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Drug delivery systems for colorectal cancer chemotherapy

Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第2期35卷 163-175页

作者： Wen Chen Kun Shi Yan Yu Peipei Yang Zhongwu Bei Dong Mo Liping Yuan Meng Pan Yu Chen Zhiyong Qian Department of Biotherapy Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China

Colorectal cancer causes the third most common type of malignant tumors with high morbidity and *** is currently one of the most effective and common treatments for colorectal ***,the poor water solubility of some chemotherapeutics,untargeted drug delivery,and the undesirable systemic side effects of conventional treatment remain the major issues for colorectal cancer ***,drug delivery systems(DDS)based on biomaterials have been widely investigated and found to be capable of resolving those issues with good ***,the main goal of this review is to summarize and discuss the progress and potential advantages of different DDS for colorectal cancer *** not only reviewed the nanocarriers used to improve the solubility of chemotherapeutics,including liposomes,micelles,and nanoparticles,but also discussed targeted DDS based on specific ligand-receptor recognition and tumor microenvironmental stimulus ***,locally administered systems based on hydrogels and microspheres,which have been shown to increase drug accumulation at the tumor site while decreasing systemic toxicity,were also *** provides a good option for improving the efficacy of chemotherapy in the treatment of colorectal cancer.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Chemotherapy Drug delivery systems Solubility Targeted local administration

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Enzyme-instructed hybrid nanogel/nanofiber oligopeptide hydrogel for localized protein delivery

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2021年第7期11卷 2070-2079页

作者： Tianyue Jiang Yudi Ma Xiao Xu Qingchun Ji Mingxing Feng Cheng Cheng Yang Feng Bingfang He Ran Mo School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 211816China State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic DiseasesCenter of Advanced Pharmaceuticals and BiomaterialsChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing 210009China

Enzyme-catalysis self-assembled oligopeptide hydrogel holds great interest in drug delivery,which has merits of biocompatibility,biodegradability and mild gelation ***,its application for protein delivery is greatly limited by inevitable degradation of enzyme on the encapsulated proteins leading to loss of protein ***,for the intracellularly acted proteins,cell membrane as a primary barrier hinders the transmembrane delivery of *** internalized proteins also suffer from acidic and enzymatic degradation in endosomes and *** herein develop a proteasemanipulated hybrid nanogel/nanofiber hydrogel for localized delivery of intracellularly acted *** embedded polymeric nanogels(CytoC/aNGs)preserve activity of cytochrome c(CytoC)that is an intracellular activator for cell apoptosis as a model protein against proteolysis,and do not affect the gelation properties of the protease-catalysis assembled *** injectable hydrogel(CytoC/aNGs/Gel)serves as a reservoir to enhance intratumoral retention and realize sustainable release of CytoC/*** released CytoC/aNGs increase cellular uptake of CytoC and enhance its intracellular delivery to its target site,cytoplasm,resulting in favorable apoptosis-inducing and cytotoxic *** show that a single local administration of CytoC/aNGs/Gel efficiently inhibit the tumor growth in the breast tumor mouse model.

关键词： Protein delivery Oligopeptide hydrogel Nanogel Enzymatic catalysis Cytochrome c Apoptosis local administration Cancer therapy

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The Fragmentation of Enforcement Powers under China's Anti-Monopoly Law of 2007

The Fragmentation of Enforcement Powers under China's Anti-M...

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作者： Leduc.Pauline IsaureTatiana 复旦大学

学位级别：硕士

China's Anti-Monopoly Law was adopted on August 30,2007 for the purposes of furthering the establishment of a strong and integrated domestic market, increasing Chinese enterprises'competitiveness in the context on China's accession to the World Trade Organization, and defending consumers'*** was certainly an important gesture, directed both outward, towards the international community and multinational enterprises, and inward, towards powerful market actors such as State-Owned Enterprises and regional champions, trade associations, local administrations. Yet, it failed at reforming the structures in charge of implementing competition policies in *** Anti-Monopoly Law of 2007 consecrated the division of powers between three administrations, the NDRC, the SAIC, and the Ministry of Commerce, and between central and provincial level of ***, contrary to the early predictions of scholars and lawyers, the AML is implemented. After a slow start, the enforcement authorities have been investigating and closing cases, and they are evolving in order to become more effective. Regional disparities exist, with regards to their level of activities. Otherwise, the SAIC appears to rely on its provincial offices, whereas the NDRC has been more implicated and could qualify for a leading position if the antitrust structures were to be reformed and merged into an unique ***, even though the different decisions published have been coherent with each other so far, the enforcement authorities would increase their efficiency, and their credibility if they were to be united. A better coordination and diffusion of awareness of the law is necessary, and the unification of the enforcement resources under an unique agency or coordination body would be ideal. In any event, the relation between administrative and judiciary enforcements should also be *** essay focuses in particular on the role of the NDRC and the SAIC, as they have similar ma

