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The virtual lover： variable and easily guided 3D fish animations as an innovative tool inmate-choice experiments with sailfin mollies-I,Design and implementation

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Current Zoology 2017年第1期63卷 55-64页

作者： Klaus MuLLER Jevgen SMIELIK Jan-Marco HOTWOHL Stefanie GIERSZEWSKI Klaudia WITTE Klaus-Dieter KUHNERT Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science Institute of Real-Time Learning Systems University of Siegen HSIderlinstraBe 3 Siegen 57076 Germany Research Group of Ecology and Behavioral Biology Institute of Biology University of Siegen Adolf-Reichwein-Stral~e 2 Siegen 57068 Germany

Animal behavior researchers often face problems regarding standardization and reproducibility oftheir experiments. This has led to the partial substitution of live animals with artificial virtual stim-uli. In addition to standardization and reproducibility, virtual stimuli open new options for re-searchers since they are easily changeable in morphology and appearance, and their behavior canbe defined. In this article, a novel toolchain to conduct behavior experiments with fish is presentedby a case study in sailfin mollies Poecilia latipinna. As the toolchain holds many different and novelfeatures, it offers new possibilities for studies in behavioral animal research and promotes thestandardization of experiments. The presented method includes options to design, animate, andpresent virtual stimuli to live fish. The designing tool offers an easy and user-friendly way to definesize, coloration, and morphology of stimuli and moreover it is able to configure virtual stimuli ran-domly without any user influence. Furthermore, the toolchain brings a novel method to animatestimuli in a semiautomatic way with the help of a game controller. These created swimming pathscan be applied to different stimuli in real time. A presentation tool combines models and swim-ming paths regarding formerly defined playlists, and presents the stimuli onto 2 *** with live sailfin mollies validated the usage of the created virtual 3D fish models inmate-choice experiments.

关键词： computer animation, fish behavior, mate-choice experiment, research tool, virtual fish model.

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The virtual lover： variable and easily guided 3D fish animations as an innovative tool inmate-choice experiments with sailfinmollies-II. Validation

引用

Current Zoology 2017年第1期63卷 65-74页

作者： Stefanie GIERSZEWSKI Klaus MuLLER levgen SMIELIK Jan-Marco HUTWOHL Klaus-Dieter KUHNERT Klaudia WITTE Research Group of Ecology and Behavioral Biology Institute of Biology University of Siegen Adolf-Reichwein- StraBe 2 Siegen 57068 Germany Institute of Real-Time Learning Systems Department of ElectricalEngineering & Computer Science University of Siegen HSIderlinstraBe 3 Siegen 57076 Germany

The use of computer animation in behavioral research is a state-of-the-art method for designing andpresenting animated animals to live test animals. The major advantages of computer animations are：（1） the creation of animated animal stimuli with high variability of morphology and even behavior; （2）animated stimuli provide highly standardized, controlled and repeatable testing procedures; and （3）they allow a reduction in the number of live test animals regarding the 3Rs principle. But the use of ani-mated animals should be attended by a thorough validation for each test species to verify that behaviormeasured with live animals toward virtual animals can also be expected with natural stimuli. Here wepresent results on the validation of a custom-made simulation for animated 3D sailfin mollies Poecilialatipinna and show that responses of live test females were as strong to an animated fish as to a videoor a live male fish. Movement of an animated stimulus was important but female response was stron-ger toward a swimming 3D fish stimulus than to a ＂swimming＂ box. Moreover, male test fish wereable to discriminate between animated male and female stimuli; hence, rendering the animated 3D fisha useful tool in mate-choice experiments with sailfin mollies.

关键词： computer animation, fish behavior, mate-choice experiment, validation, virtual fish model.

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