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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第4期18卷 103-110页

作者： Mathias Fessler Qingxian Su Marlene Mark Jensen Yifeng Zhang Department of Environmental and Resource Engineering Technical University of DenmarkCopenhagenDK-2800Denmark

magnetotactic bacteria reside in sediments and stratified water columns.They are named after their ability to synthesize internal magnetic particles that allow them to align and swim along the Earth’s magnetic field lines.Here,we show that two magnetotactic species,Magnetospirillum magneticum strain AMB-1 and Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense strain MSR-1,are electroactive.Both M.magneticum and M.gryphiswaldense were able to generate current in microbial fuel cells with maximum power densities of 27 and 11μW/m^(2),respectively.In the presence of the electron shuttle resazurin both species were able to reduce the crystalline iron oxide hematite(Fe_(2)O_(3)).In addition,M.magneticum could reduce poorly crystalline iron oxide(FeOOH).Our study adds M.magneticum and M.gryphiswaldense to the growing list of known electroactive bacteria,and implies that electroactivity might be common for bacteria within the Magnetospirillum genus.

关键词： magnetotactic bacteria Magnetospirillum magneticum Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense Extracellular electron transfer Microbial fuel cells

Key gene networks that control magnetosome biomineralization in magnetotactic bacteria

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National Science Review 2023年第1期10卷 166-177页

作者： Peiyu Liu Yue Zheng Rongrong Zhang Jinling Bai Kelei Zhu Karim Benzerara Nicolas Menguy Xiang Zhao Andrew P.Roberts Yongxin Pan Jinhua Li Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics Institute of Geology and GeophysicsInnovation Academy for Earth ScienceChinese Academy of Sciences Laboratory for Marine Geology Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science College of the Environment and Ecology Xiamen University Sorbonne Université UMR CNRS 7590MNHN IRD Institut de Minéralogie de Physique des Matériaux et de CosmochimieIMPMC Research School of Earth Sciences Australian National University

magnetotactic bacteria(MTB) are a group of phylogenetically and morphologically diverse prokaryotes that have the capability of sensing Earth’s magnetic field via nanocrystals of magnetic iron minerals.These crystals are enclosed within intracellular membranes or organelles known as magnetosomes and enable a sensing function known as magnetotaxis.Although MTB were discovered over half a century ago,the study of the magnetosome biogenesis and organization remains limited to a few cultured MTB strains.Here,we present an integrative genomic and phenomic analysis to investigate the genetic basis of magnetosome biomineralization in both cultured and uncultured strains from phylogenetically diverse MTB groups.The magnetosome gene contents/networks of strains are correlated with magnetic particle morphology and chain configuration.We propose a general model for gene networks that control/regulate magnetosome biogenesis and chain assembly in MTB systems.

关键词： magnetotactic bacteria magnetosome biomineralization chain assembly gene networks integrative genomics and phenomics

magnetotactic bacteria:Characteristics and environmental applications

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2020年第4期14卷 3-16,F0004页

作者： Xinjie Wang Yang Li Jian Zhao Hong Yao Siqi Chu Zimu Song Zongxian He Wen Zhang State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation School of EnvironmentBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China John A.Reif Jr.Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringNew Jersey Institute of TechnologyNewarkNJ 07102USA Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard Beijing International Cooperation Base for Science and Technology on Antibiotics/Resistance Genes Water Environmental Pollution Control TechnologySchool of Civil EngineeringBeijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China

magnetotactic bacteria(MTB)are a group of Gram-negative prokaryotes that respond to the geomagnetic field.This unique property is attributed to the intracellular magnetosomes,which contains membrane-bound nanocrystals of magnetic iron minerals.This review summarizes the most recent advances in MTB,magnetosomes,and their potential applications especially the environmental pollutant control or remediation.The morphologic and phylogenetic diversity of MTB were first introduced,followed by a critical review of isolation and cultivation methods.Researchers have devoted to optimize the factors,such as oxygen,carbon source,nitrogen source,nutrient broth,iron source,and mineral elements for the growth of MTB.Besides the applications of MTB in modem biological and medical fields,little attention was made on the environmental applications of MTB for wastewater treatment,which has been summarized in this review.For example,applications of MTB as adsorbents have resulted in a novel magnetic separation technology for removal of heavy metals or organic pollutants in wastewater.In addition,we summarized the current advance on pathogen removal and detection of endocrine disruptor which can inspire new insights toward sustainable engineering and practices.Finally,the new perspectives and possible directions for future studies are recommended,such as isolation of MTB.genetic modification of MTB for mass production and new environmental applications.The ultimate objective of this review is to promote the applications of MTB and magnetosomes in the environmental fields.

