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lower-limb Motion-Based Ankle-Foot Movement Classification Using 2D-CNN

Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第10期73卷 1269-1282页

作者： Narathip Chaobankoh Tallit Jumphoo Monthippa Uthansakul Khomdet Phapatanaburi Bura Sindthupakorn Supakit Rooppakhun Peerapong Uthansakul School of Telecommunication Engineering Institute of EngineeringSuranaree University of TechnologyNakhon Ratchasima30000Thailand Department of Telecommunications Engineering Faculty of Engineering and TechnologyRajamangala University of Technology Isan(RMUTI)Nakhon Ratchasima30000Thailand Orthopedic Department School of Medicine Suranaree University of TechnologyNakhon Ratchasima30000Thailand School of Mechanical Engineering Institute of EngineeringSuranaree University of TechnologyNakhon Ratchasima30000Thailand

Recently,the Muscle-Computer Interface(MCI)has been extensively popular for employing Electromyography(EMG)signals to help the development of various assistive devices.However,few studies have focused on ankle foot movement classification considering EMG signals at limb position.This work proposes a new framework considering two EMG signals at a lower-limb position to classify the ankle movement characteristics based on normal walking cycles.For this purpose,we introduce a human anklefoot movement classification method using a two-dimensional-convolutional neural network(2D-CNN)with low-cost EMG sensors based on lowerlimb motion.The time-domain signals of EMG obtained from two sensors belonging to Dorsiflexion,Neutral-position,and Plantarflexion are firstly converted into time-frequency spectrograms by short-time Fourier transform.Afterward,the spectrograms of the three ankle-foot movement types are used as input to the 2D-CNN such that the EMG foot movement types are finally classified.For the evaluation phase,the proposed method is investigated using the healthy volunteer for 5-fold cross-validation,and the accuracy is used as a standard evaluation.The results demonstrate that our approach provides an average accuracy of 99.34%.This exhibits the usefulness of 2D-CNN with low-cost EMG sensors in terms of ankle-foot movement classification at limb position,which offers feasibility for walking.However,the obtained EMG signal is not directly considered at the ankle position.

关键词： Electromyography neural network tibialis anterior muscle gastrocnemius muscle convolution neural network spectrogram lower limb

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Bionic limb replacement:an evolving concept in lower extremity reconstruction

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Plastic and Aesthetic Research 2022年第1期9卷 274-283页

作者： Kavit R.Amin Division of Cell Matrix Biology&Regenerative Medicine The University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUK

limb loss is disabling and carries significant functional and psychological repercussions to both the individual and society.The numbers of amputees are forecasted to double by 2050 from vascular disease and diabetes alone.Europe has 4.66 million amputees(431,000 amputations per year)and the United States 2 million amputees(185,000 amputations per year).Microvascular expertise is now more commonplace,increasing the likelihood of limb salvage and replantation.Further reconstructive input can take advantage of nerve and tendon grafting/transfers,free tissue transfer,and complex bone reconstruction.When this strategy does not satisfy individual needs,such as that seen with unstable soft tissues,amputation may be requested or offered.In part,the decision for salvage,replantation,or amputation in the future is likely to be guided by the sophistication of limb substitutes.This review will introduce the growing domain of bionics and where research in this area may deliver a sought clinical need.

关键词： lower limb lower extremity amputation transplantation prosthesis neural interface bionic limb

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A Human Active lower limb Model for Chinese Pedestrian Safety Evaluation

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2021年第4期18卷 872-886页

作者： Fuhao Mo Dian Luo Zheng Tan Bo Shang Xiaojiang Lv Donghua Zhou State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacture for Vehicle Body Hunan UniversityHunan 410082China School of Mechanical Engineerings Hunan University of Science and Technology Xiangtan 411201China Pan Asia Technical Automotive Center Co. LtdShanghai 201201China Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Automobile Safety Technology Geely Automobile Research InstituteNingbo 315336China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine Shanghai Forensic Service PlatformAcademy of Forensic ScienceMinistry of JusticeShanghai 200063China

