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An improved yield criterion characterizing the anisotropic and tension-compression asymmetric behavior of magnesium alloy

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Journal of magnesium and alloys 2022年第2期10卷 612-628页

作者： Zhigang Li Haifeng Yang Jianguang Liu Fu Liu School of Mechanical Electronic and Control EngineeringBeijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing100044PR China Automotive Research Institute of Beijing Automotive Co. Ltd.Beijing 101300China Beijing Key Laboratory of Civil Aircraft Structures and Composite Materials COMAC Beijing Aircraft Technology Research InstituteBeijing102211PR China Shanghai Aircraft Design and Research Institute Shanghai 201210PR China

A novel yield criterion based on CPB06 considering anisotropic and tension-compression asymmetric behaviors of magnesium alloys was derived and proposed(called M_CPB06).This yield criterion can simultaneously predict the yield stresses and the Lankford ratios at different angles(if any)under uniaxial tension,compression,equal-biaxial and equal-compression conditions.Then,in order to further describe the anisotropic strain-hardening characteristics of magnesium alloy,the proposed M_CPB06 criterion was further evolved to the M_CPB06ev model by expressing the parameters of the M_CPB06 model as functions of the plastic strain.As the model was developed,the stresses and Lankford ratios of AZ31B and ZK61M magnesium alloys at different angles under tensile,compressive and through-thickness compressive conditions were used to calibrate the M_CPB06/M_CPB06ev and the existing CPB06ex2 model.Calibration results reveal that compared with the CPB06ex2 yield criterion with equal quantity of coefficients,the M_CPB06 criterion exhibits certain advancement,and meanwhile the M_CPB06ev model can relatively accurately predict the change of the yield locus with increase of the plastic strain.Finally,the M_CPB06ev model was developed through UMAT in LS-DYNA.Finite element simulations using the subroutine were conducted on the specimens of different angles to the rolling direction under tension and compression.Simulation results were highly consistent with the experimental results,demonstrating a good reliability and accuracy of the developed subroutine.

关键词： magnesium alloy Anisotropy Tension-compression asymmetry Improved yield criterion UMAT

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Design and characterization of a novel Cu_(2.3)Al_(1.3)Ni_(1.7)SnCr_(0.3) multi-principal element alloy coating on magnesium alloy by laser cladding

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第21期152卷 220-236页

作者： Lipeng Jiang Xiufang Cui Guo Jin Zhimin Tian Xin Wen Haoliang Tian Erbao Liu Institute of Surface/Interface Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Superlight Material and Surface Technology of Ministry of EducationCollege of Materials Science and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Engineering UniversityHarbin 150001China Aviation Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Corrosion and Protection for Aviation Material Beijing Beijing Institute of Aeronautical MaterialsBeijing 100095China Institute of Defense Engineering AMSPLABeijing 100850China

The evaporation and dilution of substrate seriously limit the performance of laser cladding coatings on magnesium alloys.In order to overcome the above shortcomings,a multi-step ultrasonic assisted laser remelting technology was proposed to improve the performance of the coating.In this work,a novel Cu_(2.3)Al_(1.3)Ni_(1.7)SnCr_(0.3) multi-principal element alloy coating(MPEAC)was prepared on the surface of mag-nesium alloy.Characterization techniques such as transmission electron microscopy(TEM),electron back scatter diffraction(EBSD)and scanning electron microscopy(SEM)were employed to characterize the microstructure and phase composition of the coatings.And the phase structure and morphology at the interface between the coating and the substrate were also studied via focus ion beam(FIB)and TEM method.In addition,the corrosion and wear resistance ability of the coatings were monitored by potentiodynamic polarization(PDP),and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS),hardness and friction tests.The results show that Cu_(2.3)Al_(1.3)Ni_(1.7)SnCr_(0.3) MPEAC with ultrasonic assisted is composed of FCC phase and eutectic phases(Cu_(10)Sn_(3) and Cu_(2)Ni_(3)Sn_(3)).Due to the forced convection generated by ultrasonic waves,some Cu and Ni phases are precipitated around Cu_(2)Ni_(3)Sn_(3) phases,which is beneficial to enhance the corrosion resistance.Because of the grain refinement effect caused by ultrasonic,the wear resistance of the coating is also improved.Furthermore,ultrasonic vibration can effectively weaken and eliminate the texture density of the Cu_(2.3)Al_(1.3)Ni_(1.7)SnCr_(0.3) MPEAC fabricated by laser cladding.