关键词： magnetotactic bacteria Magnetosome Heavy metal Radionuclide Organic pollutants

magnetotactic bacteria from the human gut microbiome associated with orientation and navigation regions of the brain

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2021年第6期39卷 2044-2052页

作者： Rozalyn A.SIMON Purnika Damindi RANASINGHE Nawroz BARAZANJI Malin Bergman JUNGESTRÖM Jie XU Olga BEDNARSKA Lena SERRANDER Maria ENGSTRÖM Dennis A.BAZYLINSKI Åsa V.KEITA Susanna WALTER Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization(CMIV) Linköping UniversityLinköping 58183Sweden Department of Health Medicineand Caring SciencesLinköping UniversityLinköping 58183Sweden Division of Infection and Infl ammation Department of Biomedical and Clinical SciencesLinköping UniversityLinköping 58183Sweden Institute of Global Food Security School of Biological SciencesQueen’s University BelfastBelfast BT95DLUnited Kingdom School of Life Sciences University of Nevada at Las VegasLas VegasNevada 89154USA Division of Surgery Orthopedics and OncologyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental MedicineLinköping UniversityLinköping 58183Sweden

magnetotactic bacteria(MTB),ubiquitous in soil and fresh and saltwater sources have been identified in the microbiome of humans and many animals.MTB endogenously produce magnetic nanocrystals enabling them to orient and navigate along geomagnetic fields.Similar magnetite deposits have been found throughout the tissues of the human brain,including brain regions associated with orientation such as the cerebellum and hippocampus,the origins of which remain unknown.Speculation over the role and source of MTB in humans,as well as any association with the brain,remain unanswered.We performed a metagenomic analysis of the gut microbiome of 34 healthy females as well as grey matter volume analysis in magnetite-rich brain regions associated with orientation and navigation with the goal of identifying specific MTB that could be associated with brain structure in orientation and navigation regions.We identified seven MTB in the human gut microbiome:Magnetococcus marinus,Magnetospira sp.QH-2,Magnetospirillum magneticum,Magnetospirillum sp.ME-1,Magnetospirillum sp.XM-1,Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense,and Desulfovibrio magneticus.Our preliminary results show significant negative associations between multiple MTB with bilateral flocculonodular lobes of the cerebellum and hippocampus(adjusted for total intracranial volume,uncorrected Pbacteria,magnetite concentrations,and brain function.

关键词： magnetotactic bacteria human microbiome microbiota-gut-brain axis magnetoreception

Dynamic Model and Motion Mechanism of magnetotactic bacteria with Two Lateral Flagellar Bundles

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2012年第2期9卷 200-210页

作者： Cenyu Yang Chuanfang Chen Qiufeng Ma Longfei Wu Tao Song Institute of Electrical Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China France-China Bio-Mineralization and Nano-Structures Laboratory Beoing 1 00193 P. R. China Laboratoire de Chimie Bacterienne UPR9043 Universite de la Mediterranee lnstitut de Microbiologie de la Mediterranee CNRS F-13402 Marseille Cedex 20 France

magnetotactic bacteria （MTB） propel themselves by rotating their flagella and swim along the magnetic field lines. To analyze the motion of MTB, MTB magneto-ovoid strain MO-1 cells, each with two bundles of flagella, were taken as research object. The six-degrees-of-freedom （6-DoF） dynamic model of MO-1 was established based on the Newton-Euler dynamic equations. In particular, the interaction between the flagellum and fluid was considered by the resistive force theory. The simulated motion trajectory of MTB was found to consist of two kinds of helices： small helices restilting from the imbalance of force due to flagellar rotation, and large helices arising from the different directions of the rotation axis of the cell body and the propulsion axis of the flagellum. The motion behaviours of MTB in various magnetic fields were studied, and the simulation results agree well with the experiment results. In addition, the rotation frequency of the flagella was estimated at 1100 Hz, which is consistent with the average rotation rate for Na^＋-driven flagellar motors. The included angle of the magnetosome chain was predicted at 40° that is located within 20° to 60° range of the observed results. The results indicate the correctness of the dynamic model, which may aid research on the operation and control of MTB-propelled micro-actuators. Meanwhile, the motion behaviours of MTB may inspire the development of micro-robots with new driving mechanisms.

