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How plants sense and respond to osmotic stress

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第3期66卷 394-423页

作者： Bo Yu Dai-Yin Chao Yang Zhao Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesThe Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China Key Laboratory of Plant Carbon Capture The Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesInstitute of Plant Physiology and EcologyThe Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Drought is one of the most serious abiotic stresses to land *** sense and respond to drought stress to survive under water *** have studied how plants sense drought stress,or osmotic stress caused by drought,ever since Charles Darwin,and gradually obtained clues about osmotic stress sensing and signaling in *** stress is a physical stimulus that triggers many physiological changes at the cellular level,including changes in turgor,cell wall stiffness and integrity,membrane tension,and cell fluid volume,and plants may sense some of these stimuli and trigger downstream *** this review,we emphasized water potential and movements in organisms,compared putative signal inputs in cell wall-containing and cell wall-free organisms,prospected how plants sense changes in turgor,membrane tension,and cell fluid volume under osmotic stress according to advances in plants,animals,yeasts,and bacteria,summarized multilevel biochemical and physiological signal outputs,such as plasma membrane nanodomain formation,membrane water permeability,root hydrotropism,root halotropism,Casparian strip and suberin lamellae,and finally proposed a hypothesis that osmotic stress responses are likely to be a cocktail of signaling mediated by multiple *** also discussed the core scientific questions,provided perspective about the future directions in this field,and highlighted the importance of robust and smart root systems and efficient source-sink allocations for generating future high-yield stress-resistant crops and plants.

关键词： cell volume drought membrane tension osmotic stress turgor

Regulation of the intermittent release of giant unilamellar vesicles under osmotic pressure

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Chinese Physics B 2022年第9期31卷 644-651页

作者：周琪王平马贝贝蒋中英朱涛 Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Electronic Sensing Technology and Bionic Devices Yili Normal UniversityYining 835000China School of Network Security and Information Technology Yili Normal UniversityYining 835000China National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures Department of PhysicsNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China

Osmotic pressure can break the fluid balance between intracellular and extracellular *** hypo-osmotic so-lution,water molecules,which transfer into the cell and burst,are driven by the concentration difference of solute across the semi-permeable *** complicated dynamic processes of intermittent bursts have been previously ***,the underlying physical mechanism has yet to be thoroughly explored and ***,the intermittent re-lease of inclusion in giant unilamellar vesicles was investigated quantitatively,applying the combination of experimental and theoretical methods in the hypo-osmotic ***,we adopted a highly sensitive electron multiplying charge-coupled device to acquire intermittent dynamic ***,the component of the vesicle phospholipids af-fected the stretch velocity,and the prepared solution of vesicles adjusted the release ***,we chose equations and numerical simulations to quantify the dynamic process in phases and explored the influences of physical parameters such as bilayer permeability and solution viscosity on the *** was concluded that the time taken to achieve the balance of giant unilamellar vesicles was highly dependent on the molecular structure of the *** pore lifetime was strongly related to the internal solution environment of giant unilamellar *** vesicles prepared in viscous solution were able to visualize long-lived ***,the line tension was measured quantitatively by the release velocity of inclusion,which was of the same order of magnitude as the theoretical *** all,the experimental values well matched the theoretical *** investigation clarified the physical regulatory mechanism of intermittent pore forma-tion and inclusion release,which provides an important reference for the development of novel technologies such as gene therapy based on transmembrane transport as well as controlled drug delivery based on lipo

关键词： osmotic pressure difference membrane tension pore line tension

On the gating of mechanosensitive channels by fluid shear stress

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2016年第6期32卷 1012-1022页

作者： Zhangli Peng On Shun Pak Zhe Feng Allen P.Liu Yuan-Nan Young Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering University of Notre Dame Department of Mechanical Engineering Santa Clara University Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Michigan Department of Mathematical Sciences New Jersey Institute of Technology

Mechanosensation is an important process in biological fluid-structure interaction. To understand the biophysics underlying mechanosensation, it is essential to quantify the correlation between membrane deformation, membrane tension, external fluid shear stress, and conformation of mechanosensitive (MS) channels. Smoothed dissipative particle dynamics (SDPD) simulations of vesicle/cell in three types of flow configurations are conducted to calculate the tension in lipid membrane due to fluid shear stress from the surrounding viscous flow. In combination with a simple continuum model for an MS channel, SDPD simulation results suggest that shearing adhered vesicles/cells is more effective to induce membrane tension sufficient to stretch MS channels open than a free shear flow or a constrictive channel flow. In addition, we incorporate the bilayer-cytoskeletal interaction in a two-component model to probe the effects of a cytoskeletal network on the gating of MS channels.

关键词： Fluid-lipid membrane interaction Viscous flow Mechanosensitive channels membrane tension

Mechanisms of neuronal membrane sealing following mechanical trauma

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2014年第4期30卷 627-644页

作者： Benjamin K.Hendricks Riyi Shi Department of Basic Medical Sciences College of Veterinary MedicineWeldon School of Biomedical EngineeringPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndianaUSA Indiana University School of Medicine-Lafayette West LafayetteIndianaUSA

membrane integrity is crucial for maintaining the intricate signaling and chemically-isolated intracellular environment of neurons; disruption risks deleterious effects, such as unregulated ionic flux, neuronal apoptosis, and oxidative radical damage as observed in spinal cord injury and traumatic brain injury. This paper, in addition to a discussion of the current understanding of cellular tactics to seal membranes, describes two major factors involved in membrane repair. These are line tension, the hydrophobic attractive force between two lipid free-edges, and membrane tension, the rigidity of the lipid bilayer with respect to the tethered cortical cytoskeleton. Ca2~, a major mechanistic trigger for repair processes, increases following flux through a membrane injury site, and activates phospholipase enzymes, calpain-mediated cortical cytoskeletal proteolysis, protein kinase cascades, and lipid bilayer microdomain modification. The membrane tension appears to be largely modulated through vesicle dynamics, cytoskeletal organization, membrane curvature, and phospholipase manipulation. Dehydration of the phospholipid gap edge and modification of membrane packaging, as in temperature variation, experimentally impact line tension. Due to the time-sensitive nature of axonal sealing, increasing the efficacy of axolemmal sealing through therapeutic modification would be of great clinical value, to deter secondary neurodegenerative effects. Better therapeutic enhancement of membrane sealing requires a complete understanding of its intricate underlying neuronal mechanism.

关键词： axolemmal sealing membrane tension line tension phospholipase calpain poly-ethylene glycopatch model