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ON man-induced SEDIMENT DISASTERS IN CHINA

International Journal of Sediment Research 2003年第2期 321-330页

作者： De-Sheng JIN ,Chang-Xing SHI ,Hao CHEN ,Ou-Yang ZHANG Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China

man-induced sediment disasters result from sedimentation due to human activities. In this paper classification of the main types and character of man-induced sediment disasters is given. Sediment disasters are characterized as follows: (1) tendency for increased frequency as a function of China抯 geographical zones, (2) non-order characteristics resulting from blind action without special technical training, (3) gradual and sharp changes with human environment change, and (4) complexity and non-linear features. Important factors leading to man-induced sediment disasters include human environment perturbation and lack of education. After sustaining or stabilizing the environment and educating people properly, man-induced sediment disasters can be reduced. There are several effective approaches for implementing this, for instance, strengthening erosion control and sediment management methods, strictly executing the prevailing soil and water conservation law, raising people抯 understanding of the importance of environmental protection through education.

关键词： man-induced Sediment disaster China

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Late holocene man-induced environmental change in central russian plain: paleopedological evidences from early-medieval archaeological site.

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第S1期44卷 159-165页

作者： S.N.SEDOV E.P.ZAZOVSKAYA M.A.BRONNIKOVA A.A.KAZDYM S.Yu.ROZOV Department of Soil Science Lomonosov University Moscow Russia.

Local natural and man-induced environmental changes in the early medievalarchaeological site in the central Russian plain were reconstructed by study of surface and buriedsoil profiles. Natural soils and ecosystems on watersheds were similar to present ones in agreementwith palynological data. In the floodplain there are remains of forest soils and anthropogenichorizons. These formed in ancient urban environments and are buried under recent alluviumindicating that alluvial sedimentation and flood intensities were much less than at present. Ancientman-induced environmental change related to crop growing activity is well documented bypalynological data but corresponding cultivated horizons are found only in few buried profiles,being unstable if left on the surface. Paleopedological signs of the ancient urban environment arevery stable and preserved in surface soils even 1000 years after the settlement stopped functioning.

关键词： Central Russian plain late Holocene anthropogenic soil properties Micromorphology man-induced environmental change

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