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Next Generation lubricants and Their Potential Use in Fertility Treatment

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Advances in Reproductive Sciences 2023年第4期11卷 106-115页

作者： Bayley Richardson Alisa White Lindsay L. Penrose Sam Prien Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Texas Tech University Health Sciences Lubbock USA Department of Animal and Food Sciences Texas Tech University Lubbock USA

While generally recognized as a potential source of contamination during the collection process, lubricants are often used at the preference of the male partner to prevent irritation. While older lubricants have been studied, there is currently no conscience within programs as to what constitutes a “safe” lubricant. The object of the current study was designed to evaluate chemically unique “next generation” lubricants in comparison to lubricants currently in use in fertility treatment and/or recognized as fertility safe;the first was a silicone-based lubricant, the second is a water-based, plant-based organic compound, in comparison to two established medical lubricants and a control. Twelve deidentified semen samples from the clinical andrology laboratory were used to test the lubricants following semen analysis. In order to enter the study, the sample had to have a minimum of 30 × 106 motile cells. Samples were then processed using a simple sperm wash modified to reconstitute the pellet into a final volume of 7 mL. Half-milliliter aliquots were then transferred into 13 wells of a standard 24-well culture plate. One well was used as a control. The remaining wells received one of the four lubricants at one of three volumes (10, 50, or 100 uL), producing 12 treatment combinations (four lubricants + 3 concentration levels) and the control. The samples were then cultured at room temperature for 24 hours. At times 0, 1, 3, 12, and 24 hrs, the plate was agitated to remix the sample, and a 4 uL aliquot of each well was analyzed for standard semen parameters using a computer-assisted semen analyzer. Results indicated the expected decrease in semen parameters over time in all treatments (P lubricants. However, samples contaminated with the newer lubricants appeared to maintain semen parameters similar to the controls at all but the 100 ul level of contamination, while the older lubricants caused decreases in sperm function at much lower concentratio

关键词： lubricants Fertility Contamination Next-Generation

EVALUATION OF lubricants FOR COLD ROLLING ALUMINUM STRIPS

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Journal of Central South University 1997年第1期9卷 65-68页

作者： Sun Jianlin Zhang Xinming(Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University ofTechnology, Changsha 410083, China) Department of Materials Science and Engineering Central South University of Technology Changsha 410083 China

Various kinds of base oils were applied to cold rolling aluminum strips on a test mill for evaluationof the influences of these base oils,aromatics contents and viscosity of base oils on their lubricating performances and surface reflectivity of rolled strips at annealing. Results showed that low friction coefficient androlling force were obtained by using the normal paraffins,whereas their contaminations on the annealed stripsurface were the same as those of other saturated hydrocarbons. Aromatics in base oil affected the stir face reflectivity of annealed strips, but the decrease of aromatics in base oil was ineffective to improve rolled stripssurface quality when it is less than 1 %. Base oil viscosity has the great influences on the lubricating performances and surface reflectivity of annealed strips just in this condition.

关键词： cold rolling lubricants aluminum strip

Kinetics approach to modeling of polymer additive degradation in lubricants

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Science China Mathematics 2001年第S1期44卷 129-135页

作者： llyaI.KUDISH RubenG.AIRAPETYAN Michael J. COVITCH Science Lubrizol Corporation Wickliffe OH 44092USA

A kinetics problem for a degrading polymer additive dissolved in a base stock is studied.The polymer degradation may be caused by the combination of such lubricant flow parameters aspressure, elongational strain rate, and temperature as well as lubricant viscosity and the polymercharacteristics (dissociation energy, bead radius, bond length, etc.). A fundamental approach tothe problem of modeling mechanically induced polymer degradation is proposed. The polymerdegradation is modeled on the basis of a kinetic equation for the density of the statistical distribu-tion of polymer molecules as a function of their molecular weight. The integrodifferential kineticequation for polymer degradation is solved numerically. The effects of pressure, elongational strainrate, temperature, and lubricant viscosity on the process of lubricant degradation are considered.The increase of pressure promotes fast degradation while the increase of temperature delaysdegradation. A comparison of a numerically calculated molecular weight distribution with an ex-perimental one obtained in bench tests showed that they are in excellent agreement with eachother.

关键词： lubricants polymers additive degradation mechanical degradation

Alkyl-tetralin base oils synthesized from coal-based chemicals and evaluation of their lubricating properties

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2023年第6期58卷 20-28页

作者： Chen Chen Qiong Tang Hong Xu Mingxing Tang Xuekuan Li Lei Liu Jinxiang Dong College of Chemical Engineering and Technology Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China Institute of Coal Chemistry Chinese Academy of SciencesTaiyuan 030001China

Naphthenic base oil is an important lubricating base oil and very scarce in the global petroleum resources.Herein,a series of alkylated tetralin fluids similar to naphthenic base oils were produced by the alkylation of tetralin and a-olefins(n-hexene,n-octene,n-decene)with ionic liquid Et_3NHCl/AlCl_(3)as the catalyst,where the applied raw materials are totally derived from the coal chemical industry.The product composition could be controlled by adjusting the feeding ratio of tetralin and olefin.The synthetic fluids were evaluated as lubricating base oils to reveal the structure-property correlations.Their principal physicochemical and tribological properties depend on the chain-length of a-olefins and the number of alkyl groups onto the aromatic rings.Bis-(octyl-or decyl-)alkyl tetralin exhibited good properties in terms of viscosity,thermo-oxidation stability and pour point,as well as friction-reducing and anti-wear performance,showing great potential for producing naphthenic base synthetic oils from coal-based chemicals.

