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Horizontal transfer of micrornas: molecular mechanisms and clinical applications

Protein & Cell 2012年第1期3卷 28-37页

作者： Xi Chen Hongwei Liang Junfeng Zhang Ke Zen Chen-Yu Zhang Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for microrna Biology and Biotechnology State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologySchool of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China

A new class of RNA regulatory genes known as micrornas(miRNAs)has been found to introduce a whole new layer of gene regulation in *** intensive studies of the past several years have demonstrated that miRNAs are not only found intracellularly,but are also detectable outside cells,including in various body fluids(***,plasma,saliva,urine and milk).This phenomenon raises questions about the biological function of such extracellular *** amounts of extracellular miRNAs are enclosed in small membranous vesicles(***,shedding vesicles and apoptotic bodies)or packaged with RNA-binding proteins(***-density lipoprotein,Argonaute 2 and nucleophosmin 1).These miRNAs may function as secreted signaling molecules to influence the recipient cell ***,secreted extracellular miRNAs may reflect molecular changes in the cells from which they are derived and can therefore potentially serve as diagnostic indicators of *** studies also point to the potential application of siRNA/miRNA delivery as a new therapeutic strategy for treating *** this review,we summarize what is known about the mechanism of miRNA *** addition,we describe the pathophysiological roles of secreted miRNAs and their clinical potential as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic *** believe that miRNA transfer between cells will have a significant impact on biological research in the coming years.

关键词： microrna extracellular microrna microrna secretion horizontal transfer microvesicle exosome apoptotic body high-density lipoprotein Argonaute 2 nucleophosmin 1 diagnosis therapy

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