A subsystem impactor test for pedestrian lower limb injury evaluation has been brought in China New Car Assessment Protocol(CNCAP).Concerning large anthropometric differences of the people from different countries,the present study aims to establish and validate a finite element lower limb model representing 50th Chinese male size for pedestrian safety research,then compare its biomechanical responses with the general models currently in wide use in the world for pedestrian safety evaluation.Concerning the vehicle-pedestrian impact loading environment,the previously developed lower limb model with three-dimensional muscles was adjusted and validated through the related experiments.Then,the biomechanical responses of the validated model were compared with the Total Human Model for Safety(THUMS)and Advanced Pedestrian Legform Impactor(aPLI)models by combing with four typical vehicles.The results showed that both consistency and significant differences of biomechanical responses existed between the present model and the other two models.The injury measurements of the thigh region of the present model showed extremely large differences with the other two models,while the tibia and Medial Collateral Ligament(MCL)injury measurements show similar values.Thus,it can be concluded that directly using the aPLI or THUMS models for Chinese pedestrian safety evaluation is not robust concerning both kinematic responses and injury measurements.

关键词： lower limb injury biomechanics human body modeling pedestrian safety finite element analysis

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Equalisation of lower limb Length in Young Adults Using Internal Osteosynthesis: A Case Report of 22 Patients

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2023年第8期13卷 335-342页

作者： Mohamed Idrissa Seidou Issa Soumana Yahaya Ali Moussa Niandou Abassa Seyni Zirbine Adoul Aziz Seini Badio Seyni Souna Badio Traumatology and Orthopedics Department Amirou Boubacar Diallo National Hospital Niamey Niger Faculty of Health Sciences Abdou Moumouni University of Niamey Niamey Niger

Introduction: Inequality in the length of the lower limbs has an impact on the stability and function of the musculoskeletal system because of the imbalance it causes in our bodies. Several treatment modalities were used by practitioners. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anatomical and functional results of length equalisation of the lower limbs using internal osteosynthesis in the Orthopaedic and Traumatological Surgery Department of the Amirou Boubacar Diallo National Hospital in Niamey. Patients and method: This was a retrospective, prospective study of 22 patients from January 2010 to November 2015, a period of 5 years. The patients concerned were aged at least 18 years and had undergone a femoral shortening osteotomy not exceeding 5 cm on the contralateral healthy limb with a screw plate as the internal osteosynthesis device. Results: The average age of our patients was 24.18 years (18 to 48 years). The etiologies of these length inequalities were: vascular 54.55% (n = 12), post-traumatic 27.27% (n = 6), post-infectious 13.64% (n = 3) and neuromuscular 4.54% (n = 1). The mean length inequality of our patients was 4.93 cm, with extremes ranging from 4 to 8 cm. At an average follow-up of 6.5 months (6 to 24 months), our functional results were satisfactory overall. Discussion: Despite the significant nature of our initial inequalities, which were moderate and severe, we ended up with slight inequalities or even total correction for some of our patients. Conclusion: Inequality in the length of the lower limbs is a handicap that requires appropriate management.

关键词： Equalisation Length lower limb Internal Osteosynthesis

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A Novel Force Control Method of lower limb Exoskeleton Based on Dual Foot Force Sensors

A Novel Force Control Method of Lower Limb Exoskeleton Based...

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第30届中国控制与决策会议

作者： Han Wu Hongxu Ma Qing Wei Jian Wang Honglei An College of Intelligence Science and Engineering National University of Defense Technology

Exoskeleton is a kind of wearable robot that can help human achieve special targets. The study comes up with a novel force control method based on dual foot force sensors, named proportional force control. First a dual foot force sensors mechanism is introduced, and then a simpler one dimension lower limb model is presented in order to analysis the human machine system conveniently. After that two normal control methods（trajectory tracking control and desired force control） are listed for the purpose of being compared with the proportional force control. At last simulations are carried out and the results show that force control based on dual foot force sensors can augment human strength proportionally as well as feedback pilots a kind of directly perceived feeling.

关键词： Exoskeleton lower limb Force Control Augmentation

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Cable-Driven Flexible Exoskeleton Robot for Abnormal Gait Rehabilitation

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Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong university(Science) 2022年第2期27卷 231-239页

作者：徐子薇谢叻 School of Biomedical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200030China Institute of Medical Robotics Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200030China Institute of Forming Technology&Equipment Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200030China

