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Experimental study on specific grinding energy and particle size distribution of maize grain,stover and cob

International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2020年第4期13卷 135-142页

作者： Jun Fu Zhao Xue Zhi Chen Luquan Ren Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering Ministry of EducationJilin UniversityChangchun 130022China College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering Jilin UniversityChangchun 130022China Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences Beijing 100083China

Reducing the particle size of biomass is of great significance for rational and efficient utilization of *** this study,maize grain,stover,and cob were comminuted at different speeds(2000-2800 r/min)by hammer mill with a mesh size of 2.8 *** mechanical energy for smashing three selected samples was obtained directly through the sensor and data testing *** results demonstrated that the maize cob had the highest total specific energy while the maize grain had the lowest(135.83-181.10 kW·h/t and 27.08-36.23 kW·h/t,respectively).In addition,for the same material,higher hammer mill speed generated more specific energy *** the effective specific energy of maize stover had a similar trend to the total specific ***,the effective specific grinding energy of maize cob and grain increased initially and then decreased with the increase of rotating *** fitting curves of the specific energy to mill speeds were determined,and the range of determination coefficients of the regression equation was *** size distribution curves were drawn by sieving the pulverized particles of the three samples based on a series of standard *** relevant parameters characterizing the particle size distribution were calculated according to the screening *** results demonstrated that larger rotational speed leads to smaller particle *** the size parameters,distribution parameters,and shape parameters,it was found that the distributions of the three samples all exhibit a distribution of“well-graded fine-skewed mesokurtic”.The Rosin-Rammler function was considered to be suitable for characterizing the particle size distribution of maize grain,stover,and cob particles with a coefficient of determination between 0.930 and 0.992.

关键词： maize grain maize stover maize cob specific energy particle size distribution comminution

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Influences of moisture content and compressive loading speed on the mechanical properties of maize grain orientations

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2021年第5期14卷 41-49页

作者： Farman Ali Chandio Yaoming Li Zheng Ma Fiaz Ahmad Tabinda Naz Syed Sher Ali Shaikh Mazhar Hussain Tunio School of Agricultural Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212000JiangsuChina Faculty of Agricultural Engineering Sindh Agriculture UniversityTandojam 70060SindhPakistan College of Engineering Nanjing Agriculture UniversityNanjing 210044China Department of Agricultural Engineering Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan 60800Pakistan

Determination of the mechanical properties(rupture force,deformation,hardness,and toughness)of maize grain could be a significant concern for designing the harvester,thresher,and handling,processing,and storage ***,the present research was conducted to assess the vertical and lateral rupture force,deformation,hardness,and toughness of maize grain(Beijing Denong,Lianchuang,Suyu 20,Liyu 88 and Suyu 29)influenced by different moisture contents(11.2%,17.5%,and 21.3%)and compressive loading speeds(5,10,15,20,and 25 mm/min,respectively).Besides,the mean length,width,thickness,geometric mean diameter,equivalent diameter,arithmetic diameter,sphericity,grain volume,surface area,and aspect ratio of the selected varieties were *** results showed that the highest length,width,thickness and sphericity,grain volume,surface area,and aspect ratio were obtained at moisture of 21.3%,whereas the lowest was at 11.2%.Moreover,it was observed that as increasing the loading speed from 5 to 25 mm/min,the vertical and lateral rupture forces ***,as increasing moisture contents from 11.2%to 21.3%,the vertical and lateral rupture forces,hardness,and toughness decreased ***,the maximum correlation(R2=0.9957)between rupture force and loading speed was found for Liyu 88 at moisture of 17.5%and minimum correlation(R2=0.7002)was found for Suyu 29 at moisture of 11.2%.Moreover,the highest lateral and vertical rupture force was noticed(pmaize grain evaluated were relevant to the design of planter,harvesters,thrashers,and processing machine.

