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A comprehensive review on the processing-property relationships of laser strengthened magnesium

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Journal of magnesium and Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 1-34页

作者： Alessandro M.Ralls Aaksheta Agnel Pradeep L.Menezes Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Nevada RenoRenoNV 89557United States

Among the existing series of softer metals,magnesium(Mg)has attracted much attention due to its impressive strength-to-weight ratio.However,due to its ease of deformability,Mg tends to suffer from rapid degradation in a wide variety of abrasive and electrochemical environments.One method of improving its surface properties is through surface modification techniques.Among the existing techniques,laser shock peening(LSP)has been one of the most widely utilized processes due to its surface-hardening-like effects.Despite this understanding,a comprehensive review has yet to exist that encapsulates the strengthening mechanism of LSP for Mg and its influence in degradation environments.This review aims to encapsulate the existing research around the LSP field for Mg.Specifically,an understanding of the surface-strengthening effects in relation to its mechanical,tribological,corrosion,and tribo-corrosion characteristics is elucidated.Additionally,the feasibility of LSP for Mg materials in critical industries is also discussed.Through this work,a novel understanding of LSP for Mg can be understood,which can provide a future direction for research in this field.

关键词： Laser shock peening magnesium Surface deformation Tribology Microstructure

Comprehensive insights into recent innovations:magnesium-inclusive high-entropy alloys

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Journal of magnesium and Alloys 2024年第4期12卷 1311-1345页

作者： Andrii Babenko Ehsan Ghasali Saleem Raza Kahila Baghchesaraee Ye Cheng Asif Hayat Peng Liu Shuaifei Zhao Yasin Orooji Shandong Vocational and Technical University of International Studies Rizhao 276826China Zhejiang Normal University Jinhua 321004China Geelong Institute for Frontier MaterialsDeakin UniversityVIC 3216Australia

This review focuses on thermodynamic and physical parameters,synthesis methods,and reported phases of magnesium(Mg)containing high-entropy alloys(HEAs).Statistical data of publications concerning Mg-containing HEAs were collected and analyzed.Data on the chemical elements included in Mg-containing HEAs,their theoretical end experimental densities,thermodynamic parameters,physical parameters,fabricated techniques and reported phases were also collected and discussed.On the basis of this information,a new classification for HEAs was proposed.It is also shown that the existing thermodynamic parameters cannot accurately predict the formation of a single phase solid solution for Mg-containing HEAs.The physical parameters of Mg-containing HEAs are within a wide range,and most of the synthesized Mg-containing HEAs have a complex multiphase structure.

关键词： magnesium High-entropy alloys Classification Thermodynamic parameters Physical parameters

magnesium fertilizer application increases peanut growth and pod yield under reduced nitrogen application in southern China

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The Crop Journal 2024年第3期12卷 915-926页

作者： Yu Gao Ruier Zeng Suzhe Yao Ying Wang Jianguo Wang Shubo Wan Wei Hu Tingting Chen Lei Zhang Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding College of AgricultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642GuangdongChina Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences Jinan 250100ShandongChina College of Agriculture Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095JiangsuChina

This study investigated the effect of magnesium application on peanut growth and yield under two nitrogen(N)application rates in acidic soil in southern China.The chlorophyll content,net photosynthetic rate and dry matter accumulation of the N-sensitive cultivar decreased under reduced N treatments,whereas no effect was observed on the relevant indicators in the N-insensitive variety GH1026.Mg application increased the net photosynthetic rate by increasing the expression of genes involved in chlorophyll synthesis and Rubisco activity in the leaves during the pegging stage under 50%N treatment,while no effect on the net photosynthetic rate was observed under the 100%N treatment.The rate of dry matter accumulation at the early growth stage,total dry matter accumulation and pod yield at harvest increased after Mg application under 50%N treatment by increasing the transportation of assimilates from stems and leaves to pods in both peanut varieties,whereas no effect was found under 100%N treatment.Moreover,Mg application increased the NUE under 50%N treatment.No improvement of NUE in either peanut variety was found under 100%N treatment,while Mg application under the 50%N treatment can obtain a higher economic benefit than the 100%N treatment.In acidic soil,application of 307.5 kg ha^(-1)of Mg sulfate fertilizer under 50%reduced nitrogen application is a suitable fertilizer management measure for improving carbon assimilation,NUE and achieve high peanut yields in southern China.

