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Acupuncture at the Taixi(KI3) acupoint activates cerebral neurons in elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment

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Neural Regeneration Research 2014年第11期9卷 1163-1168页

作者： Shangjie Chen Maosheng Xu Hong Li Jiuping Liang Liang Yin Xia Liu Xinyan Jia Fen Zhu Dan Wang Xuemin Shi Lihua Zhao Department of Rehabilitation Baoan Hospital Southern Medical University Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion First Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Department of Imaging Baoan Hospital Southern Medical University School of Chinese Medicine Hong Kong Baptist University College of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Our previous ifndings have demonstrated that acupuncture at the Taixi （KI3） acupoint in healthy youths can activate neurons in cognitive-related cerebral cortex. Here, we investigated whether acupuncture at this acupoint in elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment can also activate neurons in these regions. Resting state and task-related functional magnetic resonance imaging showed that the pinprick senstation of acupuncture at the Taixi acupoint differed signiifcantly between elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment and healthy elderly controls. Results showed that 20 brain regions were activated in both groups of participants, including the bi-lateral anterior cingulate gyrus （Brodmann areas [BA] 32, 24）, left medial frontal cortex （BA 9, 10, 11）, left cuneus （BA 19）, left middle frontal gyrus （BA 11）, left lingual gyrus （BA 18）, right medial frontal gyrus （BA 11）, bilateral inferior frontal gyrus （BA 47）, left superior frontal gyrus （BA11）, right cuneus （BA 19, 18）, right superior temporal gyrus （BA 38）, left subcallosal gyrus （BA 47）, bilateral precuneus （BA 19）, right medial frontal gyrus （BA 10）, right superior frontal （BA 11）, left cingulate gyrus （BA 32）, left precentral gyrus （BA 6）, and right fusiform gyrus （BA 19）. These results suggest that acupuncture at the Taixi acupoint in elderly patients with mild cogni-tive impairment can also activate some brain regions.

关键词： nerve regeneration acupuncture acupoint Taixi （KI3） acupoint specificity mildcognitive impairment functional MRI resting state cognitive function brain function NSFC neu-ral regeneration

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Six psychotropics for pre-symptomatic ＆ early Alzheimer＇s (MCI), Parkinson＇s, and Huntington＇s disease modification

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第11期11卷 1712-1726页

作者： Edward C. Lauterbach Psychiatry and Neurology Mercer University School of Medicine Macon GA USA

The quest for neuroprotective drugs to slow the progression of neurodegenerative diseases （NDDs）, including Alzheimer＇s disease （AD）, Parkinson＇s disease （PD）, and Huntington＇s disease （HD）, has been largely unrewarding. Preclinical evidence suggests that repurposing quetiapine, lithium, valproate, fluoxetine, donepezil, and memantine for early and pre-symptomatic disease-modification in NDDs may be promising and can spare regulatory barriers. The literature of these psychotropics in early stage and pre-symptomatic AD, PD, and HD is reviewed and propitious findings follow. Mild cognitive impairment （MCI） phase of AD： salutary human randomized controlled trial findings for low-dose lithium and, in selected patients, donepezil await replication. Pre-symptomatic AD： human epidemiological data indicate that lithium reduc- es AD risk. Animal model studies （AMS） reveal encouraging results for quetiapine, lithium, donepezil, and memantine. Early PD： valproate AMS findings show promise. Pre-symptomatic PD： lithium and valproate AMS findings are encouraging. Early HD： uncontrolled clinical data indicate non-progression with lithium, fluoxetine, donepezil, and memantine. Pre-symptomatic HD： lithium and valproate are auspicious in AMS. Many other promising findings awaiting replication （valproate in MCI; lithium, valproate, fluoxetine in pre-symptomatic AD; lithium in early PD; lithium, valproate, fluoxetine in pre-symptomatic PD; donepezil in early HD; lithium, fluoxetine, memantine in pre-symptomatic HD） are reviewed. Dose- and stage-dependent effects are considered. Suggestions for signal-enhancement in human trials are provided for each NDD stage.

关键词： drug repositioning neuroprotective agents psychotropic drugs neurodegenerative diseases mildcognitive impairment humans animals animal models

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