关键词： Alkylated tetralin Product engineering Ionic liquids Structure-property correlations lubricants Preparation

Low friction of superslippery and superlubricity:A review

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Friction 2023年第7期11卷 1121-1137页

作者： Zijian ZHENG Zhiguang GUO Weimin LIU Jianbin LUO Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials Hubei UniversityWuhan 430062China State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication Lanzhou Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China State Key Laboratory of Tribology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

The issues regarding energy dissipation and component damage caused by the interface friction between a friction pair attract enormous attention to friction reduction.The key-enabling technique to realize friction reduction is the use of lubricants.The lubricants smooth the contact interfaces,achieving an ultralow friction contact,which is called superslippery or superlubricity.At present,superslippery and superlubricity are two isolated research topics.There is a lack of unified definition on superslippery and superlubricity from the viewpoint of tribology.Herein,this review aims at exploring the differences and relations between superslippery and superlubricity from their origin and application scenarios.Meanwhile,the challenges for developing superslippery surface and superlubricity surface are discussed.In addition,perspectives on the interactive development of these two surfaces are presented.We hope that our discussion can provide guidance for designing superslippery or superlubricity surfaces by using varies drag-reduction technologies.

关键词： low friction superslippery superlubricity tribology lubricants

Investigation on tribology behavior of lubricants using the coefficient of friction test method

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Science China Mathematics 2001年第S1期44卷 199-206页

作者： CAI Jiyuan GAN Quan DAI Lixia Lanzhou Branch of PetroChina Lubricating Oil Research and Development Institute, Lanzhou 730060, China

This test method is used to determine the property of lubricants by measure the pa-rameters such as the coefficient of friction, wear value and seizure load on the Four Ball Wear TestMachine. Experiments were conducted using ASTM D5183-95 Standard Test Method (StandardTest Method For Determination Of The Coefficient of Friction of lubricants Using the Four BallWear Test Machine) to measure the friction reducing ability , antiwear property and ex-treme-pressure property of different type of lubricants, the additives are also been studied at thesame time. From the test result, this test method can distinguish not only the property of differenttype of lubricants rapidly, sensitively and effectively but also can reflect the friction reducingability , antiwear property and extreme-pressure property of various additive formula.

关键词： the coefficient of ftiction lubricants additive synergistic mechanism

Solid FeS lubricant: a possible alternative to MoS2 for Cu–Fe-based friction materials

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2017年第11期24卷 1278-1283页

作者： Tao Peng Qing-zhi Yan Xiao-lu Zhang Xiao-jiao Shi Laboratory of Special Ceramics and Powder Metallurgy University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China

Molybdenum disulfide(MoS_2) is one of the most commonly used solid lubricants for Cu–Fe-based friction materials. Nevertheless, MoS_2 reacts with metal matrices to produce metal sulfides(e.g., FeS) and Mo during sintering, and the lubricity of the composite may be related to the generation of FeS. Herein, the use of FeS as an alternative to MoS_2 for producing Cu–Fe-based friction materials was investigated. According to the reaction principle of thermodynamics, two composites—one with MoS_2(Fe–Cu–MoS_2 sample) and the other with FeS(FeS–Cu_2S–Cu–Fe–Mo sample), were prepared and their friction behaviors and mechanical properties were compared. The results showed that MoS_2 reacted with the Cu–Fe matrix to produce FeS, metallic ternary sulfides, and Mo when sintered at 1050°C. The MoS_2–Cu–Fe and FeS–Cu_2S–Cu–Fe–Mo samples thereby exhibited similar characteristics with respect to phase composition, density, hardness, and tribological behaviors. Micrographs of the worn surfaces revealed that the stable friction regime for both composites stemmed from the iron sulfides friction layers rather than from the molybdenum sulfides layers.

关键词： friction materials solid lubricants iron sulfides molybdenum sulfides

Evaluation of bearing, gears and gearboxes performance with different wind turbine gear oils

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Friction 2015年第4期3卷 275-286页

作者： Ramiro Carneiro MARTINS Carlos M.C.G.FERNANDES Jorge H.O.SEABRA INEGI Universidade do PortoPortoPortugal Faculdade de Engenharia Universidade do PortoPortoPortugal

The oil viscosity specification for wind turbine gear oils is ISO VG 320,although there are quite different viscosity indexes oils for that viscosity specification.This work evaluates the behaviour of different base oil formulations,since polyalphaolefin(PAO),mineral,ester and polyalkeleneglycol(PAG)that withstand quite different viscosity indexes.The oils evaluation was done in rolling bearing tests and gear tests.Their behaviour was compared for operating conditions in the range observable in a wind turbine gearbox.The experimental results showed considerable differences between the different oils and it was observed that depending on the contact type the relative behaviour of the lubricants would change,i.e.,the best lubricant for the rolling bearing would not imply the best result on the gear tests.The gear geometry is also very important toward the transmission efficiency,once using a low loss gear concept a decrease of up to 25%in torque loss could be achieved.Numerical models were implemented with the purpose of performing a better simulation of the mechanical system and also to obtain the friction coefficient promoted by the tested oils.

关键词： gears rolling bearings friction coefficient lubricants efficiency

纺织助剂──lubricants的综合分析

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辽宁化工 1996年第2期25卷 60-62页

作者：王卫红张纯希张凯大连轻化工研究所

本文对纺织助－Ｌｕｂｒｉｃａｎｔｓ，采用溶剂萃取、化学分解、红外光谱、气相色谱分子量测定等方法进行系统分离与鉴定及分析，作了详细的介绍。

关键词：纺织助剂综合分析 lubricants 油剂