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Effect of hormone therapy on carotid elasticity in postmenopausalwomen by Echo-tracking technique

South China Journal of Cardiology 2011年第1期12卷 20-26,39页

作者： YANG Jin-ru LI Fen JIANG Jue Department of Ultrasonics The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710061 China Maternal and Child Health Center The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710061 China Department of Ultrasonics The Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710003 China

Background Studies showed that arterial elasticity changes appear earlier than any structural changes, therefore, its accurate evaluation could be applied at early stage to prevent disease. Echo-tracking（E-tracking） technique can track the wall motion trajectory in real-time, calculate the change in vascular diameter automatically, and assessment of vascular stiffness and flexibility directly. This article aims to assess the change of elasticity of carotid artery after hormone therapy （HT） using Echo-tracking technology. Methods Echotracking was used to evaluate the carotid elastic moduli, such as the pressure-strain elastic modulus （Ep）, stiffness parameter （β）, arterial compliance （AC）, pulse wave conducting velocity （PWVβ） and augmentation index （AI） by Aloka α10 color Doppler ultrasound diagnosis system. Results Ep,β and PWVβ in HT group were significantly lower than those in the control group （P 〈 0.01）, while AC was obviously higher than the control group （P 〈 0.01）. E2 was negatively related to β, Ep and PWVβ （r = -0.607, r = -0.573, r = -0.574, P 〈 0.001）, while positively related to AC （r = 0.574, P 〈 0.001）; endothelial-dependent dilatation （EDD） was negatively related to β, Ep and PWVβ （r = -0.521, r = -0.411, r = -0.456, P 〈 0.001）, while positively related to AC （r = 0.443, P 〈 0.001）; But IMT was positively related to β, Ep and PWVβ（r = 0.553, r = 0.444, r = 0.529, P 〈 0.001）, while negatively related to AC （r = -0.400, P 〈 0.001）. Conclusions Arterial stiffness increases and compliance decreases in menopausal women. As EDD decreases arterial elasticity recedes, and HT can improve arterial elasticity. E-tracking technology can discover the early changes in arterial stiffness effectively and it is more sensitive in finding out the changes of stiffness in early atherosclerosis than IMT of carotid artery.

关键词： echo-tracking technique hormone therapy menopause arterial elasticity

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Age Dependence of the Menstrual Cycle Correlation Dimension

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Open Journal of Biophysics 2012年第2期2卷 40-45页

作者： Gregory N. Derry Paula S. Derry Paula Derry Enterprises in Health Psychology Baltimore USA Physics Department Loyola University Maryland Baltimore USA

Time series analysis, based on the idea that female reproductive endocrine physiology can be construed as a nonlinear dynamical system in a chaotic trajectory, is performed to measure the correlation dimension of the menstrual cycle data from subjects in two different age cohorts. The dimension is computed using a method proposed by Judd (Physica D, vol. 56, 1992, pp. 216-228) that does not assume the correlation dimension to be necessarily constant for all appropriate time scales of the system’s strange attractor. Significant time scale differences are found in the behavior of the dimension between the two age cohorts, but at the shortest time scales the correlation dimension converges to the same value, approximately 5.5, in both cases.

关键词： Perimenopause Menstruation Time Series Analysis Chaos Correlation Dimension menopause

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Endometrial Polyps:Which Patients Should Be Selected for Hysteroscopic Surgery?--A Study Using Data from the Swedish National Quality Registry of Gynecological Surgery

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2015年第11期5卷 592-599页

作者： Stefan Zacharias Mats Lofgren Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Hudiksvall County HospitalHudiksvallSweden Department of Clinical Sciences Obstetrics and GynecologyUmea UniversityUmeaSweden