关键词： magnesium alloy Multi-principal element alloy coating Ultrasonic assisted laser cladding Corrosion resistance Wear resistance

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Effect of axial preloading on mechanical behavior during the free-end torsion of an extruded AZ31 magnesium alloy

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2022年第7期29卷 1351-1360页

作者： Qun Li Dan Meng Zhichang Fu Hui Zhao Chong Yang Yan Peng Baodong Shi Key Laboratory of Advanced Forging&Stamping Technology and Science of Ministry of Education School of Mechanical EngineeringYanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004China National Engineering Research Center for Equipment and Technology of Cold Rolled Strip School of Mechanical EngineeringYanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004China State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004China

Large plastic deformation commonly occurs during the practical forming process in industries.Compared with uniaxial tension/compression,torsion is a more effective approach to investigate mechanical behavior under large deformation.The response of the large strain torsion of magnesium alloy is sensitive to the initial texture and twinning.Therefore,an extruded AZ31 alloy was pre-stressed in tension and compression to introduce dislocations and twins in the current work.Subsequently,torsion tests were conducted to clarify the effects of twinning and dislocation on subsequent deformation responses.The corresponding microstructure and deformation mechanisms were explored on the basis of viscoplastic self-consistent(VPSC)modeling.The experimental observations on stress-strain responses and pole figures were captured by simulation work.It was found that twins make less contribution to plastic deformation,which results in small change in texture direction under pure torsion and torsion after pretension.The activity of the slip/twin system and the mechanical properties are affected by different initial textures and active conditions of the system.Moreover,the stress state during combined tension-torsion loading benefits the reduction of texture intensity.

关键词： magnesium alloy torsion twinning dislocation texture viscoplastic self-consistent

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Preparation and property of self-sealed plasma electrolytic oxide coating on magnesium alloy

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2023年第5期30卷 959-969页

作者： Chen Ma Dong Wang Jinyu Liu Ning Peng Wei Shang Yuqing Wen Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials College of Chemistry and BioengineeringGuilin University of TechnologyGuilin 541004China

Plasma electrochemical oxidation (PEO) is a surface modification technology to form ceramic coatings on magnesium alloys However,its application is limited due to its defects.This work reports a novel preparation of in-situ sealing of PEO coatings by four-layer voltage and sol addition.The morphology and structure were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM),energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS),and X-ray diffractometer (XRD).Image-Pro Plus 6.0 was used to determine the porosity of the coating,which was decreased from 8.53%to 0.51%.Simultaneously,the coating thickness was increased by a factor of four.The anti-corrosion performance of each sample was evaluated using electrochemical tests,and the findings revealed that the corrosion current density of coatings (i_(corr)) of the samples were lowered from 9.152×10^(-2) to 6.152×10^(-4) mA·cm^(-2),and the total resistance (R_(T)) of the samples were enhanced from 2.19×10^(4) to 2.33×10^(5)Ω·cm^(2).The salt spray test used to simulate the actual environment showed that corrosion points appeared on the surface of the coating only at the 336 h.In addition,the mechanism of PEO self-sealing behavior was described in this article.

关键词： magnesium alloy in-situ sealing plasma electrolytic oxidation corrosion resistance

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Combining the 8-hydroxyquinoline intercalated layered double hydroxide film and sol-gel coating for active corrosion protection of the magnesium alloy

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2022年第3期29卷 536-546页

作者： Yahya Jafari Tarzanagh Davod Seifzadeh Roghaye Samadianfard Applied Chemistry Department University of Mohaghegh ArdabiliArdabil ***Iran

8-hydroxyquinoline(8-HQ)intercalated layered double hydroxides(LDH)film as underlayer and sol-gel layer was combined for active corrosion protection of the AM60B magnesium alloy.The LDH,LDH/sol-gel,and LDH@HQ/sol-gel coatings were analyzed using the scanning electron microscopy(SEM),field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM),energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS),X-ray diffraction(XRD),atomic force microscopy(AFM),and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS)methods.The SEM images showed that the surface was entirely coated by the LDH film composed of vertically-grown nanosheets.The same morphology was observed for the LDH/sol-gel and LDH@HQ/sol-gel coatings.Also,almost the same topography was observed for both composite coatings except that the LDH@HQ/sol-gel coating had relatively higher surface roughness.Although the LDH film had the same impedance behavior as the alloy sample in 3.5wt%NaCl solution,its corrosion resistance was much higher,which could be due to its barrier properties as well as to the trap-ping of the chloride ions.Similar to the LDH film,the corrosion resistance of the LDH/sol-gel composite diminished with increasing the ex-posure time.However,its values were much higher than that of the LDH film,which was mainly related to the sealing of the solution path-ways.The LDH@HQ/sol-gel composite showed much better anti-corrosion properties than the LDH/sol-gel coating due to the adsorption of the 8-HQ on the damaged areas through the complexation.

