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Cytotoxicity,in Vivo Skin Irritation and Acute Systemic Toxicity of the Mesoporous magnesium carbonate Upsalite^(█)

Journal of Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology 2015年第4期6卷 257-266页

作者： Sara Frykstrand Johan Forsgren Peng Zhang Maria Stromme Natalia Ferraz Division for Nanotechnology and Functional Materials Department of Engineering SciencesThe Angstrom LaboratoryUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden

Upsalite®is a mesoporous magnesium carbonate synthesized without using surfactants and therefore highly attractive from environmental and production economy points of view. The material has recently been suggested as drug delivery vehicle and as topical bacteriostatic agent. In order to continue exploring these and other bio-related applications of the material, primary biocompatibility studies are needed. Herein we present the first in vivo acute systemic toxicity and skin irritation analyses as well as in vitro cytotoxicity evaluations of Upsalite®. The material was found to be non-toxic for human dermal fibroblasts cells up to a concentration of 1000 μg/ml and 48 h exposure in contrast to the mesoporous silica material SBA-15, used as reference, which significantly affected cell viability at particle concentration of 500 and 1000 μg/ml after the same exposure time. Topical application of Upsalite®resulted in negligible cutaneous reactions in a rabbit skin irritation model and no evidence of significant systemic toxicity was found when saline extracts of Upsalite®were injected in mice. Injection of sesame oil extract, however, resulted in transient weight loss, most likely due to injection of particles, and not toxic leachables. The presented results form the basis for future development of Upsalite®and similar mesoporous materials in biomedical applications and further toxicity as well as biocompatibility studies should be directed towards specific areas of use.

关键词： Mesoporous magnesium carbonate Cytotoxicity Skin Irritation Acute Systemic Toxicity

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Synthesis and formation mechanism of micro/nano flower-like MgCO_3·5H_2O

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2014年第3期21卷 304-310页

作者： Wan-zhong Yin Yu-lian Wang Qiang-dong Ji Jin Yao Ying Hou Lei Wang Wen-xing Zhong School of Resources & Civil Engineering Northeastern University Mining Metallurgy &Materials Research Institute General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals Beijing

Micro/nano magnesium carbonate pentahydrate（MgCO3 ·5H2 O） with flower-like morphology was synthesized using magnesite as a substrate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate as an additive. The synthesized samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry. The influence of pyrolysis time on crystal morphology was explored. The formation mechanism was investigated on the basis of the characterized results and the crystal structure of MgCO3 ·5H2 O. The results showed that the flower-like MgCO3 ·5H2 O was 1.5-3.0 μm in length and 100-500 nm in diameter and was successfully obtained with a pyrolysis time of 30 min. The formation mechanism of flower-like MgCO3 ·5H2 O is suggested to be the selective adsorption of potassium dihydrogen phosphate on the surface. The process of flower-like crystal growth is as follows： amorphous nanoparticles formation, acicular and rod monocrystal formation, flower-like monocrystal formation, and flower-like polymers（MgCO3 ·5H2 O） crystallization. In the MgCO3 ·5H2 O crystal, the magnesium ion presents two different octahedral coordinations corresponding to2 26 Mg（H O）＋and2 2 2 4 23 [Mg（H O）（CO） ]--, and the chemical formula of the crystal is2 2 6 2 4 23 Mg（H O） Mg（H O）（CO）2.

关键词： magnesium carbonate hydrates synthesis morphology crystal growth

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Discussion on grain refining mechanism of AM30 alloy inoculated by MgCO_(3)

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Journal of magnesium and Alloys 2017年第2期5卷 181-188页

作者： Jun Du Zejiang Yao Shuai Han Wenfang Li School of Materials Science and Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China

