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Mechanical strength of wheat grain varieties influenced by moisture content and loading rate

International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2018年第4期11卷 52-57页

作者： Yaoming Li Farman Ali Chandio Zheng Ma Imran Ali Lakhiar Abdul Razaque Sahito Fiaz Ahmad Irshad Ali Mari Umer Farooq Muhammad Suleman Jiangsu University School of Agricultural Equipment EngineeringZhenjiang 212013JiangsuChina Sindh Agriculture University Faculty of Agricultural EngineeringTandojamSindhPakistan Institute of Environmental Engineering and Management MUETJamshoroPakistan Department of Agricultural Engineering Bahaudin Zakaria UniversityMultanPakistan Department of Mathematics COMSATS UniversityIslamabadPakistan

Mechanical shear resistance of wheat grain is a significant concern for the designers and researchers related to the design of threshing,handling and processing machinery of the field *** grain mechanical properties directly affect the machine geometry and its operational *** present study was carried out to determine the shear resistance of five wheat varieties(Locally names;TD-02,Sindhu-1105,Benazir,China and SKD-118)influenced by moisture content(16.7%,18.7%and 19.5%)and loading rate(3 mm/s,6 mm/s and 9 mm/s).However,some physio-dimensional properties(length,width,thickness,slenderness ratio,surface area and sphericity)were obtained at different moisture *** results showed that the shear resistance reduced by increasing the moisture content and loading *** average shear resistance decreased from 10.45 N to 3.74 N for 3-9 mm/s loading rate at moisture content of 16.7%to 19.5%.Thus,the maximum correlation(r=0.905)of shear resistance obtained at 16.7%,whereas minimum correlation(r=0.692)obtained at 19.5%.The shear resistance of wheat grain was highly significant(p<0.05)at 9 mm/s for 19.5%.Shear resistance decreased with an increase in the moisture content in the grain whereas deformation is increasing with the increase of moisture ***,the maximum bulk density of wheat grain obtained at 19.5%for SKD-118,while the minimum obtained at 16.7%for *** is recommended that the design and modification of wheat grain processing equipment should be executed on the physio-mechanical properties of grain varieties.

关键词： wheat grain shear resistance bulk density of grain varieties moisture content loading rates

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Reduction in ground reaction force variables with instructed barefoot running

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2014年第2期3卷 143-153,157页

作者： Cynthia D.Samaan Michael J.Rainbow Irene S.Davis Spaulding National Running Center Department of Physical Medicine and RehabilitationHarvard Medical School

Backgound:Barefoot(BF) running has recently increased in popularity with claims that it is more natural and may result in fewer injuries due to a reduction in impact ***,novice BF runners do not necessarily immediately switch to a forefoot strike *** may increase mechanical parameters such as loading rate,which has heen associated with certain running-related injuries,specifically,tibial stress *** pain,and plantar *** purpose of this study was to examine changes in loading parameters between typical shod running and instructed BF running with real-time force ***:Forty-nine patients seeking treatment for a lower extremity injury ran on a force-sensing treadmill in their typical shod condition and then BF at the same *** BF they received verbal instruction and real-time feedback of vertical ground reaction ***:While 92%of subjects(n = 45) demonstrated a rearfoot strike pattern when shod,only 2%(n = 1) did during the instructed BF ***,while BF 47%(n = 23) eliminated the vertical impact transient in all eight steps *** loading variables of interest were significantly reduced from the shod to instructed BF *** included maximum instantaneous and average vertical loading rates of the ground reaction force(p loading(p loading has been associated with certain running-related injuries,instruction and feedback on the proper forefoot strike pattern may help reduce the injury risk associated with transitioning to BF running.

关键词： Barefoot running Ground reaction force loading rates Mediolateral forces Vertical stiffness

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