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Chemical Approaches to Emerging Advancements in Deformable Bioelectronics:Synthesis,Device Concepts,Performance,and Applications

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第1期6卷 11-26页

作者： Jj Abu-Halimah Aman Majmudar Bozhi Tian Department of Chemistry University of ChicagoChicagoIllinois 60637 The James Franck Institute University of ChicagoChicagoIllinois 60637 The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics University of ChicagoChicagoIllinois 60637

This mini review examines the current advances and future prospects of chemical approaches in deformable bioelectronics,emphasizing their transformative potential in healthcare and other sectors.The mini review outlines novel fabrication strategies that rely on chemical principles to create adaptable,comfortable,and durable bioelectronic devices that are capable of seamlessly integrating into the dynamic biological environment.The discussion also extends to the integration of innovative device concepts that enhance the outcomes in both sensing and modulation functionalities.Performance-enhancing strategies that use chemistry to refine the sensitivity and precision of these devices are also highlighted.Moreover,the mini review explores the emerging applications of chemically enhanced bioelectronic devices in healthcare,reflecting the potential of this field to revolutionize patient care and improve health monitoring.In the outlook section,this mini review investigates the promising future of transient and living bioelectronics,emphasizing the pivotal role of chemical approaches in their development.It additionally covers the potential of chemical techniques in powering bioelectronic devices using biological systems and discusses the prospective applications of chemically synthesized bioelectronic devices outside of healthcare.While the field has made substantial progress,this mini review also identifies challenges that must be addressed,thus underlining the necessity for continued research and chemical innovation in bioelectronics.

关键词： deformable bioelectronics hydrogels biointerfaces sensing modulation semiconductors cells and tissues

Coordinated Capacitor Voltage Balancing Method for Cascaded H-bridge Inverter with Supercapacitor and DC-DC Stage

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CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems 2024年第2期8卷 191-201页

作者： Ye Zhang Zixin Li Fanqiang Gao Cong Zhao Yaohua Li Key Laboratory of High Density Electromagnetic Power and Systems (Chinese Academy of Sciences) Institute of Electrical Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Haidian District University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shijingshan District

Cascaded H-bridge inverter(CHBI) with supercapacitors(SCs) and dc-dc stage shows significant promise for medium to high voltage energy storage applications. This paper investigates the voltage balance of capacitors within the CHBI, including both the dc-link capacitors and SCs. Balance control over the dc-link capacitor voltages is realized by the dcdc stage in each submodule(SM), while a hybrid modulation strategy(HMS) is implemented in the H-bridge to balance the SC voltages among the SMs. Meanwhile, the dc-link voltage fluctuations are analyzed under the HMS. A virtual voltage variable is introduced to coordinate the balancing of dc-link capacitor voltages and SC voltages. Compared to the balancing method that solely considers the SC voltages, the presented method reduces the dc-link voltage fluctuations without affecting the voltage balance of SCs. Finally, both simulation and experimental results verify the effectiveness of the presented method.

关键词： Capacitors Voltage control Fluctuations Voltage fluctuations Pulse width modulation Sorting modulation

modulation of macrophage polarization by iron-based nanoparticles

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Medical Review 2023年第2期3卷 105-122页

作者： He Ding Yuxin Zhang Yu Mao Yan Li Yan Shen Jingyi Sheng Ning Gu Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices School of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices School of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210009Jiangsu ProvinceChina Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices School of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210009JiangsuChina Medical School Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093Jiangsu ProvinceChina

Macrophage polarization is an essential process involved in immune regulation.In response to different microenvironmental stimulation,macrophages polarize into cells with different phenotypes and functions,most typically M1(pro-inflammatory)and M2(anti-inflammatory)macrophages.Iron-based nanoparticles have been widely explored and reported to regulatemacrophage polarization for various biomedical applications.However,the influence factors and modulation mechanisms behind are complicated and not clear.In this review,we systemically summarized different iron-based nanoparticles that regulate macrophage polarization and function and discussed the influence factors and mechanisms underlying the modulation process.This review aims to deepen the understanding of the modulation of macrophage polarization by iron-based nanoparticles and expects to provide evidence and guidance for subsequent design and application of iron-based nanoparticles with specific macrophage modulation functions.