关键词： magnetotactic bacteria dynamic model resistive force theory motion mechanism

Morphological and phylogenetic diversity of magnetotactic bacteria and multicellular magnetotactic prokaryotes from a mangrove ecosystem in the Sanya River,South China

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2021年第6期39卷 2015-2026页

作者： Haitao CHEN Jinhua LI Long-Fei WU Wei-Jia ZHANG Beijing Key Laboratory of Biological Electromagnetism Institute of Electrical EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China France-China Joint Laboratory for Evolution and Development of magnetotactic Multicellular Organisms Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Deep-Sea Microbial Cell Biology Department of Deep Sea SciencesInstitute of Deep-Sea Science and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesSanya 572000China Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China LCB Aix Marseille UniversityCNRSMarseille 13402France

magnetotactic bacteria(MTB)are morphologically and phylogenetically diverse prokaryotes commonly able to produce magnetic nanocrystals within intracellular membrane-bound organelles(i.e.,magnetosomes)and to swim along geomagnetic field lines.We studied the diversity of MTB in the samples collected from a mangrove area in the Sanya River,Hainan,South China,using microscopic and microbial phylogenetic methods.Results of microanalysis and observation in microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDXS)reveal a highly morphological diversity of MTB including unicellular cocci,vibrios,rod-shaped bacteria,and three morphotypes of multicellular magnetotactic prokaryotes(MMPs).In addition,analysis of the 16S rRNA gene showed that these MTB were clustered into 16 operational taxonomic units affi liated to the Alpha-,Delta-,and Gamma-proteobacteria classes within the Proteobacteria phylum.Meanwhile,by using the coupled fluorescence and transmission electron microscopy analysis,rodshaped bacteria,vibrio,and cocci were phylogenetically and structurally identified at the single-cell level.This study demonstrated highly diverse MTB communities in the mangrove ecosystem and provide a new insight into the overall diversity of MTB.

关键词： magnetotactic bacteria diversity magnetosome phylogenetic analysis coordinated fl uorescence in-situ hybridization transmission electron microscopy(FISH-TEM) mangrove

Release the iron: does the infection of magnetotactic bacteria by phages play a role in making iron available in aquatic environments?

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2021年第6期39卷 2063-2069页

作者： Igor TAVEIRA Dennis ABAZYLINSKI Fernanda ABREU Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes Departamento de Microbiologia GeralUniversidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro 21941-902Brazil School of Life Sciences University of Nevada at Las VegasLas Vegas 94720USA

magnetotactic bacteria(MTB)are ubiquitous prokaryotes that orient along magnetic field lines due to magnetosomes’biomineralization within the cell.These structures are ferrimagnetic organelles that impart a magnetic moment to the cell.To succeed in producing magnetosomes,MTB accumulate iron in(i)cytoplasm;(ⅱ)magnetosomes;and(ⅲ)nearby the organelle.It has already been estimated that a single MTB has an iron content of 10 to 100-fold higher than Escherichia coli.Phages are the most abundant entity in oceans and are known for controlling nutrient flow such as carbon and nitrogen by viral shunt and pump.The current work addresses the putative role of phages that infect MTB on the iron biogeochemical cycle.Can phage infection in MTB hosts cause a biogenic iron fertilization-like event in localized microenvironments?Are phages critical players in driving magnetosome biomineralization genes(BGs)horizontal transfer?Further investigation of those events,including frequency of occurrence,is necessary to fully comprehend MTB’s effect on iron cycling in aqueous environments.

