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Chinese Medical Journal 2023年第1期136卷 105-107页

作者： Xiaoyu Sun Mai Wang Xiao Li Fan Yang Luxia Zhang National Institute of Health Data Science Peking UniversityBeijing 100191China Advanced Institute of Information Technology Peking UniversityHangzhouZhejiang 311200China Department of Thoracic Surgery Peking University People’s HospitalBeijing 100044China Renal Division Department of MedicinePeking University First HospitalBeijing 100034China

To the Editor:Thymic malignancies refer to a group of malignant tumors that originated from the thymic gland,including thymoma,thymic carcinoma,thymic carcinoid,andmalignancies from other uncommon histological origins... 详细信息

关键词： malignancies diseases Incidence

Immunotherapy for hepatobiliary malignancies:Progress and prospective

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2022年第5期21卷 409-412页

作者： Lun-Xiu Qin Department of General Surgery Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200040China

Hepatobiliary malignancies include hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and biliary tract cancers(BTCs).They are characterized by high heterozygosity,rapid progression,and difflcult to treat[1,2].Recent rapid progress in targeted therapeutic agents has brought new hope for those with advanced HCC[3-5].But there are problems such as lower response rate,or drug resistance(primary or acquired),as well as poor tolerance due to their side-effects,which make this treatment alone still face great challenges.

关键词： biliary malignancies prospective

Clinical risk score for invasive fungal diseases in patients with hematological malignancies undergoing chemotherapy:China Assessment of Antifungal Therapy in Hematological Diseases (CAESAR) study

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Frontiers of Medicine 2019年第3期13卷 365-377页

作者： Ling Wang Ying Wang Jiong Hu Yuqian Sun He Huang Jing Chen Jianyong Li Jun Ma Juan Li Yingmin Liang Jianmin Wang Yan Li Kang Yu Jianda Hu Jie Jin Chun Wang Depei Wu Yang Xiao Xiaojun Huang Blood & Marrow Transplantation Center Department of HematologyCollaborative Innovation Center of HematologyRuijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025China Department of Hematology The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyang 110001China Department of Hematology The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical CollegeWenzhou 325000China Department of Hematology Fujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhou 350001China Department of Hematology The First People's Hospital of ShanghaiShanghai 200080China Department of Hematology The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China Department of Hematology The General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command of PLAGuangzhou 510010China Peking University Institute of Hematology Peking UniversityPeople's HospitalBeijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell TransplantationBeijing 100044China Department of Hematology The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310003China Department of Hematology-Oncology Shanghai Children's Medical CenterShanghai 200127China Department of Hematology Jiangsu Province HospitalNanjing 210029China Harbin Hematologic Tumor Institution Harbin 150010China Department of Hematology The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080China Department of Hematology Tangdu HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an 710032China Department of Hematology Changhai Hospital of the Second Military Medical UniversityShanghai 200082China

Invasive fungal disease (IFD) is a major infectious complication in patients with hematological malignancies.In this study,we examined 4889 courses of chemotherapy in patients with hematological diseases to establish a training dataset (n=3500) by simple random sampling to develop a weighted risk score for proven or probable IFD through multivariate regression,which included the following variables: male patients,induction chemotherapy for newly diagnosed or relapsed disease,neutropenia,neutropenia longer than 10 days,hypoalbuminemia,central-venous catheter,and history of IFD.The patients were classified into three groups,which had low (0-10,~1.2%),intermediate (11-15,6.4%),and high risk (> 15,17.5%) of IFD.In the validation set (n=1389),the IFD incidences of the groups were ~1.4%,5.0%,and 21.4%.In addition,we demonstrated that antifungal prophylaxis offered no benefits in low-risk patients,whereas benefits were documented in intermediate (2.1% vs.6.6%,P=0.007) and high-risk patients (8.4% vs.23.3%,P=0.007).To make the risk score applicable for clinical settings,a pre-chemo risk score that deleted all unpredictable factors before chemotherapy was established,and it confirmed that anti-fungal prophylaxis was beneficial in patients with intermediate and high risk of IFD.In conclusion,an objective,weighted risk score for IFD was developed,and it may be useful in guiding antifungal prophylaxis.

关键词： invasive fungal diseases hematological malignancies chemotherapy risk score prophylaxis

De novo malignancies after liver transplantation: The effect of immunosuppression-personal data and review of literature

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第35期25卷 5356-5375页

作者： Tommaso Maria Manzia Roberta Angelico Carlo Gazia Ilaria Lenci Martina Milana Oludamilola T Ademoyero Domiziana Pedini Luca Toti Marco Spada Giuseppe Tisone Leonardo Baiocchi HPB and Transplant Unit Department of Surgery University of Rome Tor Vergata Rome 00133 Italy Division of Abdominal Transplantation and HPB Surgery Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS Rome 00165 Italy Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine Winston-Salem NC 27101 United States Hepatology and Liver Transplant Unit University of Tor Vergata Rome 00133 Italy