关键词： influence factors iron-based nanoparticles macrophage polarization mechanism modulation

Extended dynamic system modulation for real-time obstacle avoidance

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2022年第12期35卷 212-225页

作者： Zhide ZHANG Zhengjie WANG Jin YU School of Mechatronical Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

In this paper,a novel real-time obstacle avoidance method based on Dynamic System(DS),is proposed.The proposed method ensures the impenetrability of multiple convex obstacles by online modulating the original velocity field of the DS.It can be applied to perform obstacle avoidance in the state space of the DS with both autonomous and non-autonomous DS-based controllers.While realizing the obstacle avoidance,the equilibrium points of the original DS can be saved.The modulation matrix form is extended based on the earlier dynamic system modulation methods of the literature.The asymmetric modulation provided by this method allows the modulated DS to satisfy the dynamic constraints of a class of DSs.In addition,the proposed method has the inherent ability of multiple-obstacle avoidance and the direction selectivity of avoidance maneuver.Moreover,to solve the simultaneous guidance and obstacle avoidance problem,a guidance law for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAVs)based on the proposed method,is designed.Finally,a numerical simulation is performed to analyze the performance of the proposed method and the obstacle avoidance guidance law.

关键词： Collision avoidance Dynamic system Guidance modulation Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAVs)

Broad-band spatial light modulation with dual epsilon-near-zero modes

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Opto-Electronic Advances 2022年第6期5卷 63-73页

作者： Long Wen Xianghong Nan Jiaxiang Li David R.S.Cumming Xin Hu Qin Chen Institute of Nanophotonics Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 511443China Hangzhou Dianzi University Hangzhou 310018China James Watt School of Engineering University of GlasgowGlasgow G128QQUK.

Epsilon-near-zero(ENZ)modes have attracted extensive interests due to its ultrasmall mode volume resulting in ex-tremely strong light-matter interaction(LMI)for active optoelectronic devices.The ENZ modes can be electrically toggled between on and off states with a classic metal-insulator-semiconductor(MIS)configuration and therefore allow access to electro-absorption(E-A)modulation.Relying on the quantum confinement of charge-carriers in the doped semiconductor,the fundamental limitation of achieving high modulation efficiency with MIS junction is that only a nanometer-thin ENZ confinement layer can contribute to the strength of E-A.Further,for the ENZ based spatial light modulation,the require-ment of resonant coupling inevitably leads to small absolute modulation depth and limited spectral bandwidth as restric-ted by the properties of the plasmonic or high-Q resonance systems.In this paper,we proposed and demonstrated a dual-ENZ mode scheme for spatial light modulation with a TCOs/dielectric/silicon nanotrench configuration for the first time.Such a SIS junction can build up two distinct ENZ layers arising from the induced charge-carriers of opposite polar-ities adjacent to both faces of the dielectric layer.The non-resonant and low-loss deep nanotrench framework allows the free space light to be modulated efficiently via interaction of dual ENZ modes in an elongated manner.Our theoretical and experimental studies reveal that the dual ENZ mode scheme in the SIS configuration leverages the large modulation depth,extended spectral bandwidth together with high speed switching,thus holding great promise for achieving electric-ally addressed spatial light modulation in near-to mid-infrared regions.

关键词： epsilon-near-zero modulation TCOs electro-optic light harvesting

Therapeutic possibilities of gut microbiota modulation in acute decompensation of liver cirrhosis

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World Journal of Hepatology 2023年第4期15卷 525-537页

作者： Dmitry Victorovich Garbuzenko Department of Faculty Surgery South Ural State Medical UniversityChelyabinsk 454080Russia

The formation of liver cirrhosis(LC) is an unfavorable event in the natural history of chronic liver diseases and with the development of portal hypertension and/or impaired liver function can cause a fatal outcome. Decompensation of LC is considered the most important stratification variable for the risk of death. It is currently postulated that decompensation of LC occurs through an acute(including acute-on-chronic liver failure) and non-acute pathway. Acute decompensation of LC is accompanied by the development of life-threatening complications, characterized by an unfavorable prognosis and high mortality.Progress in understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms has led to the search for new interventions, drugs, and biological substances that can affect key links in the pathogenesis of acute decompensation in LC, for example the impaired gut-liver axis and associated systemic inflammation. Given that particular alterations in the composition and function of gut microbiota play a crucial role here, the study of the therapeutic possibilities of its modulation has emerged as one of the top concerns in modern hepatology. This review summarized the investigations that describe the theoretical foundations and therapeutic potential of gut microbiota modulation in acute decompensation of LC. Despite the encouraging preliminary data, the majority of the suggested strategies have only been tested in animal models or in preliminary clinical trials;additional multicenter randomized controlled trials must demonstrate their efficacy in larger patient populations.

