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Proposal for a new evaluation of phagocytosis using different sizes of fluorescent polystyrene microspheres

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Advances in Biological Chemistry 2013年第6期3卷 556-563页

作者： Riyo Enomoto Makoto Imamori Ayoumi Seon Kozue Yoshida Aya Furue Hirofumi Tsuruda Eibai Lee-Hiraiwa Laboratory of Pharmacology Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Kobe Gakuin University Kobe Japan Laboratory of Pharmacology Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Kobe Gakuin University Kobe Japan 2Cooperative Research Center of Life Sciences Kobe Gakuin University Kobe Japan Laboratory of Pharmacology Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Kobe Gakuin University Kobe Japan 2Cooperative Research Center of Life Sciences Kobe Gakuin University Kobe Japan Cooperative Research Center of Life Sciences Kobe Gakuin University Kobe Japan Laboratory of Pharmacology Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Kobe Gakuin University Kobe Japan Cooperative Research Center of Life Sciences Kobe Gakuin University Kobe Japan 2Cooperative Research Center of Life Sciences Kobe Gakuin University Kobe Japan

To investigate phagocytosis, peritoneal-resident and J774.1 macrophages were incubated with fluorescent polystyrene microspheres measuring 1.0 μm in diamter at 200 particles per cell. The amount of phagocytized microspheres increased with incubation time, and both cell types had similar phagocytic activity. Further, we investigated the phagocytosis of different sizes of microspheres by J774.1 macrophages. To adequately evaluate phagocytosis, varying amounts of different sizes of microspheres were added to J774.1 cells, and their phagocytic activities were evaluated. When the microspheres were added at a density of 20 particles per cell, few small microspheres (microspheres was added at a density of 200 particles per cell, phagocytosis of large microspheres (>3 μm in diameter) could not be evaluated because of cytotoxicity. Thus, the amount of different sizes of microspheres added is important for precisely evaluating phagocytic activity. When the amount of different sizes of microspheres added was standardized to provide a set amount of total surface area, phagocytosis of these microspheres could be adequately evaluated and compared. To determine the effects of phagocytosis on cell viability and proliferation, cells incubated with different sizes of microspheres were assayed using a cell counting kit. We found that phagocytosis had no effect on cell viability or proliferation and was independent of particle size. Furthermore, cells already phagocytized microspheres retained their phagocytic activity.

关键词： Macrophage Phagocytosis Polystyrene microsphere Total Surface Area

Fabrication of Microporous Film and microspheres Hybrids

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Open Journal of Organic Polymer Materials 2015年第2期5卷 51-57页

作者： Hossein Taherzadeh Yasuko Shimoi Kenji Ogino Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Koganei Tokyo Japan

Hybrids consisting of a microporous film and polymeric microspheres were fabricated via a simple method without a special apparatus. Highly ordered microporous polymer films with honeycomb structure were fabricated by a dissipative process utilizing amphiphilic poly(acrylic acid)- block-polystyrene, which was synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization followed by an acid-catalyzed ester cleavage reaction. In order to embed the microsphere efficiently, the dried microporous films should be soaked in methanol to alter the surface functionality and to improve the wettability of the film surface. The introduction of amino functionality to polystyrene microspheres by seeded polymerization of N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate drastically improved the embedding efficiency. The effect of open pore size was also investigated.

关键词： Amphiphilic Block Copolymer Microporous Film Hybrid microsphere Surface Functionality

Preparation, Characterization and Drug-Release Behaviors of Crosslinked Chitosan/Attapulgite Hybrid microspheres by a Facile Spray-Drying Technique

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Journal of Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology 2011年第3期2卷 250-257页

作者： Qin Wang Jie Wu Wenbo Wang Aiqin Wang 不详

A series of chitosan/attapulgite (CTS/APT) hybrid microspheres were prepared by a facile spray-drying technique. The developed hybrid microspheres were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the zeta potential. The encapsulation efficiency and in vitro controlled release properties of the microspheres for drug were evaluated using diclofenac sodium (DS) as a model drug. Results indicated that the introduction of APT into crosslinked CTS microspheres can achieve narrow size distribution and make them more uniform. The isoelectric point of the microspheres increased from 8.14 to 9.18 with increasing the content of APT to 10 wt.%. DS loaded in hybrid microspheres is hardly released in simulated gastric fluid, but quickly released in simulated intestinal fluid. The electrostatic interaction between hybrid microspheres and DS can improve the encapsulation efficiency and controlled release behavior of CTS/APT microspheres, and the release mechanism fits Fickian diffusion.

关键词： microsphere chitosan attapulgite spray drying controlled release

Preparation of Black Poly(Methyl Methacrylate-Ethyleneglycol Dimethacrylate) microspheres Using Metallic Complex Dyes

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2020年第10期11卷 692-713页

作者： Shen-Kung Liao Shin-Bin Wu Chie-Hao Chao Department of Fiber and Composite Materials Feng Chia University Taiwan

In this study, we synthesized polymethyl methacrylate cross-linked microspheres and functionalized the surface of the microspheres with amine groups, and discussed the effect of functionalization and the change of the surface morphology of the microspheres. This research uses 1:2 metal composite acid dye to dye self-synthesized microspheres with uniform particle size, and successfully prepares black polymethyl methacrylate cross-linked microspheres, which are applied to spacer microspheres.