BACKGROUND Immunosuppression has undoubtedly raised the overall positive outcomes in the post-operative management of solid organ transplantation. However, long-term exposure to immunosuppression is associated with critical systemic morbidities. De novo malignancies following orthotopic liver transplants (OLTs) are a serious threat in pediatric and adult transplant individuals. Data from different experiences were reported and compared to assess the connection between immunosuppression and de novo malignancies in liver transplant patients. AIM To study the role of immunosuppression on the incidence of de novo malignancies in liver transplant recipients. METHODS A systematic literature examination about de novo malignancies and immunosuppression weaning in adult and pediatric OLT recipients was described in the present review. Worldwide data were collected from highly qualified institutions performing OLTs. Patient follow-up, immunosuppression discontinuation and incidence of de novo malignancies were reported. Likewise, the review assesses the differences in adult and pediatric recipients by describing the adopted immunosuppression regimens and the different type of diagnosed solid and blood malignancy.RESULTS Emerging evidence suggests that the liver is an immunologically privileged organ able to support immunosuppression discontinuation in carefully selected recipients. malignancies are often detected in liver transplant patients undergoing daily immunosuppression regimens. Post-transplant lymphoproliferative diseases and skin tumors are the most detected de novo malignancies in the pediatric and adult OLT population, respectively. To date, immunosuppression withdrawal has been achieved in up to 40% and 60% of well-selected adult and pediatric recipients, respectively. In both populations, a clear benefit of immunosuppression weaning protocols on de novo malignancies is difficult to ascertain because data have not been specified in most of the clinical experiences. CONCLUSION The selected populations of toleran

关键词： Pediatric liver transplant Immunosuppression weaning Clinical operational tolerance Adult liver transplant Graft rejection Immune system De novo malignancies Immunosuppression minimization Cancer

The application of CAR-T cell therapy in hematological malignancies: advantages and challenges

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2018年第4期8卷 539-551,704页

作者： Zijun Zhao Yu Chen Ngiambudulu M.Francisco Yuanqing Zhang Minhao Wu Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat-sen University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sun Yat-sen University

Chimeric antigen receptor T cell(CAR-T cell) therapy is a novel adoptive immunotherapy where T lymphocytes are engineered with synthetic receptors known as chimeric antigen receptors(CAR).The CAR-T cell is an effector T cell that recognizes and eliminates specific cancer cells, independent of major histocompatibility complex molecules. The whole procedure of CAR-T cell production is not well understood. The CAR-T cell has been used predominantly in the treatment of hematological malignancies,including acute lymphoblastic leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma. Solid tumors including melanoma, breast cancer and sarcoma offer great promise in CAR-T cell research and development. CD19 CAR-T cell is most commonly used, and other targets, including CD20, CD30, CD38 and CD138 are being studied. Although this novel therapy is promising, there are several disadvantages. In this review we discuss the applications of CAR-T cells in different hematological malignancies, and pave a way for future improvement on the effectiveness and persistence of these adoptive cell therapies.

关键词： Chimeric antigen receptor T cell Clinical applications Immunotherapy malignancies

Efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of gastrointestinal malignancies

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2020年第4期12卷 365-382页

作者： Jian-Nan Li Wei Li Lan-Qing Cao Ning Liu Kai Zhang Department of General Surgery The Second Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130041Jilin ProvinceChina Department of Pathology The Second Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130041Jilin ProvinceChina Department of Central Laboratory The Second Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130041Jilin ProvinceChina

Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs),which are a kind of stem cell,possess an immune privileged nature,tumour homing features,and multi-lineage differentiation ability.MSCs have been studied in many fields,such as tissue engineering,nervous system diseases,and cancer treatment.In recent years,an increasing number of researchers have focused on the effects of MSCs on various kinds of tumours.However,the concrete anticancer efficacy of MSCs is still controversial.Gastrointestinal(GI)malignancies are the major causes of cancerrelated death worldwide.The interactions of MSCs and GI cancer cells in specific conditions have attracted increasing attention.In this review,we introduce the characteristics of MSCs and analyse the effects of MSCs on GI malignancies,including gastric cancer,hepatoma,pancreatic cancer,and colorectal cancer.In addition,we also provide our perspectives on why MSCs may play different roles in GI malignancies and further research directions to increase the treatment efficacy of MSCs on GI malignancies.

关键词： Mesenchymal stem cells Gastrointestinal malignancies Gastric cancer Hepatoma Pancreatic cancer Colorectal cancer

Application of robot-assisted laparoscopic pelvic exenteration in treating gynecologic malignancies

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Chinese Medical Journal 2019年第8期132卷 976-979页

作者： Qi-Yu Yang Jun-Ying Tang Department of Gynecology The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400000China.