关键词： maize grain moisture content compressive loading speeds mechanical properties orientation

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In-field harvest loss of mechanically-harvested maize grain and affecting factors in China

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2021年第1期14卷 29-37页

作者： Liangyu Hou Keru Wang Yizhou Wang Lulu Li Bo Ming Ruizhi Xie Shaokun Li The Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-Agriculture Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps/Agricultural CollegeShihezi UniversityShihezi 832000XinjiangChina Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and EcologyMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing 100081China

Field harvest loss is a common problem of maize grain mechanical harvesting in China and *** 2012 to 2019,2987 groups of samples for the quality of mechanical grain harvesting in field were obtained in 21 major maize-producing provinces,cities,and regions of *** analysis performed in this study showed that the average harvest loss of fallen ears was equivalent to 76.5%of the total harvest loss,indicating that the harvest loss in the mechanical harvesting of maize grain mainly came from the loss of fallen ***,statistical analysis of the harvest loss in different ranges of grain moisture contents showed that,when the grain moisture content fell below 20%,the harvest loss rate of fallen ears and the total harvest loss rate both increased sharply,and the harvest loss of fallen ears increased faster than the harvest loss of fallen grain with a decreasing grain moisture ***,the results of multi-point experiments and harvest experiments in different periods showed that,during harvesting time,the harvest loss of fallen ears caused by lodging was the main reason for in-field harvest losses in the mechanical harvesting of maize *** from the above mentioned,the test results of 35 groups of harvesters for the in-field mechanical harvesting of maize grain showed that the harvester types and their operating parameters were important factors affecting the harvest loss in the mechanical harvesting of maize ***,the principal paths to reduce harvest loss in the mechanical harvesting of maize grain are to breed lodging-resistant maize varieties,adopt reasonable planting densities,cultivate healthy plants,develop harvesters with low harvesting loss,intensify the training of operators,and harvest at an appropriate time.

关键词： maize grain mechanical harvest harvest losses affecting factors fallen ears fallen grain

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Effects of processing maize grains and soyabean on rumen fermentation and development of Holstein bull calves

Effects of processing maize grains and soyabean on rumen fer...

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The Ⅶ International Symposium on the Nutrition of Herbivores(ISNH-7)

作者： Y.Q.Zhang X.Z.Deng Z.M.Zhou L.P.Ren Q.X.Meng~1 State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Beef Cattle Research Center and College of Animal Science and Technology China Agricultural University Beoing 100094 P.R.China

＜正＞A feeding trial using 12 Holstein bull calves（21±3 d）was conducted to investigate the effect of different processed maize grain and full fat soyabean included in the starter diets on their rumen fermentation and *** treatment starter diets contained different processed maize grain and soyabean:steam-flaked maize and soyabean（SFMS）,extruded maize and soyabean （EMS）,and ground maize and raw soyabean（GMS）.During 10-week trial,total rumen VFA concentration tended to be influenced by different processing methods at wk 6 and 9（P＜0.10）. The molar proportion of butyrate for calves receiving SFMS starter diets was higher than that of EMS and GMS starter diets（P＜0.05）at wk 5 and *** papillae development characteristics expressed by papilla length,papilla width and rumen wall thickness were remarkably different among treatment starter diets（P＜0.05）.

关键词： calves processing maize grain full fat soyabean rumen development

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Comparing kernel damage of different threshing components using high-speed cameras

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2020年第6期13卷 215-219页

作者： Zheng Ma Min Han Yaoming Li Shuncheng Yu Farman Ali Chandio Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology Ministry of EducationHigh-tech Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment and Intelligence of Jiangsu ProvinceSchool of Agricultural Equipment and EngineeringJiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013JiangsuChina Sindh Agriculture University Faculty of Agricultural EngineeringTandojamSindhPakistan

grain damage research has been a focus of many experts in the agriculture machinery industry.A threshing test-bed was developed to investigate the movement and influence of different threshing and separating units on maize *** damage to maize grains was analyzed with a high-speed camera to observe the movement and damage received by the maize *** results showed that the threshing and separating effects of the perforated concave plate were obviously lower than that of the round steel concave plate,the threshing effects of the rigid rasp bar and polyurethane rasp bar were similar,and the damage ratio of the polyurethane rasp bar was relatively *** also indicated that moisture content has a significant effect on the damage ratio and damage type of maize *** different threshing component types used in this study had an obvious effect on the degree of damage to high moisture content maize grains and the damage to high-moisture kernels during threshing could be further *** results can provide a reference for the design of threshing and separating devices in the maize combine harvesting machinery.

关键词： maize grain damage threshing process high-speed camera

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