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Mismatch between calf paternity and observed copulations between male and female reindeer:Multiple mating in a polygynous ungulate?

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Current Zoology 2023年第4期69卷 377-384页

作者： Keenin R.Coombs Robert B.Weladji Ostein Holand Knut H.Rodc Department of Biology Concordia University7141 Sherbrooke St.WestMontrealQCH4B1R6Canada Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences Norwegian University of Life SciencesOluf Thesens vei 61433ÅsNorway Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Norwegian University of Life SciencesVeterinærbygningenElizabeth Stephansens vei 15N-1430ÅsNorway

In polygynous systems,such as that exhibited by reindeer Rangifer tarandus,mate choice can be difficult to disentangle from male intrasexual competition because male behavior may constrain female *** mating may provide an avenue for female mate choice,though it is difficult to identify using behavioral estimators *** techniques address this issue by affording ecologists an opportunity to reassess mating systems from a genetic *** assessed the frequency and possible explanations for multiple mating in reindeer using a genetic approach to determine the success of observed copulations in a semi-domesticated herd in Kaamanen,*** and genetic data were synthesized with population characteristics over a 7-year period to test the hypothesis that,if present,polyandry in reindeer is driven by sexual harassment from sub-dominant *** observed multiple mating in 42%of females,with as many as 60%exhibiting multiple mating in certain *** found no evidence that multiple mating resulted from sexual harassment by sub-dominant males,suggesting that it is likely a deliberate strategy among *** rate of copulations into paternities varied with male size,with smaller males more likely to experience mismatch than larger *** preference for larger males persisted despite the occurrence of multiple mating,possibly suggesting a mechanism for cryptic post-copulatory *** suggest further research to delineate the possible influence of cryptic post-copulatory selection and multiple mating to defend against infertility in exhausted males.

关键词： female choice mate choice mating systems polyandry reproductive success sexual selection

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Sexual selection in cane toads Rhinella marina： A male＇s body size affects his success and his tactics

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Current Zoology 2013年第6期59卷 747-753页

作者： Haley BOWCOCK Gregory P. BROWN Richard SHINE School of Biological Sciences A08 University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia

Abstract Male body size can play an important role in the mating systems of anuran amphibians. We conducted labora- tory-based trials with cane toads Rhinella （Bufo） marina from an invasive population in the wet-dry tropics of northern Australia, to clarify the effects of a male＇s body size on his reproductive success and behavior （mate choice）. Males were stimulated with a synthetic hormone to induce reproductive readiness. Larger body size enhanced a male toad＇s ability to displace a smaller rival from amplexus, apparently because of physical strength： more force was required to dislodge a larger than a smaller amplectant male. A male＇s body size also affected his mate-choice criteria. Males of all body sizes were as likely to attempt amplexus with another male as with a female of the same size, and preferred larger rather than smaller sexual targets. However, this size prefe- rence was stronger in larger males and hence, amplexus was size-assortative. This pattern broke down when males were given access to already-amplectant male-female pairs： males of all body sizes readily attempted amplexus with the pair, with no size discrimination. An amplectant pair provides a larger visual stimulus, and prolonged amplexus provides a strong cue for sex iden- tification （one of the individuals involved is almost certainly a female）. Thus, a male cane toad＇s body size affects both his ability to defeat rivals in physical struggles over females, and the criteria he uses when selecting potential mates, but the impacts of that selectivity depend upon the context in which mating occurs

关键词： mating systems Size-assortative mating Large-male advantage Anurans Invasive species

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Social biology of rodents

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Integrative Zoology 2007年第4期2卷 193-204页

作者： Jerry O.WOLFF Department of Biology St.Cloud State UniversitySt.CloudMinnesotaUSA

Herein, I summarize some basic components of rodent social biology. The material in this paper is summarized andcondensed from a recent book “Rodent Societies: An Ecological and Evolutionary Perspective” edited by J. *** and P. W. Sherman (2007). I describe the four basic spacing patterns and illustrate how female territoriality isa function of offspring defense and male mating tactics are a function of female defensibility. The vulnerability ofyoung to infanticide shapes female spacing and mating behavior. Food does not appear to be a defensible resourcefor rodents, except for those species that larder hoard nonperishable items such as seeds. Philopatry and theformation of kin groups result in genetic sub-structuring of the population, which in turn affects effectivepopulation size and genetic diversity. Dispersal is male biased and typically involves emigration from the maternalsite to avoid female relatives and to seek unrelated mates. Scent marking is a major form of communication and isused in reproductive competition and to assess prospective mates, but it is also eavesdropped by predators to locateprey. Females do not appear to alter the sex ratio of litters in response to maternal condition but among arvicolinerodents daughters appear to be favored in spring and sons in autumn. Rodents are relatively monomorphic;however, females tend to be larger than males in the smallest species and smaller in the larger species. Predationrisk results from an interaction among foraging time and vulnerability and in turn affects behavioral and life historycharacteristics.

关键词： chemosignals dispersal infanticide mating systems predation risk rodents social behavior

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Breeding biology and antiphonal duetting in a Taiwanese endemic,Steere’s Babbler, Liocichla steerii

Breeding biology and antiphonal duetting in a Taiwanese ende...

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23rd International Ornithological Congress

作者： Herman L.MaysJr. Dept of Biology Auburn University Auburn AL USA

＜正＞ A taxonomically and ecologically varied data set is crucial for testing theories on the evolution of mating system diversity. Yet, despite much information on avian breeding biology from the temperate zone and, to a lesser degree, the neotropics, comparatively little is known about avian mating systems in Old World tropical and subtropical birds. Here we present data on the general breeding biology of an endemic Taiwanese passerine,

关键词： Steere’s Babbler duetting mating systems habitat effects

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