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Long-term straw return influenced ammonium ion retention at the soil aggregate scale in an Anthrosol with rice-wheat rotations in China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2022年第2期21卷 521-531页

作者： ZHANG Wen-zhao CHEN Xiao-qin WANG Huo-yan WEI Wen-xue ZHOU Jian-min Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region and Taoyuan Station of Agro-Ecology Research Institute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangsha 410125P.R.China State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008P.R.China

Soil aggregates are an important controlling factor for the physico-chemical and biological processes such as ammonium(NH;) retention. Straw return to the field is increasingly recommended to promote soil carbon(C) sequestration and improve crop yields. However, the effects of straw return on NH;retention at soil aggregate level in agricultural soils have seldom been investigated. This study aimed to evaluate the influences of long-term straw return on NH;adsorption and fixation in microaggregates(microaggregates was oxidized by H;O;. The results showed that longterm straw return significantly increased SOC and NH;adsorption, but inhibited NH;fixation in microaggregates. NH;adsorption potential and strength-obtained from adsorption isotherms-increased, but NH;fixation decreased along with increasing SOC in microaggregates, indicating the important role of SOC in NH;adsorption and fixation. This was verified by the SOC oxidization test that showed a relative decrease in NH;adsorption potential for the NPKS treatment and an increase in NH;fixation in all three treatments. Therefore, long-term straw return influences NH;adsorption and fixation by enhancing SOC content and could improve N availability for crop uptake and minimize applied N fertilizer losses in rice-wheat cropping systems.

关键词： soil organic carbon microaggregates NH4+ adsorption fixation

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Nitrogen addition reduced carbon mineralization of aggregates in forest soils but enhanced in paddy soils in South China

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Ecological Processes 2021年第1期10卷 597-607页

作者： Ruirui Cao Longchi Chen Xincun Hou Xiaotao Lü Haimei Li College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry Qingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdao 266109China. Huitong Experimental Station of Forest Ecology CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and ManagementInstitute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China. Hunan Key Laboratory for Structure and Ecosystem Service of Subtropical Forest Huitong National Research Station of Forest EcosystemHuitong 418307China. Research and Development Center for Grasses and Environment Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097China.

Background:Despite the crucial role of nitrogen(N)availability in carbon(C)cycling in terrestrial ecosystems,soil organic C(SOC)mineralization in different sizes of soil aggregates under various land use types and their responses to N addition is not well *** investigate the responses of soil C mineralization in different sized aggregates and land use types to N addition,an incubation experiment was conducted with three aggregate-size classes(2000,250,and 53μm)and two land use types(a Chinese fir plantation and a paddy land).Results:Cumulative C mineralization of themicroaggregates was the lowest in both forest and paddy soils,indicating that soil aggregates enhanced soil C stability and reduced the loss of soil *** C mineralization in all sizes of aggregates treated with N addition decreased in forest soils,but that in microaggregates and the<53-μm fraction increased in paddy soils treated with 100μgNg−***,the effect sizes of N addition on C mineralization of forest soils were below zero,but those of paddy soils were above *** data indicated that N addition decreased SOC mineralization of forest soils but increased that of paddy ***:Soil aggregates play an important role in soil C sequestration,and decrease soil C loss through the increase of soil C stability,regardless of land use types.N addition has different effects on soil C mineralization in different land use *** results highlight the importance of soil aggregates and land use types in the effects of N deposition on the global terrestrial ecosystem C cycle.

关键词： Ultisol Land use type microaggregates Soil organic carbon

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SOIL AGGREGATE AND ITS RESPONSE TO LAND MANAGEMENT PRACTICES

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China Particuology 2006年第5期4卷 211-219页

作者： Chaofu Wei Ming Gao Jingan Shao Deti Xie Genxing Pan College of Resource and Environment Southwest University Chongqing 400716 P.R. China Chongqing Key Laboratory of Digital Agriculture Chongqing 400716 P.R. China Institute of Resource Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 P.R. China

This paper provides a broad review of the existing study on soil aggregate and its responses to land management practices. Soil aggregate is used for structural unit, which is a group of primary soil particles that cohere to each other more strongly than other surrounding particles. The mechanism of soil particle aggregation may be expressed by a hierarchical model, which is based upon the hypothesis that macroaggregates （〉250μm） are collections of smaller microaggregates （〈250μm） held together with organic binding agents. Primary particles form microaggregates and then macroaggregates. Carbon （C）-rich young plant residues form and stabilize macroaggregates, whereas old organic C is occluded in the microaggregates. The interaction of aggregate dynamics with soil organic carbon （SOC） is complex and embraces a range of spatial and temporal processes within macroaggregates and microaggregates. The nature and properties of aggregates are determined by the quantity and quality of coarse residues and humic compounds and by the degree of their interaction with soil particles. The mechanisms resulting in the binding of primary soil particles into stable aggregates vary with soil parent material, climate, vegetation, and land management practices. Land management practices, including tillage methods, residue management, amendments, and soil fertility management, enhance soil aggregation. However, there is still much uncertainty in the dynamics of organic matter in macroaggregation and microaggregation, and research is still needed to understand further the mechanisms of aggregate formation and its responses to human activities.

关键词： soil structure soil aggregate macroaggregates microaggregates SOC land management practices

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Mykert-Sanzheevka Field of Polycomponent Ores (Pb, Zn, Ag, Au, PGE): Geologic-Substance Characteristics and Formation Features of Ore-Forming System

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Geomaterials 2020年第1期10卷 1-23页

作者： Alexander Vasilyevich Tatarinov Lyubov Ilyinichna Yalovik Anatoly Georgievich Mironov Victor Fedorovich Posokhov Geological Institute Siberian Branch Russian Academy of Sciences Ulan-Ude Russia

The new results of geologic-structural, petrographic and mineralogic-geochemical researches of Mykert-Sanzheevka ore field—the Uda-Vitim mineragenic zone South-West ending of West Transbaikalia are given. Its main ore-controlling structure, represented by losange, consisting of rhombohedral and tetrahedral blocks-duplexes mosaic clusters, which are separated by narrow tectonic sutures, is specified. It is clarified that polycomponent ores clusters are confined with these small-block sutures, made by subvolcanic dykes of shoshonite-latite volcano-plutonic association (233 - 188 million years), apodyke dynamometamorphites (breccias, cataclasite, mylonites) and also mechanometasomatites. Four stages of the dynamometamorphites formation characterized by different species compositions of ore minerals appeared as a result of mechanochemical reactions are determined. A carbonyl model of mineral microaggregates formation with films containing noble metal nanoparticles is proposed. Ore-forming system features of Mykert-Sanzheevka field are considered.

关键词： Polycomponent Ores Dynamometamorphism Mechanometasomatites Noble Metals microaggregates Nanophases Trace Minerals Ore-Forming System Carbonyl Compounds Geochemical Microanomalies

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