Objective: To illuminate the findings after hysteroscopic surgery of endometrial polyps. Method: Data were extracted from The Swedish National Quality Registry of Gynecological Surgery. Endometrial polyps were identified in 1934 cases in a total of 4512 hysteroscopic operations. Data on all hysteroscopic procedures registered as surgery of endometrial polyps between 1997 and January 2013 were analyzed with logistic regression analysis and effect size was calculated. Main outcome measure was malignancy in endometrial polyps. Results: The most frequently reported symptoms of endometrial polyps were: postmenopausal bleeding, metrorrhagia, pain, and infertility. Among the registered biopsies, there were: 30 malignancies (1.8%), and 41 dysplasias (2.5%). The remaining polyps were benign. Only 1/30 cancer patients were <52 years old (p < 0.001). Among those women with dysplasia, 12/41 (29%) were p = 0.07). All cancer patients at age ≥52 had postmenopausal bleeding. The <52-year-old cancer patient had treatment-resistant bleeding. Increasing weight was a risk factor associated with tissue alterations in endometrial polyps (p = 0.014), controlling for age as a confounding factor. Conclusion: Hysteroscopic surgery should be recommended for women with postmenopausal bleeding and presence of endometrial polyps according to the findings of this study. The results further indicate a low risk of malignancy in premenopausal women <52 years with endometrial polyps. In those cases, it seems to be safe to refrain from surgery.

关键词： Endometrial Polyp menopause Malignancy Gynecological Surgery Hysteroscopy

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Application of Survival Analysis in Studies of Human Ontogeny

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Applied Mathematics 2014年第11期5卷 1697-1704页

作者： Magdalena Kosińska Anita Szwed Department of Human Biological Development Institute of Anthropology Faculty of Biology Adam Mickiewicz University Poznań Poland

The main goal of this work is to demonstrate the suitability of survival analysis for ontogenetic studies. The research material includes retrospective data of the age of the occurrence of ontogenetic events such as birth (N = 487), menarche (N = 2016) and menopause (N = 3597). In order to study the time of occurrence of ontogenetic events and to indicate the impact of environmental factors the survival analysis was applied. First, the percentiles of functions established for studied events were calculated. Next, the Kaplan-Meier survival curves were derived. In the last step theinfluence of environmental factors was established and the comparison of groups determined based on the chosen factors was performed. The delivery time shows that 14% of infants were bornpreterm. The risk of preterm delivery increases with the severity of factors disrupting pregnancy (from none to coexisting maternal and fetal risk factors) (;p menopause occurrence is significantly depended on both of considered factors: the educational level and smoking cigarettes (, p < 0.001). Survival analysis is suitable for studies of the distribution in time of developmental events. It can be used to indicate the factors which significantly influence the course of development by modifying the duration of developmental stages.

关键词： Ontogenetic Events Birth Menarche menopause Kaplan-Meier Method Cox’s Proportional Hazard Model

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Age at natural menopause and risk of diabetes in adult women:findings from the China Kadoorie Biobank study in Zhejiang area

Age at natural menopause and risk of diabetes in adult women...

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浙江省预防医学会第五届之江公共卫生论坛

作者： Meng Wang Ru-Ying Hu Hao Wang Wei-Wei Gong Chun-Mei Wang Kai-Xu Xie Zheng-Ming Chen Yu Guo Min Yu Li-Ming Li Department of NCDs Control and Prevention Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention Tongxiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit(CTSU) Nuffield Department of Population HealthUniversity of Oxford Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Department of Epidemiology School of Public HealthPeking University Health Science Center

Aims There has been considerable professional debate on the association between age at menopause and diabetes risk,while the findings are controversial.This study explored the association between late menopause and the prevalence of diabetes in the Chinese population.Material and Methods The data were part of the baseline survey of China Kadoorie Biobank from Zhejiang Province.A total of 17,076 postmenopausal women were included in the present study.Logistic regression models were used to calculate the adjusted odds ratios(ORs) and their95%confidence intervals(CIs).Results Of the participating women,1,288(7.54%) had type 2 diabetes.In comparison with those with menopause at 46-52 years,women with menopause at a later age(≥ 53 years) were 1.21(95%CI:1.03-1.43) times more likely to have diabetes.Conclusions Our findings suggested that later age at menopause was associated with an increased prevalence of diabetes.

