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Developing occupant archetypes within urban low-income housing: A case study in Mumbai, India

Building Simulation 2022年第9期15卷 1661-1683页

作者： Jeetika Malik Ronita Bardhan Tianzhen Hong Mary Ann Piette Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 1 Cyclotron RoadBerkeleyCA 94720USA Centre for Urban Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology BombayMumbai-400076India Department of Architecture University of CambridgeCB2 IPXUK

Rapid urbanization pressure and poverty have created a push for affordable housing within the global south.The design of affordable housing can have consequences on the thermal(dis)comfort and behaviour of the occupants,hence requiring an occupant-centric approach to ensure sustainability.This paper investigates occupant behaviour within the urban poor households of Mumbai,India and its impact on their thermal comfort and energy use.This study is a first-of-its-kind attempt to explore the socio-demographic characteristics and energy-related behaviour of low-income occupants within Indian context.Three occupant archetypes,Indifferent Consumers;Considerate Savers;and Conscious Conventionals,were identified from the behavioural and psychographic characteristics gathered through a transverse field survey.A two-step clustering approach was adopted for occupant segmentation that highlighted considerable diversity in occupants’adaptation measures,energy knowledge,energy habits,and their pro-environmental behaviour within similar socio-economic group.Building energy simulation of the representative archetype behaviour estimated up to 37%variations for air-conditioned and up to 8%variation for fan-assisted naturally ventilated housing units during peak summer months.The results from this study establish the significance of occupant factors in shaping energy demand and thermal comfort within low-income housing and pave way for developing occupant-centric building design strategies to serve this marginalized population.The developed low-income occupant archetypes would be useful for architects and energy modelers to generate realistic energy use profiles and improve building performance simulation results.

关键词： occupant archetype behaviour energy use thermal comfort low-income housing

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Evaluation of thermal comfort and air quality of low-income housing in Kampala City,Uganda

Energy and Built Environment

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Energy and Built Environment 2022年第4期3卷 508-524页

作者： Derrick Kajjoba Hillary Kasedde Peter W.Olupot Joseph D.Lwanyaga Department of Mechanical Engineering College of EngineeringDesignArt and TechnologyMakerere UniversityP.O Box 7062KampalaUganda Department of Mining and Water Resources Engineering Faculty of EngineeringBusitema UniversityP.O.Box236TororoUganda

This paper presents the results of thermal comfort and air quality studies in naturally ventilated residential buildings in Kampala City,Uganda.Questionnaire surveys were used for obtaining occupant subjective thermal sensation votes.Indoor and outdoor measurements for air temperature(T_(a)),Mean Radiant Temperature(MRT),relative humidity,air speed,and air quality were done for seven buildings over fifteen days during the month of June 2019.DesignBuilder software was used to develop the reference building model and to simulate strategies for improvement of thermal comfort.Survey results showed that 67.8%of the respondents were comfortable with the indoor thermal environment.The indoor air temperature range was 22.7℃-27.9℃ which lies within the 80%acceptable limits set by ASHRAE 55.The measured indoor MRT range was 24.24℃-25.57℃.Measured levels of indoor PM_(2.5)were double the World Health Organization recommended limits,while the levels of PM 10 were thrice the recommended limits of ASHRAE 62.1.The CO_(2)concentrations were within the limits set by ASHRAE 62.1.The developed model predicted comfortable indoor conditions with a temperature range of 23.6℃-25.3℃ based on the 80%acceptable limits set by ASHRAE 55.The results show that majority of occupants preferred cooler temperatures during the day which is justified by the use of adaptive measures to obtain thermal comfort.

关键词： Thermal comfort Air quality Natural ventilation low-income housing Uganda

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