AM30 was inoculated by MgCO_(3) powder with different holding *** influence of MgO decomposed by MgCO_(3)on the grain refinement effect was mainly discussed in the present *** sets of comparative samples were *** were AM30 alloy inoculated by MgO and pure Mg inoculated by MgO and MgCO_(3).The possible nucleating particles were observed and analyzed by EPMA and ***30 alloy could be effectively refined by either MgCO_(3)or MgO *** refining efficiency and fading effect of MgO inoculation were better than those of MgCO_(3) ***,pure Mg could not be refined by these two *** is an indispensable element to determine the grain refinement of Mg alloys inoculated by either MgCO_(3)or *** should not be the effective substrates forα-Mg phase.A novel grain refining mechanism of MgCO_(3) inoculation on AM30 alloy was proposed by combining experimental results with theoretical calculation,i.e.,MgAl_(2)O_(4) should be the potent nuclei ofα-Mg grain for the AM30 alloy in addition to Al_(4)C_(3).

关键词： AM30 alloy Grain refinement magnesium carbonate Nucleating substrates

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A stepwise process for carbon dioxide sequestration using magnesium silicates

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2010年第2期4卷 133-141页

作者： Johan FAGERLUND Experience NDUAGU Inês ROMÃO Ron ZEVENHOVEN Åbo Akademi University Thermal and Flow EngineeringBiskopsgatan 8FI-20500Åbo/TurkuFinland visiting from University of Coimbra Department of Chemical EngineeringPólo IIPinhal de Marrocos3030-290 CoimbraPortugal

This work involves the production of magnesium in the form of Mg(OH)_(2)from serpentinite rock(nickel mine tailing)material followed by conversion into MgCO_(3)using a pressurised fluidised bed(PFB)reactor operating at 400℃-600℃and pressures up to 2.85 *** approach is rooted in the thermodynamic fact that the reaction between Mg(OH)_(2)and gaseous CO_(2)forming MgCO_(3)and water releases significant amounts of *** main problem is,however,the chemical kinetics;the reaction is slow and has to be accelerated in order to be used in an economically viable process for large-scale(~1 Mt/a)CO_(2)*** have constructed a labscale PFB reactor test-setup for optimising the carbonation *** high enough temperatures and conversion levels the reaction should provide the heat for the proceeding Mg(OH)_(2)production step,making the overall process energy *** far we have been able to achieve a conversion degree of 26%at 500℃and 2.85 MPa after 30 min(particle size 125-212μm).In this paper the test facility and our latest results and progress on CO_(2)mineral carbonation are ***,the possible integration of the iron as a feedstock for iron and steel production will be briefly *** interesting side-effect of this carbon dioxide capture and storage(CCS)route is that significant amounts of iron are obtained from the serpentinite rock *** is released during the Mg(OH)_(2)production and can be of great interest to the iron-and steel producing sector,which at the same time is Finland’s largest CO_(2)producer.

关键词： mineralisation serpentinite mineral carbonation magnesium carbonate fluidised bed

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Effect of Technological Parameters on Preparation of Mg-based Foam Materials

Effect of Technological Parameters on Preparation of Mg-base...

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中国材料大会2012

作者： Hongjie Luo Li Zhang Zhengguo Xu Yuansheng Yang School of Materials and Metallurgy Northeastern University Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences

ISBN: (纸本)9783037856093

As a novel material,Mg-based foam material not only has fantastic physical characteristics,such as low density,high specific surface area,high specific strength and stiffness,and good biocompatibility,but also has special functional properties,for example,electromagnetic wave shielding,vibration reduction,sound absorption,and so *** can be widely applied to aeronautical and aerospace,military,shipbuilding,transportation,automotive and medical ***-based foam material was prepared by direct foaming in magnesium alloy liquid in this study,and the effect of technological parameters on the products,such as addition amount of and granularity of SiC particles and MgCO3 particles,stirring temperature,stirring time,stirring velocity,foaming temperature and foaming time,was *** aim of this research was to develop a new technology which could fabricate large scale Mg-based foam material in air *** results showed that variations of technological parameters may affect preparation of the foam materials in some extent and resulted in the changes of the products in apparent density,porosity and structural *** light weight Mg-based foam with homogeneous pores could be obtained by suitable combination of the technological parameters.

关键词： magnesium alloy Silicon carbide magnesium carbonate Foaming in melt Mg-based foam materials.

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