates that EM method has the ability to measure small changes in subsurface properties involving ground water and is sensitive to the conductive layers. The measurement shows the behavior of groundwater and soil contamination and the position of groundwater pipelines, and it is beneficial to help waste management processes and to determine possible locations of monitoring.wells so as to monitor the environment in the survey area in the future.

关键词： Electromagnetic survey pollution ground water monitoring.