关键词： magnesium alloy sol-gel layered double hydroxides corrosion coating

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Corrosion and tribocorrosion resistance of MAO-based composite coating on AZ31 magnesium alloy

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Journal of magnesium and alloys 2022年第12期10卷 3406-3417页

作者： Siqin Liu Guihua Li Yuming Qi Zhenjun Peng Yinping Ye Jun Liang State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication Lanzhou Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000PR China Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials Lanzhou Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000PR China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049PR China

In this paper, a multi-functional composite coating with low friction coefficient, high wear resistance and excellent tribocorrosion resistance is fabricated on AZ31 Mg alloys by micro-arc oxidation and spray-coating methods. The microstructure, and composition of the coating are characterized by SEM, EDS, XRD, and FT-IR. Potentiodynamic polarization and EIS tests are conducted to evaluate the corrosion resistance of the composite coating. The tribocorrosion property is also studied using pin-on-disk tribometer in 3.5 wt.% Na Cl solution. It is found that the composite coating possesses better long-term corrosion resistance than the single MAO coating. The tribocorrosion tests prove that the composite coating exhibits much better wear and tribocorrosion resistance than the single MAO coating and can protect the substrate from corrosion under a sliding condition.

关键词： magnesium alloy Micro-arc oxidation Composite coating Corrosion Tribocorrosion

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Development and characteristics of a low rare-earth containing magnesium alloy with high strength-ductility synergy

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Journal of magnesium and alloys 2023年第5期11卷 1629-1642页

作者： Zijian Yu Xi Xu Kang Shi Baotian Du Xiuzhu Han Tao Xiao Shubo Li Ke Liu Wenbo Du Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing Beijing University of Technology100 PenLe YuanChaoyang DistrictBeijing 100124China Beijing Institute of Spacecraft System Engineering Beijing 100094China

In this study,we successfully developed a low RE containing Mg-3Y-2Gd-1Nd-0.5Zr(wt%)alloy with high strength-ductility synergy by combined processes of hot extrusion,hot rolling and ageing.This alloy exhibits an excellent strength-ductility balance(UTS of 345±2.0 MPa,TYS of 301±5.0 MPa and EL of 9.2±1.9%),which is better than that of many Mg-RE wrought alloys with higher RE concentration and even comparable to that of 6061 Al wrought alloy.A long-range chain-like structure consisting ofβphase,βH phase,βM phase and zig-zag atomic columns is observed for the first time in the studied alloy.The combined process of hot extrusion and hot rolling boosts the formation of deformed grains and low angle grain boundaries,and makes the deformed grains dominate in the alloy strengthening.Under this circumstance,the following ageing generates a novel heterogeneous structure comprising the long-range chain-like structure with broad interparticle spacing and the spacious precipitate-free zones in the deformed grains,which plays a key role in the concurrent strengthening and toughening of the alloy.The present study demonstrates that the deformed grains with long-range chain-like structures and precipitate-free zones is desirable microstructure for the low RE containing Mg alloys to achieve high strength-ductility synergy.

关键词： magnesium alloy Microstructure Mechanical properties Rare earth

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Influence of pH on the Formation, Composition and Protectiveness of Fluoride Conversion Film Deposited on AZ31 magnesium alloy in KF Solution

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金属学报:英文版 2023年第9期36卷 1397-1408页

作者： Liping Wu Chen Liu Jie Wei Junhua Dong Lin Zhao Chao Li Wei Ke Yiqing Chen Changgang Wang Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang110016China State Key Laboratory of Metal Material for Marine Equipment and Application Anshan114009China