关键词： age menopause diabetes

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Predicting menopausal health in a diverse population group through a theoretical linear model——Theoretical model to predict menopausal health

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Health 2010年第11期2卷 1320-1326页

作者： Amit Sengupta Nithya Srinivasan 不详

With the increase in longevity and demographic shift, menopause is emerging as one of the major health issues affecting middle aged women in developing countries. In this study our aim was to define & develop useful predictive indicators to assess menopausal health status in women with diverse socio-economic & cultural backgrounds. The model was developed using the data drawn from known published works as well as our own epidemiological & clinical case records. A linear equation was derived and expected results were obtained and analysed. The outcome was measured in terms of menopausal health & wellbeing index. Wide cultural diversity, unequal socio-economic status and gender inequality are some of the sensitive multi factorial determinants that influence the menopausal health. Education and availability of optimal quality health care facilities positively influenced level of awareness and improved the health seeking behavior & health literacy. The menopausal health & wellbeing index can be used as a predictive tool to develop interventional management modalities to improve quality of life.

关键词： menopause Quality of Life Urban Indian Women Socio-Cultural Factors Health Literacy Theoretical Model

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Association between menopause and lumbar disc degeneration:an MRI study of 1,280 women and 1,280 men

Association between menopause and lumbar disc degeneration:a...

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2016年浙江省骨科学学术年会

作者： Chao Lou Zhenzhong Chen Liangwei Mei Wenjun Huang Kejun Zhu Weiyang Yu Dengwei He 丽水市中心医院

Objective:The purpose of this study was to identify and further understand the association between menopause and severity of lumbar disc degeneration from the first lumbar to first sacral vertebra using a magnetic resonance imaging-based eight-level grading system.Methods:The study cohort comprised 1,280 normal women and 1,280 age-matched normal men between January 2010 and August 2015.Age,weight,height,age at natural menopause,and years since menopause(YSM)were obtained.Disc degeneration was assessed using a magnetic resonance imaging-based eight-level grading system.Results:Young age-matched men are more susceptible to disc degeneration than premenopausal women(P menopause,postmenopausal women have a significant tendency to develop more severe disc degeneration than their age-matched men(P 0.05).Conclusions:menopause is associated with disc degeneration in the lumbar spine.After menopause,disc degeneration showed a progressive severity that almost occured in the first 15 YSM,suggesting estrogen deficiency might be a risk factor of disc degeneration in the lumbar spine.Further studies are needed to investigate whether age or menopause plays a more important role in the progression of disc degeneration in the lumbar spine.

关键词： menopause Degeneration Intervertebral disc Lumbar spine Magnetic resonance imaging

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Fracture Risks Related to Parity and Breastfeeding Effect in Post-Menopausal Women Aged Sixty and Over: Results from the “Quality of Bone in Lorraine” Register

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Open Journal of Internal Medicine 2020年第2期10卷 121-134页

作者： Demba Diédhiou Cédric Baumann Michel Assane Ndour Marc Klein Olivier Morel Anna Sarr Mikaël Agopiantz Georges Weryha Department of Endocrinology University Hospital Center of Nancy Lorraine France Department of Internal Medicine II University Hospital Center of Dakar Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Sénégal Department of Epidemiology and Clinical Evaluation University Hospital Center of Nancy Lorraine France Department of Obstetrics and Medical Gynecology University Hospital Center of Nancy Lorraine France

Introduction: The long term effect of accumulation of genital events as repeated pregnancy and longer breastfeeding in bone heath later in women’s life is still disputed. The objective was to assess the impact of parity and cumulated duration of breastfeeding on fracture risk in post-menopausal women aged sixty an over. Patients and Methods: It was a leading study from the register “Quality of Bone in Lorraine (QBL)” achieved in the department of endocrinology and osteoporotic disease of Nancy (France). This register included all patients sent for an assessment of the bone mass density from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2014 (9 years). It was about post-menopausal women aged sixty an over suffering or not from osteoporosis fracture or bone fragility just after the age of 45. The genital events of patients to their age (from puberty to menopause) as well as the existence of hormone replacement therapy use, parity, and breastfeeding duration were taken into account. The assessment of bone fracture was clinical, radiological or by using the vertebral fracture assessment method. Results: 861 post-menopausal women were included. In comparison to the control group, the fractured population had a mean age of (74.3 ± 9 vs. 72 ± 8 years), a family history of fracture (32.1% vs. 26%), and an average input of calcium (2.4 ± 1 vs. 2.3 ± 0 portions per day). The age at menarche was of 12.8 ± 1 years in each group, a mean genital activity duration of (36.8 ± 3 vs. 37.2 ± 3 years), a parity of (2.1 ± 1 vs. 1.8 ± 1 children), a cumulated breastfeeding duration (4.2 ± 16 vs. 3.1 ± 5 months) and an age of menopause of (48.6 ± 4 vs. 48.6 ± 4 years) were respectively found in fractured and witness population. Overall, an osteoporotic fracture has been rediscovered in 50.9%. In multivariate analysis, only a cumulative duration of breastfeeding of 6 months and over was associated with a higher fracture risk (OR = 1.5 [1.1 - 2.2]). The impact of parity was not significant (OR = 1.1 [