关键词： Liver cirrhosis Acute decompensation Pathogenesis Therapy Gut microbiota modulation

modulation of graft vascular inflow guided by flowmetry and manometry in liver transplantation

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2011年第6期10卷 649-656页

作者： See Ching Chan Chung Mau Lo Kenneth SH Chok William W Sharr Tan To Cheung Simon HY Tsang Albert CY Chan Sheung Tat Fan Department of Surgery The University of Hong Kong 102 Pokfulam RoadHong KongChina State Key Laboratory for Liver Research The University of Hong Kong 102 Pokfulam RoadHong KongChina

BACKGROUND:Survival of the partial graft after living donor liver transplantation owes much to its tremendous regenerative ability.With excellent venous outflow capacity,a graft within a wide range of graft-to-standard-liver-volume ratios can cope with portal hypertension that is common in liver transplant recipients.However,when the ratio range is exceeded,modulation of graft vascular inflow becomes necessary for graft survival.The interplay between graft-to-standard-liver-volume ratio and portal pressure,in the presence of portosystemic shunt or otherwise,requires individualized modulation of graft portal and arterial inflows.Boosting of portal inflow by shunt ligation can be guided by transonic flowmetry,whereas muting of portal inflow by splenic artery ligation can be monitored by portal electronic manometry.METHOD:We describe four cases to illustrate the above.RESULTS:One patient had hepatic artery thrombosis resulting from splenic artery steal syndrome which was the sequela of small-for-size syndrome.Emergency splenic artery ligation and re-anastomosis of the hepatic artery successfully muted the portal inflow and boosted the hepatic arterial inflow.Another patient with portal vein thrombosis underwent thrombendvenectomy.Portal inflow was boosted with ligation of portosystemic shunt,which is often present in these patients with portal hypertension.The coexistence of splenic aneurysm and splenorenal shunt required ligation of both in the third patient.The fourth patient,with portal pressure and flow monitoring,avoided ligation of a coronary vein which became a main portal inflow after portal thrombendvenectomy.CONCLUSION:Management of graft inflow modulation guided selectively by transonic flowmetry or portal manometry was described.

关键词： graft inflow liver transplantation modulation

modulation of driving signals in flow control over an airfoil with synthetic jet

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2020年第12期33卷 3138-3148页

作者： Zhiyong LIU Zhenbing LUO Qiang LIU Yan ZHOU College of Aerospace Science and Engineering National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center Mianyang 621000China

A new skill of modulating driving signals of a synthetic jet with low frequency is introduced to enhance the control authority.Based on dynamic mesh technique,the effect of flow control over a NACA0015 airfoil with a Synthetic Jet Actuator(SJA)has been investigated.The SJA is located at x/c=10%,and two jet injection angles of 90°and 30°have been considered.Flow structures indicate that modulation with low frequency can reduce the dissipation rate of vortices after they shed off the surface.Thus aerodynamic performance of the airfoil could be improved.For the injection angle of 90°,modulation can increase the control authority of the SJA.Compared to the unmodulated case,increment of lift-to-drag ratio is up to 15%.The modulating frequency corresponding to the largest increment is F_(M)^(+)≈1.For the injection angle of 30°,improvement of aerodynamic forces positively relates to momentum coefficient of the SJA.Due to the decrease of effective momentum,modulation degrades the effect of flow control.The opposite responses to modulation are believed to have a relationship with the variation of primary control mechanism.When jet injection angle varies from 90°to 30°,the primary mechanism changes from the interaction of vortices and waves to the direct momentum addition.The skill of modulation of driving signals is very useful for applications of SJA.

关键词： Airfoil Flow control Injection angle modulation Momentum coefficient Synthetic jet

modulation of the thermal transport of micro-structured materials from 3D printing

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2022年第1期4卷 22-33页

作者： Qiangsheng Sun Zhixiang Xue Yang Chen Ruding Xia Jianmei Wang Shen Xu Jun Zhang Yanan Yue School of Power and Mechanical Engineering Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072People’s Republic of China School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Shanghai University of Engineering ScienceShanghai 201620People’s Repub

It is desirable to fabricate materials with adjustable physical properties that can be used in different industrial applications.Since the property of a material is highly dependent on its inner structure,the understanding of structure–property correlation is critical to the design of engineering materials.3D printing appears as a mature method to effectively produce micro-structured materials.In this work,we created different stainless-steel microstructures by adjusting the speed of 3D printing and studied the relationship between thermal property and printing speed.Our microstructure study demonstrates that highly porous structures appear at higher speeds,and there is a nearly linear relationship between porosity and printing speed.The thermal conductivity of samples fabricated by different printing speeds is characterized.Then,the correlation between porosity,thermal conductivity,and scanning speed is established.Based on this correlation,the thermal conductivity of a sample can be predicted from its printing speed.We fabricated a new sample at a different speed,and the thermal conductivity measurement agrees well with the value predicted from the correlation.To explore thermal transport physics,the effects of pore structure and temperature on the thermal performance of the printed block are also studied.Our work demonstrates that the combination of the 3D printing technique and the printing speed control can regulate the thermophysical properties of materials.

关键词： modulation thermal property microstructure 3D printing speed