Introduction Pelvic exenteration(PE)refers to the en bloc resection of the involved pelvic organs along with pelvic reconstruction so as to enhance the survival rate for tumor patients.First reported by Brunschwig in 1948,[1]PE has thereafter been utilized to treat rectal cancer,bladder cancer,prostate cancer,and cervical cancer as a curative or palliative treatment for advanced or recurrent malignancies.It is critical to carry out surgical resection of all the involved tumor lesions so as to prolong the overall survival(OS)of patients;nonetheless,such medical manipulation will induce various complications.For patients undergoing radiotherapy in the initial treatment,the increased tissue fragility,together with inflammation,has become trouble intraoperatively.

关键词： gynecologic malignancies robot-assisted laparoscopic pelvic exenteration Pelvic exenteration(PE)

Identification of NOXA as a pivotal regulator of resistance to CAR T-cell therapy in B-cell malignancies

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第5期7卷 1634-1643页

作者： Xin Yan Deyun Chen Yao Wang Yelei Guo Chuan Tong Jianshu Wei Yajing Zhang Zhiqiang Wu Weidong Han School of Medicine Nankai UniversityTianjinChina Department of Bio-therapeutic the First Medical CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina

Despite the remarkable success of chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)T-cell therapy for treating hematologic malignancies,resistance and recurrence still occur,while the markers or mechanisms underlying this resistance remain poorly understood.Here,via an unbiased genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 screening,we identified loss of NOXA,a B-cell lymphoma 2(BCL2)family protein in B-cell malignancies,as a pivotal regulator of resistance to CAR T-cell therapy by impairing apoptosis of tumor cells both in vitro and in vivo.Notably,low NOXA expression in tumor samples was correlated with worse survival in a tandem CD19/20 CAR T clinical trial in relapsed/refractory B-cell lymphoma.

关键词： CRISPR/Cas9 NOXA malignancies

Prenatal and perinatal risk factors for solid childhood malignancies: A questionnaire-based study

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Pediatric Investigation 2018年第2期2卷 107-113页

作者： Sihui Li Siyu Cai Cheng Huang Xi Chai Xindi Wang Xisi Wang Wen Zhao Xiaolu Nie Xiaoxia Peng Xiaoli Ma Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology National Discipline of Pediatrics Ministry of Education MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in ChildrenHematology Oncology CenterBeijing Children's Hospital Capital Medical University National Center for Children's Health Beijing China National Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-based Medicine Beijing Children's Hospital Capital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children's Health Beijing China

Importance:Childhood solid tumors account for the highest proportion of childhood cancers and are one of the leading causes of death in childhood.However,their pathogenesis is unclear.Objective:To explore prenatal and perinatal risk factors for solid malignancies in children.Methods:We enrolled 71 consecutive pediatric patients (44 boys and 27 girls;median age,30 months) with solid tumors who were diagnosed and treated at our center from January 2013 to December 2016 as the case group.We also enrolled 211 age-and residence-matched healthy children (ratio of approximately 3:1 with the case group) as the control group.We conducted a questionnaire-based survey with the parents of these 282 children.Univariate and multivariate conditional logistic regression analyses of the collected data were performed.Results:Confirmed solid malignancies included neuroblastoma (n =32),rhabdomyosarcoma (n =18),retinoblastoma (n =7),renal tumors (n =3),and other tumors (n =11).Risk factors for solid childhood tumors in the univariate analysis were the parents' age,gravidity,parity,abortion history,vaginal bleeding,family history of malignancy,and prenatal use of folic acid or hematinics/iron supplements (P ＜ 0.05),and those in the multivariate analysis were higher parity (odds ratio [OR],2.482;95％ confidence interval [CI],1.521-4.048),family history of malignancy (OR,3.667;95％ CI,1.679-8.009),and prenatal use of hematinics/iron supplements (OR,2.882;95％ CI,1.440-5.767).In contrast,use of prenatal folic acid was protective (OR,0.334;95％ CI,0.160-0.694).Interpretation:A family history of malignancy,use of prenatal hematinics/iron supplements,and higher parity are risk factors for solid childhood tumors,whereas use of prenatal folic acid is a protective factor.

关键词： Case-control study Children Maternal Perinatal Risk factors Solid malignancies

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Multiple primary malignancies: a report of two cases

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Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2014年第2期26卷 215-218页

作者： Minas Sakellakis Stavros Peroukides Gregoris Iconomou Sotirios Boumpoucheropoulos Haralabos Kalofonos Division of Oncology Department of Medicine University Hospital of Patras

The diagnosis of multiple primary malignancies （MPMs） in a patient has been reported rather frequently during the past decade. Here we present two cases with three synchronous primary malignant tumors. The first patient is a 66-year-old male with synchronous colorectal cancer, renal cell carcinoma （RCC） and non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC）. The second patient is a 64-year-old female with breast cancer, transitional cell carcinoma of the ureter and endometrial cancer. MPMs seem to be diagnosed in a higher incidence than that predicted only by the influence of hazard and, whenever found, they raise questions regarding not only possible common etiologic factors or same pathogenetic mechanisms but also they cause a lot of troubles to both clinicians and patients because the therapeutic options usually become limited.

关键词： Multiple primary malignancies synchronous metachronous