关键词： Parity Breastfeeding Fracture Risk menopause

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Effects of hormonal replacement therapy on lipoprotein metabolism inpostmenopausal women with hyperlipodemia

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Journal of Medical Colleges of PLA(China) 2000年第3期15卷 202-205页

作者：孟素荣吴赛珠郭志刚周可祥周忠江阮云军张喜安梁万宁

Objective: To assess the effects of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on plasma lipid levels and hormone levels in postmenopausal women. Methods: A total of 108 Chinese postmenopausal women with hyperlipodemia (mean age (65.3±0.7) years) were randomly divided into 3 groups (group Ⅰ , Ⅱ and Ⅲ). Patients in group Ⅰ received exclusive estrogen therapy (Premarin), those in group Ⅱ received combined therapy with estrogen and progestrone (Livial), and those in group Ⅲ were treated with placebo. At the end of 3 and 6 months of the therapy, the serum sex hormone and lipid levels were determined and compared with the baseline levels. Results: After 6 months’ therapy, in group Ⅰ, a statistically significant (P < 0.01) decrease or increase vs the baseline was observed in serum lipid levels: the tatal cholesteror (TC) dropped by 12.8%, triglyceride (TG) by 17%, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-ch) by 29%, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-ch) was elevated by 14.6%. In group Ⅱ, TC levels was decreased by 8.7%, TG by 15.6%, LDL-ch by 33% and HDL-ch by 28.3%. The serum estradiol (E2) levels in both group Ⅰ and Ⅱ was increased significantly (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) benefits the lipoprotein metabolism in postmenopausal women with hyperlipodemia but when progestational is added to the ERT, the beneficial effect of estrogen on blood lipids was reduced.

关键词： estrogen progestrone lipoproteins estrogen replacement therapy menopause

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Relief of hot flashes with escitalopram in non-depressed menopausal women in Japan: Results of a retrospective analysis

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Health 2012年第10期4卷 893-896页

作者： Chikako Mori Atsushi Imai Clerical Support Unit for Physicians Matsunami General Hospital Gifu Japan Institute of Endocrine-Related Cancer Matsunami General Hospital Gifu Japan

Purpose: Hormone therapy (estrogen with or without progestin) remains the gold standard treatment for hot flashes in menopausal women, but concerns for the risk of hormone therapy have resulted in its decline and a demand for nonhormonal treatments with demonstrated efficacy for hot flashes. Aim of this study was to examine the efficacy of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor escitalopram on hot flashes in a healthy sample of non-depressant menopausal women in Japan. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 11 menopausal patients with hot flashes, who received escitalopram (10 mg daily) for 2 weeks between March and August 2012. Hot flashes severities and scores were recorded on a scale of 0 to 10 points, at beginning and end of 2 weeks treatment. Results: At 2 weeks of therapy, 9 of 11 patients reported significant decreases in hot flash frequency and severity, but the remission of the symptom was not observed in 2 patients. Speed of relief from hot flashes was rapid (within one week). Conclusions: Escitalopram 10 mg/day may be a prompt and effective option for treating hot flashes in menopausal women who do not want to use hormone replacement therapy.

关键词： Hot Flashes Escitalopram Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors menopause

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