关键词： PMMA microsphere Metallic Complex Dye Crosslinked

Cytochalasin B loaded nano/microparticles:preparation and in vitro drug release evaluation

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Chinese Journal of Biomedical Engineering(English Edition) 2000年第1期9卷 1-9页

作者： SONG Cun xian SUN Hong fan YANG Jin ZHU Zhen feng WANG Peng yan Robert Levy Institute of Biomedical Engineering Peking Union Medical CollegeChinese Academy of Medical SciencesTianjin 300192China

Cytochalasin B (cytoB) loaded nanoparticles (NPs) and microspheres (MSs) were formed using an emulsification / solvent evaporation technique.Biodegradable poly(lactic co glycolic acid)(PLGA) and poly(L lactic acid)(PLLA)were used as carrier and were compared in terms of drug release rate and initial burst.The PLGA nanoparticles and microparticles of graded diameter,150 nm,500 nm,1 μm,5 μm,10 μm and 20 μm,is formulated.Nanoparticles of 150 500 nm diameter were obtained by high energy sonication,whereas larger size particles were obtained by normal homogenization.The degree of initial burst release varied depending on particle size and polymer matrix.For the PLGA matrix,about 50% of the entrapped drug released from the 150 nm nanoparticles,whereas only 10% released from the 20 μm particles within the first 24 hours.On the other hand,cytoB release from 150 nm PLLA nanoparticles was much slower and showed less burst effect than the PLGA ones with same size.The results suggest that desired release profile can be achieved by properly selecting the matrix material and particle size.

关键词： Cytochalasin B Nanoparticle microsphere

Comparison of Dye Adsorption of Three Forms of Chitosan

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Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science 2014年第3期4卷 319-326页

作者： Shu-Hwa Lin Chih-Pong Chang Jen-Chieh Chang Kelly Mammel Department of Family & Consumer Sciences University of Hawaii at Manoa Honolulu USA Department of Textile Engineering Chinese Culture University Taipei Taiwan Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology Chinese Culture University Taipei Taiwan

The purpose of this project is to explore the adsorption rates of different dye methods (direct, reactive, acidic, disperse, azo dyes) in three shapes of chitosan materials (film, microsphere, and scaffold) which were formed by 88% deacetylation degree of chitosan. Results of this research suggest that the samples with larger specific surface areas tend to have shorter adsorption times. Among the three samples, the chitosan scaffold reached the adsorptive saturation on the third day, showing the shortest adsorption time of the direct, reactive, acidic, dispersive and azo dyes, whereas the chitosan film reached the adsorptive saturation on the eighth day, giving it the longest adsorption time of the dyes.

关键词： Chitosan Film microsphere Scaffold Dye Adsorption

Morphology Control of Polymer microspheres Containing Block Copolymers with Seed Polymerization

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Open Journal of Organic Polymer Materials 2015年第2期5卷 43-50页

作者： Hossein Taherzadeh Shunsuke Sotowa Kenji Ogino Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Koganei Tokyo Japan

microspheres based on binary polymer blend consisting of polystyrene (PSt), poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), block copolymer comprising PSt and PMMA subunits, and ternary polymer blend consisting of PSt, PMMA, and block copolymer were fabricated by a solvent evaporation method, in which a polymer solution in dichloromethane was dispersed in water phase with the aid of a homogenizer to obtain an O/W emulsion followed by solvent evaporation with agitation to solidify the polymer. In the case of ternary blend, the effect of block copolymer content on the morphology of resulting spheres was investigated. Ternary blends afforded the bi-compartmental morphologies, the intermediate morphology between Janus and core-shell, which was confirmed by TEM observation. Seed polymerization of St or MMA was also carried out utilizing the resulting microspheres as seed particles in order to control the shape, and the surface morphology of particles. The particles with snowman-like morphology were obtained by seed polymerization of St using PSt/PMMA binary blend microspheres as seed particles. Surface roughness was controlled by the polymerization of MMA in the block copolymer seed, and that of St in the ternary blend seed.

关键词： microsphere Morphology Polymer Blend Block Copolymer Seed Polymerization

Fabrication of microspheres Based on Poly(4-butyltriphenylamine) Blends with Poly(methyl methacrylate) and Block Copolymer by Solvent Evaporation Method

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Open Journal of Organic Polymer Materials 2015年第2期5卷 37-42页

作者： Hossein Taherzadeh Kenji Ogino Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Koganei Tokyo Japan

Micron-sized polymer particles from single poly(4-butyltriphenylamine) (PBTPA) homopolymer, binary polymer blend [PBTPA/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)], and ternary polymer blend (PBTPA/PBTPA-b-PMMA/PMMA) via a solvent evaporation method, and the surface morphologies and inside structure of resulting particles were investigated. Spherical homopolymer particles with smooth surface were resulted from PBTPA with low molecular weight. In the case of binary blends (PBTPA/PMMA = 1/1), Janus (low molecular weight) and dumbbell (high molecular weight) type morphologies were observed. The particles based on ternary blends containing PBTPA-b-PMMA showed core-shell type morphologies (PMMA;core, PBTPA;shell). Degree of engulfment of PMMArich domain increased with the content of the block copolymer. The decrease of domain size was not observed although the block copolymer had a suitable structure as a compatibilizer for the blend. It was also found that the initial concentration of polymer solution had an effect on the final morphology.

关键词： microsphere Morphology Polymer Blend Block Copolymer Poly(4-butyltriphenylamine)

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青风藤总生物碱聚乳酸微球的制备

中国医药工业杂志 2011年第5期42卷 354-357页

作者：张雯张兴祥天津工业大学功能纤维研究所改性与功能纤维天津市重点实验室天津300160

聚乳酸(PLA)及其共聚物具有良好的生物相容性和生物降解性,在人体内无积聚,最终可完全降解为二氧化碳和水。

关键词： polylactic acid total alkaloids of Caulis Sinomenii microsphere emulsion-solvent evaporation method