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Historical trends in maize morphology from the 1950s to the 2010s in China

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2022年第8期21卷 2159-2167页

作者： MA Da-ling XIE Rui-zhi YU Xiao-fang LI Shao-kun GAO Ju-lin Agricultural College Inner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhot 010019P.R.China Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and EcologyMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing 100081P.R.China

The morphology of the plant and ear is a preliminary selection characteristic in breeding new varieties of *** new maize cultivars were developed from the 1950s through the 2010s in China,most had changes in both plant and ear morphological characteristics that contributed substantially to maize yield *** the seven decades,plant and ear height fluctuated with a small increase from the 1950s to 2000s,and then a decrease in the 2010s,while the ear ratio and internodes length below the ear decreased *** angles became significantly more upright,especially for the leaves above the ear,and the leaf area per plant improved *** orientation increased from the 1950s to the 2000s then decreased in the *** size and the anthesis-silking interval were both reduced *** diameter,kernel number,and kernel weight increased from the 1950 to the 2000s,then decreased in the 2010s under the same cultivation *** found that modern maize hybrids have a lower plant height,ear height and ear ratio which increased lodging resistance,a more erect leaf which increased high-density planting tolerance,and smaller ears and kernels which facilitated rapid dehydration during late grain *** morphological selection criteria,which are suitable for mechanized operations,are proposed as the focus for future maize breeding.

关键词： maize yield morphological characteristics breeding direction artificial selection improved maize cultivars mechanized farming

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Effects of Different Row Spacing Cultivation on the Yield of Xichengshu007

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2017年第4期18卷 649-650,659页

作者：唐明双李育明何素兰刘莉莎王梅周全卢黄迎冬南充市农业科学院甘薯研究所国家甘薯改良中心南充分中心四川南充637000

To find the most suitable row spacing, a field experiment with the cultivar of Xichengshu 007 was conducted to investigate the effects of 5 different row spac- ing on changes of yield with planted density at 60 000 plant/hm2. The results showed that the highest yield of fresh root occurred with row spacing of 90 cm, and the lowest yield of fresh root was with row spacing of 75 cm. With the in- crease of row spacing, the yield of fresh root gradually increased, and reached highest yield when it planted the row spacing with 90 cm. However, as the row spacing expanded, the yield of fresh root declined. In a word, it can get a good harvest when set the row spacing of 90 cm in southwest.

关键词： Sweet potato Xichengshu 007 Row spacing Yield mechanized farming

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