关键词： Peanut magnesium Yield Reduced nitrogen application rate

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Systemic modulation of skeletal mineralization by magnesium implant promoting fracture healing: Radiological exploration enhanced with PCA-based machine learning in a rat femoral model

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Journal of magnesium and Alloys 2024年第3期12卷 1009-1020页

作者： Yu Sun Heike Helmholz Regine Willumeit-Römer Institute of Metallic Biomaterials Helmholtz-Zentrum HereonGermany

The clinical application of magnesium(Mg)and its alloys for bone fractures has been well supported by in vitro and in vivo trials.However,there were studies indicating negative effects of high dose Mg intake and sustained local release of Mg ions on bone metabolism or repair,which should not be ignored when developing Mg-based implants.Thus,it remains necessary to assess the biological effects of Mg implants in animal models relevant to clinical treatment modalities.The primary purpose of this study was to validate the beneficial effects of intramedullary Mg implants on the healing outcome of femoral fractures in a modified rat model.In addition,the mineralization parameters at multiple anatomical sites were evaluated,to investigate their association with healing outcome and potential clinical applications.Compared to the control group without Mg implantation,postoperative imaging at week 12 demonstrated better healing outcomes in the Mg group,with more stable unions in 3D analysis and high-mineralized bridging in 2D evaluation.The bone tissue mineral density(TMD)was higher in the Mg group at the non-operated femur and lumbar vertebra,while no differences between groups were identified regarding the bone tissue volume(TV),TMD and bone mineral content(BMC)in humerus.In the surgical femur,the Mg group presented higher TMD,but lower TV and BMC in the distal metaphyseal region,as well as reduced BMC at the osteotomy site.Principal component analysis(PCA)-based machine learning revealed that by selecting clinically relevant parameters,radiological markers could be constructed for differentiation of healing outcomes,with better performance than 2D scoring.The study provides insights and preclinical evidence for the rational investigation of bioactive materials,the identification of potential adverse effects,and the promotion of diagnostic capabilities for fracture healing.

关键词： magnesium Implants Bone fracture Mineralization Systemic modulation Principal component analysis.

Advancing sustainability:magnesium-based solutions for environmental challenges and high-performance technologies in superconductivity

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Journal of magnesium and Alloys 2024年第4期12卷 1257-1259页

作者： Muralidhar Miryala Materials for Energy and Environmental Laboratory Shibaura Institute of Technology3-7-5 ToyosuKoto-KuTokyo 135-8548Japan

The Journal of magnesium and Alloys(JMA)is actively dedicated to addressing crucial issues related to energy con-servation,emission reduction,energy crises,and sustainable development[1].magnesium,recognized as the lightest com-mercial structural metal and a promising energy storage ma-terial,holds immense potential in contributing to strategic objectives such as achieving“carbon neutrality”and the“emission peak”,thus mitigating the ongoing energy cri-sis[2].JMA diligently reports on various research fronts,including magnesium-based structural materials,magnesium batteries,magnesium-based hydrogen storage materials,and magnesium-based superconducting super magnets[3].

关键词： magnesium holds structural

Balanced Fracturing and Cold-welding of magnesium during Ball Milling Assisted by Carbon Coating:Experimental and Molecular Dynamic Simulation

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2024年第4期39卷 895-903页

作者：韩宗盈 DONG Hui DING Guoyang ZHANG Jiale SONG Xiufang College of Energy Storage Technology Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China

The lignite-derived carbon from self-protection pyrolysis was employed to balance the fracturing and cold-welding of magnesium during ball milling.Particle size analysis indicates that the introduction of lignite-derived carbon can effectively reduce the particle size of Mg while the introduction of graphite does no help.Besides,the effect of lignite-derived carbon on crystallite size reduction of Mg is also better than graphite.A moderate cold-welding phenomenon was observed after ball-milling Mg with the lignite-derived carbon,suggesting less Mg is wasted on the milling vials and balls.Molecular dynamic simulations reveal that the balanced fracturing and cold-welding of magnesium during ball milling is mainly attributed to the special structure of the lignite-derived carbon:graphitized short-range ordered stacking function as dry lubricant and irregular shape/sharp edge function as milling aid.The preliminary findings in current study are expected to offer implications for designing efficient Mg-based hydrogen storage materials.