The number of people with abnormal gait in China has been increasing for years.Compared with traditional methods,lower limb rehabilitation robots which address problems such as longstanding human guidance may cause fatigue,and the training is lacking scientific and intuitive monitoring data.However,typical rigid rehabilitation robots are always meeting drawbacks like the enormous weight,the limitation of joint movement,and low comfort.The purpose of this research is to design a cable-driven flexible exoskeleton robot to assist in rehabilitation training of patients who have abnormal gait due to low-level hemiplegia or senility.The system consists of a PC terminal,a Raspberry Pi,and the actuator structure.Monitoring and training are realized through remote operation and interactive interface simultaneously.We designed an integrated and miniaturized driving control box.Inside the box,two driving cables on customized pulley-blocks with different radii can retract/release by one motor after transmitting the target position to the Raspberry Pi from the PC.The force could be transferred to the flexible suit to aid hip flexion and ankle plantar flexion.Furthermore,the passive elastic structure was intended to assist ankle dorsiflexion.We also adopted the predictable admittance controller,which uses the Prophet algorithm to predict the changes in the next five gait cycles from the current ankle angular velocity and obtain the ideal force curve through a functional relationship.The admittance controller can realize the desired force following.Finally,we finished the performance test and the human-subject experiment.Experimental data indicate that the exoskeleton can meet the basic demand of multi-joint assistance and improve abnormal postures.Meanwhile,it can increase the range of joint rotation and eliminate asymmetrical during walking.

关键词： flexible rehabilitation exoskeleton lower limb cable-driven abnormal gait

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Fascist Leg Necrosis at the Bocar Sidi Sall University Hospital (BSS) in Kati (Mali)

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Surgical Science 2022年第3期13卷 119-123页

作者： Abdoulaye Diarra Assitan Koné Amadou Traoré Koniba Kéïta Idrissa Tounkara Tounkara Issa Traoré Oumou Traoré Boubacar Karembé Madiassa Konaté Oulématou Coulibaly Modibo Togola Daouda Diallo Alhassane Traoré Bkary Tientigui Dembélé Ibrahim Diakité Adégné Togo Department of General Surgery Kati University Hospital Kati Mali Department of General Surgery CHU Gabriel Touré Bamako Mali Department of Anesthesia and Resuscitation CHU of Kati Kati Mali

Necrotizing fasciitis is a bacterial dermo-hypodermitis of necrotizing type with involvement of the superficial fascia of the muscles. We report the case of a 50-year-old patient with necrotizing fasciitis of the left leg following erysipelas. Clinical Case: A 50-year-old patient, received at the emergency department for necrotizing wound of the left leg, evolving for 25 days. The examination of the patient made it possible to find: an alteration of the general condition with a WHO score classified stage II. A necrotizing wound of the lower 2/3 of the left leg and the dorsal side of the left foot allowing pus to flow in places, the pedious pulse was well perceived, lymphadenopathy at the root of the homolateral thigh. The complete blood count made it possible to objectify a predominantly neutrophil hyperleukocytosis greater than 10,000/mm3. We first carried out a complete debridement of the necrotic tissues, in a second time we took the patient back to do the autocutaneous graft. The surgical follow-up was simple. Conclusion: Necrotizing fasciitis is a serious infection, management is multidisciplinary.

关键词： Necrotizing Fasciitis lower limb Kati Mali

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Epidemiological and Clinical Pattern of Open Fractures of Long Bones of the lower limbs in the South-West Region of Cameroon: A 5-Year Review

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2021年第9期11卷 278-287页

作者： Chunteng T. Nana Fokam Pius Mokake N. Martin Morane Mbongnu Sam D. Movuh Freddy Mertens Bombah Ndasi Henry Palle J. Ngunde A. Chichom-Mefire Department of Surgery Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Departement of surgery Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon

Background: An open fracture is an injury in which the fracture site and/or hematoma communicates with the external environment. It is associated with significant morbidity and disability and is a challenge to the surgical team. The lower extremities are the most often exposed to traumatic injuries compared to other anatomical parts of the body. Patterns of open fractures differ with different mechanisms of injury and the segment of the long bone affected. The correct and timely management of open fractures is beneficial to the patients and leads to a more favorable outcome. This study aimed at describing the pattern of open fractures of long bones of the lower limb treated in 3 major hospitals of the south west region, Cameroon. Methodology: This was a hospital-based retrospective review of files of patients with open fractures of long bones of the lower limb managed at the surgical units of three secondary health facilities in the South-West region of Cameroon from the 1st of January 2015 to the 31st of December 2019. The socio-demographic characteristics, clinical presentation, treatment modalities, and outcomes were recorded. The data was stored and analyzed using Epi info version 7.0 and SPSS version 23.0 respectively. Results: A total of 195 files of patients aged 8 to 80 years were studied. The main age group affected was between 20 -