关键词： horizontal gene transfer iron biogeochemical cycle magnetotactic bacteria magnetosome biomineralization genes phages

Observations on a magnetotactic bacteria-grazing ciliate in sediment from the intertidal zone of Huiquan Bay,China

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2021年第6期39卷 2053-2062页

作者： Si CHEN Kaixuan CUI Wenyan ZHANG Yicong ZHAO Tian XIAO Hongmiao PAN Wuchang ZHANG Long-Fei WU CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)Qingdao 266237China Center for Ocean Mega-Science Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China International Associated Laboratory of Evolution and Development of magnetotactic Multicellular Organisms(LIA-MagMC) CNRS-CASQingdao 266071China Aix Marseille Univ CNRSLCBIM2BIMMMarseille 13009France

magnetotactic bacteria(MTB)are a group of prokaryotes having the ability to orient and swim along geomagnetic field lines because they contain intracellular magnetosomes that are synthesized through a biomineralization process.Magnetosomes have recently also been found in unicellular eukaryotes,which are referred to as magnetically responsive protists(MRPs).The magnetosomes have three origins in MRPs.In this study,we characterized a MTB-grazing ciliated MRP that was magnetically collected from intertidal sediment of Huiquan Bay,Qingdao,China.Based on 18S rRNA gene sequence analysis,the ciliated MRP was tentatively identified as Uronemella parafi lificum HQ.Using transmission electron microscopy,we observed that magnetosomes having 2-3 shapes were randomly distributed within this ciliate.Energydispersive X-ray spectroscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy images of the magnetosomes were consistent with them being composed of magnetite.Magnetosomes having the same shape and mineral composition were also detected in MTB that occurred in the same environment as the ciliated MRP.Statistical analysis showed that the size and shape of the magnetosomes in the ciliated MRP were similar to those in MTB.The results suggest that this ciliated MRP can graze,ingest,and digest various types of MTB.It is certainly worth noting that this is the first record of MRPs in Asian aquatic sediment and suggesting they might be widely distributed.These results also support the assertion that MRPs probably contribute to the ecological cycles of iron,and expand possibilities for research into the mechanism of magnetoreception in eukaryotes.

关键词： magnetically responsive protist ciliate magnetotactic bacteria magnetosome graze magnetoreception

Characterization and diversity of magnetotactic bacteria from sediments of Caroline Seamount in the Western Pacific Ocean

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2021年第6期39卷 2027-2043页

作者： Kaixuan CUI Wenyan ZHANG Jia LIU Cong XU Yicong ZHAO Si CHEN Hongmiao PAN Tian XIAO Long-Fei WU CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)Qingdao 266237China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Center for Ocean Mega-Science Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China International Associated Laboratory of Evolution and Development of magnetotactic Multicellular Organisms(LIA-MagMC) CNRS-CASQingdao 266071China Aix Marseille Univ CNRSLCBIM2BIMMMarseille 13009France National Oceanographic Center Qingdao 266071China

magnetotactic bacteria(MTB)are a group of microorganisms capable of orientating and swimming along magnetic fields because they contain intracellular biomineralized magnetosomes composed of magnetite(Fe 3 O 4)or/and greigite(Fe_(3)S_(4)).They are ubiquitous in freshwater,brackish,and marine habitats,and are cosmopolitan in distribution.However,knowledge of their occurrence and distribution in seamount ecosystems is limited.We investigated the diversity and distribution of MTB in the Caroline Seamount(CM4).The abundance of living MTB in 12 stations in depth varying from 90 to 1545 m was 1.1×10^(3)-43.7×10^(3) inds./dm 3.Despite diverse shapes of MTB observed,magnetotactic cocci were the dominant morphotype and could be categorized into two types:1)typical cocci that appeared to have peritrichous fl agella;and 2)those characterized by having a drop-shaped form and one bundle of fl agella located at the thin/narrow end of the cell.Transmission electron microscopy(TEM)analysis revealed that the magnetosomes formed by those magnetotactic cocci are magnetite(Fe 3 O 4)with octahedral crystal habit.A total of 41 operational taxonomic units(OTUs)of putative MTB(2702 reads)were acquired from nine stations,based on high-throughput sequencing.Of these,40 OTUs belonged to the Proteobacteria phylum and one belonged to the Nitrospirae phylum.We found apparent connectivity between the MTB populations on the Caroline and Kexue(Science in Chinese)seamounts,although the diversity of MTB on Caroline was much richer than on the Kexue Seamount.Our results imply that the unique topography of seamounts and other as-yet unclear environmental factors could lead to evolution of different fl agella arrangements in magnetotactic cocci,and the occurrence of octahedral magnetite magnetosomes.

关键词： magnetotactic bacteria Caroline Seamount abundance diversity magnetosome

Biomineralization,crystallography and magnetic properties of bullet-shaped magnetite magnetosomes in giant rod magnetotactic bacteria

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Biomineralization,crystallography and magnetic properties of...