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Recent progress on deep learning-based disruption prediction algorithm in HL-2A tokamak

Chinese Physics B 2023年第7期32卷 1-11页

作者：杨宗谕刘宇航朱晓博陈正威夏凡钟武律高喆张轶泼刘仪 Southwestern Institute of Physics Chengdu 610043China Tsinghua University Beijing 100084China

Disruption prediction and mitigation is a crucial topic,especially for future large-scale tokamaks,due to disruption’sconcomitant harmful effects on the *** this topic,disruption prediction algorithm takes the responsibility to giveaccurate trigger signal in advance of disruptions,therefore the disruption mitigation system can effectively alleviate theharmful *** the past 5 years,a deep learning-based algorithm is developed in HL-2A *** reaches a truepositive rate of 92.2%,a false positive rate of 2.5%and a total accuracy of 96.1%.Further research is implementedon the basis of this algorithm to solve three key problems,i.e.,the algorithm’s interpretability,real-time capability *** the interpretability,HL-2A’s algorithm gives saliency maps indicating the correlation between thealgorithm’s input and output by perturbation *** distribution of correlations shows good coherence with thedisruption *** the transferability,a preliminary disruption predictor is successfully developed in HL-2M,a newlybuilt tokamak in *** only 44 shots are used as the training set of this algorithm,it gives reasonable outputswith the help of data from HL-2A and *** the real-time capacity,the algorithm is accelerated to deal with an inputslice within 0.3 ms with the help of some adjustments on it and TFLite *** is also implemented into the plasmacontrol system and gets an accuracy of 89.0%during online *** paper gives a global perspective on these results anddiscusses the possible pathways to make HL-2A’s algorithm a more comprehensive solution for future tokamaks.

关键词： macroinstabilities tokamaks neural networks magnetic confinement and equilibrium

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Recent Results on Field Reversed Configurations from the Translation, Confinement and Sustainment Experiment

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Plasma Science and Technology 2005年第1期7卷 2605-2609页

作者：郭后扬 Redmond Plasma Physics Laboratory University of Washington Seattle Washington 98195 USA

The field-reversed configuration (FRC) offers an attractive alternative approach to magnetically confined fusion because of its extremely high β, simple linear geometry, and natural divertor for helium ash removal. Multi-hundred eV and high density FRCs have been produced using the standard Field Reversed Theta Pinch (RFTP) method, with a confinement scaling that leads to fusion conditions. These FRCs are, however, limited to only tens of mWb fluxes and sub-msec lifetime. Recent progress has been made in building up the flux and sustaining the FRC current using Rotating Magnetic Fields (RMF) in the Translation, Sustainment, and Confinement (TCS) facility at the University of Washington. TCS has demonstrated formation and steady-state sustainment of standard, flux-confined, prolate FRCs. The RMF also provides stability for the n = 2 rotational mode, which is the dominant global instability observed experimentally. Simple calculations show that a strong radially inward force imposed by the RMF increases proportionally to any local outward deformation of the plasma cross section. Evidence of this has been experimentally demonstrated, and the effects of various RMF antenna geometries studied. High temperature FRCs could also be produced in TCS by translating high energy plasmoids formed in the normal theta pinch manner into the confinement chamber containing the RMF antennas. Extremely interesting results were obtained for this translation and capture process. The plasmoids can survive the violent dynamics of supersonic reflections off magnetic mirror structures, producing a stable high-β, near-FRC state with substantial flux conversion from toroidal to poloidal. This is a tribute not only to the robustness of FRCs, but also to the tendency of an FRC to assume a preferred state for a magnetized plasma. The magnetic helicity, as inferred by a simple interpretive model, is approximately preserved, possibly conforming to a high-β relaxation principle.

关键词： field reversed configuration macroinstabilities current drive

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