In deaerated 0.1 M KF solution at pH 5, pH 7.5 and pH 9, fluoride films were deposited on AZ31 magnesium (Mg) alloy at − 1.4 V vs saturated calomel electrode (SCE). The morphology, phase composition, elemental and compositional depth distribution of different fluoride films and their influences on the corrosion resistance of AZ31 Mg alloy were explored in detail. The results indicated that the films deposited at weak acidic and nearly neutral pH consisted of two layers with amorphous Mg(OH)_(2) and MgF_(2) as the inner layer, and Mg(OH)_(2), MgF_(2) and KMgF_(3) crystals the outer layer. The film deposited at alkaline pH was a monolayer structure consisting of amorphous Mg(OH)_(2) as the major constitute and MgF_(2) as the minor constitute. The protectiveness of fluoride film was intimately related to its composition and structure. The content and crystal regularity of KMgF_(3) were the two main factors influencing the protectiveness of fluoride film. The fluoride film deposited at pH 7.5 offered the best protection to AZ31 Mg alloy.

关键词： magnesium alloy Potentiostatic deposition Fluoride film KF solution

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New superhydrophobic composite coatings on Mg-Mn-Ce magnesium alloy

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Journal of magnesium and alloys 2023年第5期11卷 1721-1739页

作者： K.V.Nadaraia S.N.Suchkov I.M.Imshinetskiy D.V.Mashtalyar D.Yu.Kosianov E.A.Belov S.L.Sinebryukhov S.V.Gnedenkov Institute of Chemistry Far Eastern BranchRussian Academy of SciencesVladivostok690022Russia Far Eastern Federal University Vladivostok690922Russia

A novel combined method for the formation of composite coatings on the Mg-Mn-Ce alloy is developed.Ceramic like matrix was formed on the Mg alloy surface by the plasma electrolytic oxidation.Then the samples were subsequently processed by dip-coating in an alcohol suspension of superdispersed polytetrafluoroethylene and spraying with the tetrafluoroethylene telomers solution.SEM,OSP,and SPM was used to study structure of formed surfaces.It was established by measurements of CA and CAH,as well as surface free energy calculations that formed coatings demonstrate superhydrophobic properties due to the presence of an irregular hierarchical surface structure and low surface free energy of fluoropolymers.The coating preserves its hydrophobic properties after exposure to high and low temperatures,for a long time as well as being in corrosive environments.EDS and XRD data analysis confirmed the presence of organofluorine compounds in the composite layers,including in the form of crystalline polytetrafluoroethylene.Using potentiodynamic polarization test and EIS,it was found that the resulting coatings significantly increase the corrosion resistance of Mg material.These data are also confirmed by salt spray tests for 40 days.Incorporation of fluoropolymers additionally decrease coatings coefficient of friction.

关键词： magnesium alloy Plasma electrolytic oxidation Superhydrophobicity Fluoropolymers Composite coatings

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Local oxynitriding of AZ31 magnesium alloy by atmospheric-pressure plasma treatment at room temperature

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Journal of magnesium and alloys 2022年第7期10卷 1878-1886页

作者： Kenta Nakazawa Tatsuki Ohashi Shotaro Saiki Shoichi Kikuchi Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringShizuoka University3-5-1JohokuNaka-kuHamamatsu432-8561Japan Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology Shizuoka University3-5-1 JohokuNaka-kuHamamatsu432-8561Japan

A surface-hardening treatment for AZ31 magnesium alloy using an atmospheric-pressure plasma jet(APPJ)at room temperature was developed.magnesium is a potential engineering material because it is lightweight;however,magnesium alloys are difficult to heat-treat because of their low flaming temperature.magnesium alloy specimens were irradiated with a localized atmospheric-pressure plasma jet generated by dielectric-barrier discharge for 180 s in air.The APPJ excited oxygen and nitrogen molecules in the ambient air,resulting in the formation of an oxynitrided layer;oxygen and nitrogen diffusion layer,on the surface of the magnesium alloy.The hardness and elemental distribution for the treated surface were examined.The top surface of the APPJ-treated magnesium alloy achieved a maximum hardness of 108 HV,which was~1.7 times greater than that of the untreated surface.Elemental analysis using an electron-probe microanalyzer revealed strong oxygen and nitrogen signals corresponding to the hardened region of the magnesium alloy,meaning that the hardness increased as a result of the formation of the oxynitrided layer.The proposed APPJ treatment is a promising approach for locally hardening magnesium alloys without using a heat treatment.

关键词： magnesium alloy Oxynitriding Atmospheric-pressure plasma jet Hardness Surface modification Diffusion

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