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IQ67 DOMAIN protein 21 is critical for indentation formation in pavement cell morphogenesis

Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2023年第3期65卷 721-738页

作者： Xinhua Feng Shujuan Pan Haifu Tu Junjie Huang Chuanlei Xiao Xin Shen Lei You Xinyan Zhao Yongqiang Chen Danyun Xu Xiaolu Qu Honghong Hu National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism Medical Research InstituteWuhan UniversityWuhan 430070China Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201602China Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology(MOE) College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China

In plants, cortical microtubules anchor to the plasma membrane in arrays and play important roles in cell shape. However, the molecular mechanism of microtubule binding proteins, which connect the plasma membrane and cortical microtubules in cell morphology remains largely unknown. Here, we report that a plasma membrane and microtubule duallocalized IQ67 domain protein, IQD21, is critical for cotyledon pavement cell(PC) morphogenesis in Arabidopsis. iqd21 mutation caused increased indentation width, decreased lobe length, and similar lobe number of PCs, whereas IQD21 overexpression had a different effect on cotyledon PC shape. Weak overexpression led to increased lobe number, decreased indentation width, and similar lobe length, while moderate or great overexpression resulted in decreased lobe number, indentation width, and lobe length of PCs. Live-cell observations revealed that IQD21 accumulation at indentation regions correlates with lobe initiation and outgrowth during PC development. Cell biological and genetic approaches revealed that IQD21 promotes transfacial microtubules anchoring to the plasma membrane via its polybasic sites and bundling at the indentation regions in both periclinal and anticlinal walls. IQD21 controls cortical microtubule organization mainly through promoting Katanin 1-mediated microtubule severing during PC interdigitation. These findings provide the genetic evidence that transfacial microtubule arrays play a determinant role in lobe formation, and the insight into the molecular mechanism of IQD21 in transfacial microtubule organization at indentations and puzzle-shaped PC development.

关键词： IQD21 KTN1 lobe outgrowth pavement cell interdigitation transfacial microtubules

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