Background:The rapid and unplanned urbanization of African cities is considered to increase the risk of urban malaria transmission.The present study objective was to assess factors influencing the spatio-temporal dist...
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Background:The rapid and unplanned urbanization of African cities is considered to increase the risk of urban malaria transmission.The present study objective was to assess factors influencing the spatio-temporal distribution of Anopheles gombioe s.***.larvae in the city of Yaounde,Cameroon.Methods:All water bodies were checked once every 2 months for the presence of mosquito larvae from March 2017 to May 2018 in 32 distrias of Yaounde.Physico-chemical characteristics including the size,depth,turbidity,pH,temperature,conductivity,sulfates,organophosphates,hydrogen peroxide(H2O2),conductivity,iron and calcium were recorded and analyzed according to anopheline larvae presence or absence.High resolution satellite images from landsat sentinel Enhanced Thematic Mapper were used for spatial mapping of both field and environmental variables.Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to identify variables closely associated with anopheline larvae distribution.Results:A total of 18696 aquatic habitats were checked and only 2942 sites(15.7%)contained anopheline larvae.A high number of sites with anopheline larvae(>69%)presented late instar larvae(L3,L4 and pupae).Anopheline mosquito larvae were sampled from a variety of breeding sites including puddles(51.6%),tire prints(12.9%),wells(11.7%)and drains(11.3%).Bivariate logistic regression analyses associated anopheline larvae presence with the absence of predators,absence of algae,absence of vegetation and depth of less than 1 m.Conductivity,turbidity,organophosphates,H2O2 and temperature were significantly high in breeding sites with anopheline larvae than in breeding sites without these larvae(P<0.1).Anopheline species colleaed included An.coluzzii(91.1%)and An.gombioe s.s.(8.9%).GIS mapping indicated a heterogeneous distribution of anopheline breeding habitats in the city of Yaounde.Land cover analysis indicated high variability of the city of Yaounde's landscape.Conclusions:The data confirms adaptation of An.gombioe s.***.to the urban domain in the city
疟疾是世界上主要的传染病之一,在全世界人群中具有很高的发病率和致病率,全球受疟疾威胁的人口超过30亿。WHO公布的《2010年世界疟疾报告》中指出在全球有106个流行疟疾的国家和地区,2009年全球约有2.43亿疟疾病例,导致约78.1万人死亡(The World malaria Report 2010)。
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