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microplastics in sediment of the Three Gorges Reservoir:abundance and characteristics under different environmental conditions

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第1期42卷 101-112页

作者： Wang LI Bo ZU Yiwei LIU Juncheng GUO Jiawen LI College of River and Ocean Engineering Chongqing Jiaotong UniversityChongqing 400074China Chongqing Research Academy of Ecology and Environmental Sciences Chongqing 401147China

Freshwater microplastic pollution is an urgent issue of global concern,and research on the distribution in reservoirs is lacking.We investigated the microplastic pollution levels in wet sediments collected from the Three Gorges Reservoir,the largest reservoir of China.Results show that microplastics were ubiquitous in the sediments of the Three Gorges Reservoir,and their abundance ranged from 59 to 276 pp/kg(plastic particles per kg,dry weight).Economic development and total population were important factors affecting the spatial heterogeneity of microplastic abundance,and the contribution of large cities along the reservoir to microplastic pollution should be paid with more attention.Fibrous microplastics were the most abundant type of microplastic particles in reservoir sediments,whereas polystyrene,polypropylene,and polyamide were the main types of polymers.The apparent spatial heterogeneity in morphology and color of microplastics is attributed to different anthropogenic or landbased pollution sources.Moreover,the accumulation of microplastics near the inlet of tributaries reflects the role of potential contributors of tributaries.More importantly,multiple bisphenols(BPs)and heavy metals detected at the microplastic surfaces indicate that microplastics can act as carriers of these pollutants in the environment in the same way as sediments did,which may alter the environmental fate and toxicity of these pollutants.Therefore,we conclude that the Three Gorges Reservoir had been contaminated with microplastics,which posed a stress risk for organisms who ingest them along with their associated pollutants(BPs,heavy metals).

关键词： microplastics Three Gorges Reservoir sediment bisphenol heavy metal

Impact of microplastics and nanoplastics on liver health:Current understanding and future research directions

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第9期30卷 1011-1017页

作者： Chun-Cheng Chiang Hsuan Yeh Ruei-Feng Shiu Wei-Chun Chin Tzung-Hai Yen School of Medicine University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15213United States Pittsburgh Liver Research Center University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15213United States Division of Experimental Pathology Department of PathologyUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15213United States Division of Endocrinology Department of PediatricsUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15213United States Center of Excellence for The Oceans National Taiwan Ocean UniversityKeelung 20224Taiwan Institute of Marine Environment and Ecology National Taiwan Ocean UniversityKeelung 20224TaiwanChina Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of California MercedMercedCA 95343United States Department of Nephrology Clinical Poison CenterChang Gung Memorial HospitalTaoyuan 333TaiwanChina College of Medicine Chang Gung UniversityTaoyuan 333TaiwanChina

With continuous population and economic growth in the 21st century,plastic pollution is a major global issue.However,the health concern of microplastics/nanoplastics(MPs/NPs)decomposed from plastic wastes has drawn public attention only in the recent decade.This article summarizes recent works dedicated to understanding the impact of MPs/NPs on the liver-the largest digestive organ,which is one of the primary routes that MPs/NPs enter human bodies.The interrelated mechanisms including oxidative stress,hepatocyte energy re-distribution,cell death and autophagy,as well as immune responses and inflammation,were also featured.In addition,the disturbance of microbiome and gut-liver axis,and the association with clinical diseases such as metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease,steatohepatitis,liver fibrosis,and cirrhosis were briefly discussed.Finally,we discussed potential directions in regard to this trending topic,highlighted current challenges in research,and proposed possible solutions.

关键词： microplastics Nanoplastics Liver Reactive oxidative species Cell death Autophagy Innate immunity Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease Gut-liver axis

The Uptake and Distribution Evidence of Nano-and microplastics in vivo after a Single High Dose of Oral Exposure

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期37卷 31-41页

作者： HONG Tao SUN Wei DENG Yuan LYU Jian Da JIN Cui Hong BAI Ying Long NA Jun ZHANG Rui GAO Yuan PAN Guo Wei YANG Zuo Sen YAN Ling Jun Research Center for Universal Health School of Public HealthChina Medical UniversityShenyang 110122LiaoningChina Department of Pain Management Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyang 110004LiaoningChina Department of Toxicology School of Public HealthChina Medical UniversityShenyang 110122LiaoningChina Department of Maternal and Child Health School of Public HealthChina Medical UniversityShenyang 110122LiaoningChina Institute of Preventive Medicine China Medical UniversityShenyang 110122LiaoningChina Institute of Chronic Diseases Liaoning Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionShenyang 110000LiaoningChina

Objective Tissue uptake and distribution of nano-/microplastics was studied at a single high dose by gavage in vivo.Methods Fluorescent microspheres(100 nm,3μm,and 10μm)were given once at a dose of 200 mg/(kg∙body weight).The fluorescence intensity(FI)in observed organs was measured using the IVIS Spectrum at 0.5,1,2,and 4 h after administration.Histopathology was performed to corroborate these findings.Results In the 100 nm group,the FI of the stomach and small intestine were highest at 0.5 h,and the FI of the large intestine,excrement,lung,kidney,liver,and skeletal muscles were highest at 4 h compared with the control group(Pmicroplastics in tissues was further verified by histopathology.The peak time of nanoplastic absorption in blood was confirmed.Conclusion Nanoplastics translocated rapidly to observed organs/tissues through blood circulation;however,only small amounts of MPs could penetrate the organs.