关键词： Anti-Monopoly Law(AML) China competition policy implementation local administration NDRC SAIC

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Potential Antimicrobial Effects of Gatifloxacin on Periodontopathic Bacteria in Vitro

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2016年第7期9卷 354-359页

作者： Tadashi Miura Koji Tanabe Eri Tsukagoshi Koichi Kida Yasuhiko Shizawa Nahoko Miyake Masataka Kasahara Masao Yoshinari Division of Oral Implants Research Oral Health Science Center Tokyo Dental College Tokyo Japan Department of Pharmacology Tokyo Dental College Tokyo Japan Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Implantology Tokyo Dental College Tokyo Japan Department of Liberal Arts College of Bioresource Sciences Nihon University Kanagawa Japan Department of Removable Partial Prosthodontics Tokyo Dental College Tokyo Japan

The aim of this study was to identify the potential antibacterial effects of gatifloxacin on periodontal pathogens including Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingi-valis, and Prevotella intermedia. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of gatifloxacin and its bactericidal effects were investigated. Gatifloxacin inhibited the growth of all three kinds of periodontopathic bacteria tested in broth. The MIC value of 2.5 nM was found to be the most effective in inhibiting A. actinomycetemcomitans. An adenosine triphosphate biolumi-nescence assay revealed that gatifloxacin exhibited bactericidal effects on the tested bacteria in a time-dependent manner. The safety of gatifloxacin in mammalian cells was evaluated by assessing the viability of normal human dermal fibroblast (NHDF) cells treated with gatifloxacin. Almost all NHDF cells survived after 2-d culture, while 81% of the cells survived after 4-d culture when treated with 1.0 × 103 nM gatifloxacin. These results indicate that gatifloxacin is a possible drug for local administration to prevent periodontal infection.

关键词： local administration Peri-Implantitis Periodontopathic Bacteria Antimicrobial Activity Gatifloxacin

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local injection of liposomal adriamycin to inhibit metastatic cell proliferation in axillary nodes in rabbits bearing breast tumors

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Journal of Medical Colleges of PLA(China) 2007年第2期22卷 72-76页

作者：李冬陈江浩王岭姚青凌瑞李郁陈涛 Department of Vascular and Endocrine Surgery Xijing Hospital Fourth Military Medical University Cell Engineering Research Center Fourth Military Medical University Shaanxi Liposome Research Center

Objective: To assess the inhibitory effects of local injection of liposomal adriamycin (LADR) on the proliferation of lymph node metastases in rabbits bearing VX2 carcinoma in the mammary gland. Methods:Thirty female New Zealand white rabbits were divided into 3 groups, with 10 in each. VX2 tumor mass suspensions were injected into the breast tissues of rabbits. Treatment initiated once the axillary lymph node reached 5 mm in the maximum diameter. Group 1 received a sham treatment. Group 2 received a subcutaneous injection of LADR adjacent to tumor. Group 3 received an intravenous injection of free ADR (FADR) at the same dose and concentration to group 2. The breast tumors and axillary lymph nodes were resected after the treatment was repeated 3 times. The tumor and node sizes before and after treatment were measured. PCNA mRNA expressions in breast tumors and axillary nodes were determined using RT-PCR. Results: The mean growth ratios of lymph nodes after treatment were 3. 70, 1. 55, and 2. 89,respectively, in groups 1,2, and 3. The slowest node growth was observed in animals of group 2, with significant differences from group 1 (Plocal LADR injection. Conclusion: local injection of LADR holds a strong inhibitory effect on the proliferation of metastatic tumor cells in lymph nodes and appears to be an effective method for the treatment of lymphatic metastases of breast cancer.

