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The Characteristics of Spinels in mantle-derivedxenoliths in Cenozoic Basalts from Eastern Chinaand Their Thermal States

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 1998年第3期72卷 271-281页

作者： DONG Zhenxin Geological Museum of China XisiBeijing 100034

: The colours and chemical composition variations of 160 spinels in peridotite and pyroxenite xenoliths from Cenozoic basalts in eastern China and their petrogeneses have been studied in detail. The relationships between major elements of spinels are discussed. The equilibrium temperatures, pressures and oxygen fugacities of spinels and their coexisting olivines, orthopyroxenes and clinopyroxenes have been determined using the Brey—kohler's T—P calculation methods (1990) and Ballhaus' fo2 calculation method (1991). The relationships between the composition and the equilibrium temperatures, pressures or oxygen fugacities of spinels in peridotite xenoliths from the basalts and the stable field of the spinels in the upper mantle have been shown.

关键词： Cenozoic basalt mantle-derived xenolith spinel deep-seated mineral

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Rheological Regime of the Upper mantle beneath the Taiwan Strait and Its Tectonic Significance

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 1995年第3期69卷 259-271,340页

作者： H.W.GreenⅡ U яivetsity of California RiuersideC A 92521U.S.A.

This paper deals with deformation textures and fabrics of mantle-derived xenoliths and dislocation microstructures of olivine in the upper mantle in the Penghu Islands, Taiwan. According to the calculation of the chemical composition of xenolith minerals (pyroxene), the equilibrium temperatures and pressures were 986-1116@ and 1.50-2.60 GPa, respectively. Deformation events in the upper mantle may fall into three sequences' (1) uniform steady-state flow deformation with high temperatures and low stresses, (2) shear flow deformation with high temperatures and relatively high stresses on diapiric margins of the upper mantle, and (3) extraction deformation of {110} glide bands with low temperatures and high strain rates. Deformation events and thermal structure of the upper mantle in the study area show that eastern Fujian and the Penghu Islands are characterized by very similar rheological properties of the upper mantle. Volcanism of basalts in the Penghu Islands is related to hot spots of the upper mantle under neath the Taiwan Strait, and diapirism and upwelling of the upper mantle are the dominant factors responsible for rifting of the continental margins in eastern China.

关键词： mantle-derived xenolith high-temperature creep rheology of the upper mantle rifting Penghu Islands

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