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Hybrid Common Femoral Artery Surgical Revascularization Associated to Endovascular Femoropopliteal Recanalization in High-Risk (ASA 3 - 4) Patients: A Seven-Year Period Institutional Experience

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2016年第2期6卷 31-43页

作者： Vlad-Adrian Alexandrescu Jean-Luc Jacquemin Pierre-Arnaud Wuidar Khalid Azdad François Triffaux Department of Vascular Surgery Princess Paola Hospital Marche-en-Famenne Belgium Department of Anesthesiology Princess Paola Hospital Marche-en-Famenne Belgium Department of Radiology Princess Paola Hospital Marche-en-Famenne Belgium

Objective: The present study was conceived to analyze the clinical benefit of hybrid interventions with surgical common femoral artery (CFA) reconstruction coupled to superficial femoral/popliteal endovascular recanalization for severe infrainguinal multilevel occlusive disease in high-risk ASA Class 3 - 4 patients. Material and Methods: From August 2008 until May 2015, a series of 143 hybrid infrainguinal interventions in 124 ASA Class 3 - 4 patients were performed in our department for Rutherford category 2 - 6 ischemic presentations. Patient demographics, specific risk factors, technical characteristics and patency results were retrospectively examined during a mean 36.8 months of follow-up. In a majority of 94 limbs (65%), the endovascular stage of interventions focused on long (>15 cm) femoropopliteal occlusions in parallel to regular CFA surgical revascularization. Two or three runoff tibial trunks were evinced in 84% cases, while one or none permeable vessel was found in 23 (16%) limbs. Results: Inasmuch surgical approach was successful in all cases, the endovascular stage was technically profitable in 134 (93%) cases. The ABI posto-peratively improved (>1.5) in 73% of cases, while clinical presentation gained at least one Rutherford category in 89% limbs. The mean hospital stay was 6.1 days (3 - 12 days) whereas the 30-day mortality rate in this homogeneous “high-risk” group of patients was 3.2%. Global risk factors alike age (>70 years/p = 0.0005), smoking ((p = 0.0170) and female gender (p = 0.0111), together with CTOs length (>15 cm/(p = 0.0470), severe calcifications (p = 0.0001), poor tibial runoff (p = 0.0001), TASC “C” and “D” lesions (p = 0.360 and (p = 0.0394), the stent number ((n = 3) and length (>6 cm) ((p = 0.0039 and (p = 0.0003) and the initial ABI scoring ((p = 0.0051) showed statistical negative influence on primary patency. Conclusion: Hybrid infrainguinal revascularization may afford useful results in selected ASA “high risk” patients, owning low invasiveness, reproducibility and accept

关键词： Hybrid Endarterectomy Endovascular Procedures High-Risk Patients Subintimal Angioplasty lower limb

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Postischemic lower Extremity Wounds Treated with and without Negative Pressure Dressing

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Surgical Science 2012年第7期3卷 376-380页

作者： Nazım Gumus Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery DepartmentMedical Faculty of Cumhuriyet UniversitySivasTurkey

Background: Vacuum-assisted dressing is a noninvasive closure system of the wound, which makes localized and controlled negative pressure. Its mechanical tension reduces edema, stimulates granulation tissue formation and angiogenesis, and prepares the wound bed for closure. In this study, a patient has been presented, who suffered from serious lower extremity wounds due to arterial emboli, one of her wounds has been treated with vacuum-assisted dressing and the other with conventional dressing to evaluate the efficacy of vacuum-assisted dressing in acute ischemic wounds. Methods: A 65-year-old female patient was admitted to the emergency clinic, due to complaint of severe pain in her right lower extremity which suggested an acute arterial occlusion. She immediately underwent an embolectomy operation;however, a few days later, severe ischemia on the leg and foot became appearant. All of the necrosis was sharply debrided under sterile conditions in the operating room, and then lower leg wound was covered with vacuum-assisted dressing, also calcaneal wound was dressed with silver sulphadiazine. Results: Eighteen days after the first dressing with negative pressure, distal leg wound became ready for closure, whereas, enough granulation tissue over the calcaneal area developed merely thirty-four days later. Calcaneal wound closed spontaneously within fifty-three days. Conclusions: When dealing with this experience, using the negative pressure dressing in patient with severe lower limb wounds following arterial emboli, accelerates wound healing by means of developing the granulation tissue, and rapidly prepares the wound for closure, so it may reduce the risk of amputation.

关键词： Negative Pressure Dressing Ischemia Emboli lower limb Diabetes Mellitus

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