关键词： breast cancer liposomal adriamycin local administration lymph node

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明清江南的“蠹吏”

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明清史 2014年第6期

作者：冯贤亮

明清时期江南地区是全国的财赋重地，州县行政极为繁难。州县衙门中庞大的胥吏群体，对于地方社会与王朝统治有着不可忽视的影响与作用。但因胥吏出身低微而且长期以本籍身份承担本地行政工作，多被流动性极强的州县官员们视为一种可怕... 详细信息

明清时期江南地区是全国的财赋重地，州县行政极为繁难。州县衙门中庞大的胥吏群体，对于地方社会与王朝统治有着不可忽视的影响与作用。但因胥吏出身低微而且长期以本籍身份承担本地行政工作，多被流动性极强的州县官员们视为一种可怕的力量。他们在州县社会生活中所起的重要作用，与其腐败堕落是同时并存的。地方官必须依赖这个群体在有限的任期内，完成朝廷要求的催科抚字之重任，因而衙役们的豪横及其腐败贪虐行径，更难被有效地抑制或消除，在一定程度上纵容了衙役层的滥用权力和政府腐败的产生。可以说，差役借势扰民，胥吏舞文乱法，是明清两代中国地方社会生活中的普遍情形。

关键词：江南州县行政胥吏社会变迁 Jiangnan delta local administration petty officials social changes

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出土简牍所见秦代地方行政运行的空间结构

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先秦、秦汉史 2023年第4期

作者：郭涛

秦汉时期的地方行政运行于特定的政治空间结构之中，大量面世的秦汉简牍有助于揭示其整体面貌。宏观层面，从战国秦到天下秦时期，疆域范围由不断东进到南北扩张，结构从中县道小圈层逐渐演变为全国性的五大圈层，组织形态从封君郡县并... 详细信息

秦汉时期的地方行政运行于特定的政治空间结构之中，大量面世的秦汉简牍有助于揭示其整体面貌。宏观层面，从战国秦到天下秦时期，疆域范围由不断东进到南北扩张，结构从中县道小圈层逐渐演变为全国性的五大圈层，组织形态从封君郡县并存到海内为郡县，统县政区由37个增加到49个。平行与垂直管理系统交叠，多元组织单元互补造就了帝制早期地方行政的条块结构。中观层面，郡县之“都”是秦汉地方行政运行落地的核心场域。县城内部空间经过规划，以各种形式的墙垣、门、道路进行分割和连接。城墙之内为生活区和行政区，包括官府办公的“寺”，黔首聚居的“里”和交易场所“市”。都与邑、乡与聚不仅存在地理上的空间分野，也保持着行政上的联结和互动；离邑和城墙之外的散村聚落受到中心城市和城内的制约，无法脱离地方行政独立运行。微观层面，县乡之“廷”是帝国末端行政的中枢机构。县廷衙署遗址内分布着办公场所等建筑景观群和水系、道路；结构上廷内分曹，与廷外的官相连接。道路交通网络是秦汉地方行政运行的渠道，体现并促进了帝国权力在地方的纵深；国家权力的主导构筑了一个不断变动的多版块、多类型、多层次的地方行政运行空间复合体。

关键词：地方行政政治空间秦代简牍圈层结构 local administration potical spatial Qin Dynasty bamboo slips ring structure

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论善治理论在我国地方公共管理中的适用性

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公共行政 2008年第6期

作者：颜佳华王升平

自善治理论被引介到国内以来，针对其在中国地方公共管理中的适用性问题，学者们从不同的角度进行了探讨。但是，人们大都把目光集中在善治理论与我国国情的适配性上，而很少对善治理论本身进行深入的、批判性的反思。然而，一种理论是... 详细信息

自善治理论被引介到国内以来，针对其在中国地方公共管理中的适用性问题，学者们从不同的角度进行了探讨。但是，人们大都把目光集中在善治理论与我国国情的适配性上，而很少对善治理论本身进行深入的、批判性的反思。然而，一种理论是否适用于我国的地方公共管理，起决定作用的是理论本身的科学性与成熟性。善治理论在哲学基础、价值取向及对待官僚制的态度上都存在着一些偏误和不成熟之处，因此，如何科学地借鉴善治理论，成为在地方公共管理实践中所应特别加以关注的问题。

关键词：善治理论缺失地方公共管理适用性 good governance theoretical shortcoming local administration applicability

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