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Decomposition of Surface-Applied and Soil-Incorporated Bt maize Leaf Litter and Cry1Ab Protein During Winter Fallow in South Africa

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Pedosphere 2014年第2期24卷 251-257页

作者： A.KAMOTA P.MUCHAONYERWA P.N.S.MNKENI Department of Crop Science Bindura University of Science Education School of Agricultural Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of KwaZulu-Natal Department of Agronomy University of Fort Hare

Unintended effects of genetic modification on chemical composition of Bt maize leaf litter may have impacts on its decomposition. In most agricultural systems in South Africa, maize litter is either left on the soil surface or incorporated into the soil during tillage. A litterbag experiment, using leaf litter of three maize hybrids （DKC80-12B, DKC80-10 and DKC6-125）, was carried out at the University of Fort Hare Research Farm, South Africa, to determine the effects of genetic modification on decomposition of maize leaf litter when left on the soil surface under field conditions between July and November, the normal fallow period, in 2008. Another litterbag experiment was conducted at the University of Fort Hare Research Farm and Zanyokwe Irrigation Scheme, South Africa, using leaf ~itter of two maize hybrids genetically modified with the erylAb gene （MONS10）, DKC75-15B and PAN6Q-3OSB, and their corresponding near isolines, CRN3505 and PAN6Q-121. The degradation of CrylAb protein in the litter, both surface-applied and soil-incorporated, was also investigated. Decomposition of Bt maize litter was similar to that of non-Bt maize litter both when applied on the surface and when incorporated into soil. Soil-incorporated litter, as well as its CrylAb protein, decomposed faster than that applied on the surface. The leaf litter C：N ratios of PAN6Q-308B and PAN6Q-121 were similar throughout the study, whereas those of DKC75-15B and CRN3505 declined by similar amounts during a 12-week period. These findings suggested that decomposition of leaf litter of Bt maize, with the MON810 event, was not affected by maize genetic modification, and that the CrylAb protein broke down together with plant leaf litter during the winter fallow regardless of whether the litter was applied on the soil surface or incorporated into soil.

关键词： genetic modification litterbag experiment maize hybrid MON810 event protein degradation

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Effect of Fertilizing Level and Planting Densities on Yield and Nitrogen Utilization in maize

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2015年第3期16卷 504-509页

作者：谭华邹成林郑德波黄爱花莫润秀韦新兴吴永升蒋维萍韦慧黄开健广西农业科学院玉米研究所广西南宁530227

Elite maize hybrid Guidan0810 was selected as material, and the effects of fertilizing level and planting densities on yield and nitrogen utilization were dis- cussed in the study. In field experiments as per double-cropping system, 4 main plots （fertilization levels） and 6 subplots （planting densities） were set in a split plot design. The results suggested that yield had close relationship with fertilization levels and planting densities. Different fertilization levels and planting densities significantly affected yield. With the increase of nitrogen fertilization, nitrogen use efficiency, nitrogen agronomic efficiency and nitrogen physiological efficiency declined. Under the same fertilization level, nitrogen use efficiency, nitrogen agronomic efficiency and nitrogen physiological efficiency grew a little with the increase of planting density, so nitrogen efficiency could be improved by regulating planting density. The results also showed that A2 （including N 225.0 kg/hm2, P205 75.0 kg/hm^2, K20 187.5 kg/hm^2） matching to B3 （52 500 plants/hm^2） or B4（60 000 plants/hm^2） was a better design, which could obtain a higher yield in the range of 7 913.2-8 207.8 kg/hm2, respectively.

关键词： maize hybrid Fertilizing level Planting density Effects

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玉米新品种聊玉18号生育特点及关键栽培技术

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园艺与种苗 2001年第6期21卷 55-55页

作者：吴明泉侯廷荣张桂阁李学杰曹修才张新山东省聊城市农业科学研究所山东省聊城市农业科学研究所山东聊城252058

聊玉18号是聊城市农业科学研究所玉米研究室最新育成的高产、中早熟、多抗性玉米新品种.2001年4月通过山东省农作物品种审定委员会审定.定名为聊玉18号.可在山东省及气候相似地区推广应用.1生育特点1.1中秆大穗聊玉18号属中秆品种,前期... 详细信息

聊玉18号是聊城市农业科学研究所玉米研究室最新育成的高产、中早熟、多抗性玉米新品种.2001年4月通过山东省农作物品种审定委员会审定.定名为聊玉18号.可在山东省及气候相似地区推广应用.1生育特点1.1中秆大穗聊玉18号属中秆品种,前期长势强,幼苗茁壮;成株株型紧凑.株高242.6 cm,穗位高105.5cm,穗长18.7 cm,穗粗4.80 cm,穗行数14～16行,行粒数34粒,穗粒数达516粒.1.2粒大轴细聊玉 18号的一个显著特点是粒大,出籽率高.根据两年省区试结果,聊玉18号千粒重高达345.7 g,出籽率88%,均较参试其他品种高.

关键词：玉米新品种聊玉生育特点关键栽培技术 maize hybrid 农作物品种审定山东省推广应用气候相似穗粒数科学研究城市农业中早熟委员会穗行数穗位高多抗性株型株高育成

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