关键词： microplastics Nanoplastics IVIS Spectrum small-animal imaging system Tissue distribution Blood

Low-density polyethylene microplastics partially alleviate the ecotoxicological effects induced by cadmium exposure on the earthworm Eisenia fetida

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Soil Ecology Letters 2024年第1期6卷 47-60页

作者： Song Zhang Yating Du Guangshen Shang Kejiao Hu Xing Wang College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming Beijing 100193China Organic Cycle Research Institute(Suzhou) China Agricultural UniversitySuzhou 215100China Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions Ministry of EducationBeijing 100193China

LDPE had no effect on the mortality,growth,and reproduction of earthworms.LDPE did not alter the mortality,growth,and reproduction of earth-worm caused by Cd.LDPE alleviated histopathological damage to earthworms caused by Cd.LDPE alleviated DNA damage in earthworm coelomocytes caused by Cd.LDPE did not affect the accumulation of Cd in earthworms.Cadmium(Cd)can accumulate in the food chain,with serious impacts on human health and safety.microplastics(MPs)such as low-density polyethylene(LDPE)should be considered not only as a single pollutant but also as a carrier of other pollutants.In this study,we investigated the joint effects of 30%LDPE and 313 mg kg-1 Cd on mortality,growth,reproduction,microstructure,DNA damage,oxidative stress,and mRNA levels in the earthworm Eisenia fetida.We found that 313 mg kg-1 Cd inhibited growth and reproduction and damaged the microstructures of the skin and intestine.Meanwhile,LDPE had no effect on the mortality,growth,or cocoon production of earthworms.Moreover,it did not increase the mortality,growth,or inhibition of cocoon production caused by Cd and instead alleviated the DNA damage in coelomocytes caused by Cd treatment.Finally,it did not alter the accumulation of Cd in the worms.These indicators can be used for toxicity safety assessment and soil ecological risk assessment of LDPE and Cd cooccurrence in soil.

关键词： microplastics Eisenia fetida DNA damage histopathological damage heavy metals

Research Progress of Detection Methods for microplastics

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Asian Agricultural Research 2024年第3期16卷 29-32页

作者： Peng WAN Zhen ZHAO Guoyan WEN Yunshuang FU Cuizhi LI Xiaoli WU Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co. Ltd.Hohhot 010010China

microplastics are plastic particles or fibers with a diameter of less than 5 mm,and they widely exist in the environment and pose potential risks to the ecosystem and human health.microplastics detection can provide basic data for formulating effective environmental protection strategies.In this paper,the physical,chemical and biological detection methods of microplastics are reviewed,and the advantages and disadvantages of different methods are analyzed.The problems and challenges encountered in microplastics detection are analyzed,and the future research is discussed.

关键词： microplastics Detection method Research progress

Research Progress of microplastics Pollution in Environment

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Asian Agricultural Research 2024年第4期16卷 19-22页

作者： Peng WAN Zhen ZHAO Guoyan WEN Yunshuang FU Cuizhi LI Xiaoli WU Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co. Ltd.Hohhot 010010China

microplastics pollution has become one of the focuses of global environmental science research.microplastics include micro plastic particles and nano-plastic particles,which come from the decomposition of plastic products,the release of microfibers and the industrial process of plastic particles.The distribution of microplastics in water,soil and atmosphere is summarized,and the widespread existence of microplastics in different environmental media is emphasized.This paper also summarizes the potential impact of microplastics on ecosystems and organisms,and pays attention to the transmission and accumulation of microplastics in the food chain,as well as its potential threat to human health.Finally,the paper discusses the methods and technologies of microplastics treatment and monitoring at present,and puts forward the direction of further research on microplastics pollution in order to formulate more effective management and mitigation strategies.

关键词： microplastics Environment Pollution

Recent progress and future directions of the research on nanoplastic-induced neurotoxicity

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第2期19卷 331-335页

作者： Seung-Woo Han Jinhee Choi Kwon-Yul Ryu Department of Life Science University of SeoulSeoulSouth Korea School of Environmental Engineering University of SeoulSeoulSouth Korea