关键词： magnesium lignite-derived carbon cold-welding ball milling molecular dynamic

Effects of serum proteins on corrosion rates and product bioabsorbability of biodegradable metals

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2024年第1期3卷 132-148页

作者： Hongjie Zhang Xin Li Zehua Qu Wanqian Zhang Qunsong Wang Dinglingge Cao Yaoben Wang Xin Wang Yang Wang Lin Yu Jiandong Ding State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers Department of Macromolecular ScienceFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China

Corrodible metals are the newest kind of biodegradable materials and raise a new problem of the corrosion products.However,the removal of the precipitated products has been unclear and even largely ignored in publications.Herein,we find that albumin,an abundant macromolecule in serum,enhances the solubility of corrosion products of iron in blood mimetic Hank’s solution significantly.This is universal for other main biodegradable metals such as magnesium,zinc and polyester-coated iron.Albumin also influences corrosion rates in diverse trends in Hank’s solution and normal saline.Based on quantitative study theoretically and experimentally,both the effects on corrosion rates and soluble fractions are interpreted by a unified mechanism,and the key factor leading to different corrosion behaviors in corrosion media is the interference of albumin to the Ca/P passivation layer on the metal surface.This work has illustrated that the interactions between metals and media macromolecules should be taken into consideration in the design of the next-generation metal-based biodegradable medical devices in the formulism of precision medicine.The improved Hank’s solution in the presence of albumin and with a higher content of initial calcium salt is suggested to access biodegradable metals potentially for cardiovascular medical devices,where the content of calcium salt is calculated after consideration of chelating of calcium ions by albumin,resulting in the physiological concentration of free calcium ions.

关键词： biodegradable metal macromolecule albumin corrosion bioabsorbability iron polylactide magnesium zinc

Recent Developments in Metallic Degradable Micromotors for Biomedical and Environmental Remediation Applications

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第3期16卷 1-35页

作者： Sourav Dutta Seungmin Noh Roger Sanchis Gual Xiangzhong Chen Salvador Pané Bradley J.Nelson Hongsoo Choi Department of Robotics and Mechatronics Engineering Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology(DGIST)Daegu 42988Republic of Korea DGIST‑ETH Microrobotics Research Center DGISTDaegu 42988Republic of Korea Multi‑Scale Robotics Lab Institute of Robotics and Intelligent SystemsETH Zurich8092 ZurichSwitzerland Institute of Optoelectronics State Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Science and TechnologyShanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and PerceptionFudan UniversityShanghai 200433People’s Republic of China

Synthetic micromotor has gained substantial attention in biomedicine and environmental remediation.Metal-based degradable micromotor composed of magnesium(Mg),zinc(Zn),and iron(Fe)have promise due to their nontoxic fuel-free propulsion,favorable biocompatibility,and safe excretion of degradation products Recent advances in degradable metallic micromotor have shown their fast movement in complex biological media,efficient cargo delivery and favorable biocompatibility.A noteworthy number of degradable metal-based micromotors employ bubble propulsion,utilizing water as fuel to generate hydrogen bubbles.This novel feature has projected degradable metallic micromotors for active in vivo drug delivery applications.In addition,understanding the degradation mechanism of these micromotors is also a key parameter for their design and performance.Its propulsion efficiency and life span govern the overall performance of a degradable metallic micromotor.Here we review the design and recent advancements of metallic degradable micromotors.Furthermore,we describe the controlled degradation,efficient in vivo drug delivery,and built-in acid neutralization capabilities of degradable micromotors with versatile biomedical applications.Moreover,we discuss micromotors’efficacy in detecting and destroying environmental pollutants.Finally,we address the limitations and future research directions of degradable metallic micromotors.

关键词： magnesium Zinc Iron Biodegradable microrobot Biomedical Environmental

Mg/MgO interfaces as efficient hydrogen evolution cathodes causing accelerated corrosion of additive manufactured Mg alloys:A DFT analysis

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Journal of magnesium and Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 110-119页

作者： Man-Fai Ng Kai Xiang Kuah Teck Leong Tan Daniel John Blackwood Department of Materials Science&Engineering National University of Singapore9 Engineering Drive 1Singapore 117575Republic of Singapore Institute of High Performance Computing(IHPC) Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A∗STAR)1 Fusionopolis Way#16-16 ConnexisSingapore 138632Republic of Singapore

The corrosion rates of additive-manufactured Mg alloys are higher than their as-cast counterparts,possibly due to increased kinetics for the hydrogen evolution reaction on secondary phases,which may include oxide inclusions.Scanning Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy demonstrated that MgO inclusions could act as cathodes for Mg corrosion,but their low conductivity likely precludes this.However,the density of state calculations through density functional theory using hybrid HSE06 functional revealed overlapping electronic states at the Mg/MgO interface,which facilitates electron transfers and participates in redox reactions.Subsequent determination of the hydrogen absorption energy at the Mg/MgO interface reveals it to be an excellent catalytic site,with HER being found to be a factor of 23x more efficient at the interface than on metallic Mg.The results not only support the plausibility of the Mg/MgO interface being an effective cathode to the adjacent anodic Mg matrix during corrosion but also contribute to the understanding of the enhanced cathodic activities observed during the anodic dissolution of magnesium.

关键词： magnesium magnesium oxide Interface Hydrogen evolution DFT