Many types of plastic products,including polystyrene,have long been used in commercial and industrial applications.microplastics and nanoplastics,plastic particles derived from these plastic products,are emerging as environmental pollutants that can pose health risks to a wide variety of living organisms,including humans.However,it is not well understood how microplastics and nanoplastics affect cellular functions and induce stress responses.Humans can be exposed to polystyrene-microplastics and polystyrene-nanoplastics through ingestion,inhalation,or skin contact.Most ingested plastics are excreted from the body,but inhaled plastics may accumulate in the lungs and can even reach the brain via the nose-to-brain route.Small-sized polystyrene-nanoplastics can enter cells by endocytosis,accumulate in the cytoplasm,and cause various cellular stresses,such as inflammation with increased pro-inflammatory cytokine production,oxidative stress with generation of reactive oxygen species,and mitochondrial dysfunction.They induce autophagy activation and autophagosome formation,but autophagic flux may be impaired due to lysosomal dysfunction.Unless permanently exposed to polystyrene-nanoplastics,they can be removed from cells by exocytosis and subsequently restore cellular function.However,neurons are very susceptible to this type of stress,thus even acute exposure can lead to neurodegeneration without recovery.This review focuses specifically on recent advances in research on polystyrene-nanoplastic-induced cytotoxicity and neurotoxicity.Furthermore,in this review,based on mechanistic studies of polystyrene-nanoplastics at the cellular level other than neurons,future directions for overcoming the negative effects of polystyrene-nanoplastics on neurons were suggested.

关键词： autophagy cellular stress cytotoxicity endocytosis exocytosis inflammation microplastics nanoplastics neurotoxicity oxidative stress polystyrene

microplastics in the atmosphere of Ahvaz City, Iran

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第4期126卷 95-102页

作者： Sajjad Abbasi Neamatollah Jaafarzadeh Amir Zahedi Maryam Ravanbakhsh Somayeh Abbaszadeh Andrew Turner Department of Earth Sciences College of ScienceShiraz UniversityShiraz 71454Iran Department of Radiochemistry and Environmental Chemistry Faculty of ChemistryMaria Curie-Skłodowska UniversityLublin 20-031Poland Environmental Technologies Research Center Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical SciencesAhvazIran Department of Environmental Health Engineering Shoushtar Faculty of Medical SciencesShoushtarIran Student Research Committee Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical SciencesAhvazIran School of Geography Earth and Environmental SciencesPlymouth UniversityPL48AAUK

Airborne particulate matter(PM) with an aerodynamic size cutoff of 10 μm(PM_(10)) has been collected using a high volume air sampler at two locations(urban and residential) in the city of Ahvaz, Iran, for sixteen 24-hour periods over four months(late summer to early winter).microplastics(MPs) in the PM were isolated after sample digestion and were subsequently characterised by established techniques. All MPs sampled(n = 322) were of a fibrous nature,with polyethylene terephthalate, nylon and polypropylene being the dominant polymers and consistent with textiles and fabrics as the principal source. Despite a distinct seasonality(temperature and wind) over the study period, the abundance, size and colour of the fibres exhibited no clear temporal trend, and no clear differences were observed between the two sites. Concentrations of MPs ranged from none detected to about 0.017/m^(3)(median = 0.0065/m^(3)) and are at the low end of ranges reported in the recent literature for various urban and remote locations. While some MPs may have a local origin, the weathering of other MPs and their acquisition of extraneous geosolids and salts suggests that long-range transport is also important. Back-trajectory calculations indicate that regional sources are mainly to the north and west of Ahvaz, but a southerly, maritime source is also possible in late autumn. Although concentrations of MPs in the atmosphere are well below those encountered in indoor air, further studies are required to elucidate their potential ecological impacts.

关键词： microplastics Atmosphere Transport Fibres Polymers Ahvaz

microplastics in municipal wastewater treatment plants: a case study of Denizli/Turkey

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环境科学与工程前沿(英文) 2023年第8期17卷 95-105页

作者： Pelin Koyuncuoğlu Gülbin Erden Environmental Engineering Department Engineering FacultyPamukkale UniversityKınıklıCampusDenizli 20160Turkey

Plastic particles smaller than 5 mm are microplastics.They are among the significant pollutants that recently attracted attention.Great quantities of microplastics enter the sewage system daily and reach wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs).As a result,WWTPs are potential microplastic sources.Hence,they create a pathway for microplastics to reach aquatic environments with treated wastewater discharge.Studies on microplastic characterization in WWTPs have gained momentum in academia.This study investigates the abundance,size,shape,color,polymer type,and removal efficiencies of microplastics in a municipal wastewater treatment plant(WWTP)in Denizli/Turkey.The results showed that the dominant microplastic shape in wastewater samples was fibers(41.78%–60.77%)in the 100–500μm(58.57%–80.07%)size range.Most of the microplastics were transparent-white(32.86%–58.93%).The dominant polymer types were polyethylene(54.05%)and polyethylene vinyl acetate(37.84%)in raw wastewater.Furthermore,the microplastic removal efficiencies of the Denizli Central WWTP as a whole and for individual treatment units were evaluated.Although the microplastic pollution removal efficiency of the Denizli Central WWTP was over 95%,the microplastic concentration discharged daily into the receiving environment was considerably high(1.28×1010 MP/d).Thus,Denizli Central WWTP effluents result in a high volume of emissions in terms of microplastic pollution with a significant daily discharge to theÇürüksu Stream.

关键词： microplastics Wastewater treatment plant Removal efficiency Daily discharge