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Does litterfall from native trees support rainfed agriculture? Analysis of Ficus trees in agroforestry systems of southern dry agroclimatic zone of Karnataka, southern India

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Journal of Forestry Research 2013年第2期24卷 333-338页

作者： B. Dhanya Syam Viswanath Seema Purushothaman Tree improvement and Propagation Division Institute of Wood Science and Technology College of Agriculture University of Agricultural Sciences Centre for Environment and Development Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment

Trees of the genus Ficus, integral components of indigenous rainfed agro-ecosystems of the southern dry agro-climatic zone of Karnataka, southern India, have traditionally been associated with the ecological service of soil quality enhancement in addition to various direct use benefits. We assessed the soil enrichment service of Ficus benghalensis L. a common Ficus species in these agroforestry systems, by quantifying nutrient return via litter fall. litterfall estimation and chemical analysis of litter showed that F. benghalensis trees produce 3,512 kg ha-1 of litter annually which, on decomposition, can satisfy up to 76.70 % of N, 20.24% of P and 67.76% of K requirements of dryland crops annually per hectare. This can lead to an avoided cost of compost of US $ 36.46 ha-1·a-1 in dryland farming systems. The slow rate of decay of Ficus litter, as revealed in litter decomposition studies indicates its potential as ideal mulch for dryland soils. We discuss the complementarity between Ficus litterfall and cropping patterns in Mandya, and its implications for rainfed agricultural systems.

关键词： soil enrichment litter traps litter bags litter decomposition complementarity

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Nutrient Export with Logs, and Release from Residues, after Harvest of a <i>Pinus taeda</i>Plantation in Uruguay

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Open Journal of Forestry 2020年第3期10卷 360-376页

作者： Amabelia del Pino Jorge Henández Gimena Arrarte Department of Soil Science Facultad de Agronomía UDELAR Montevideo Uruguay

In Uruguay, Pinus taeda is usually planted a few months after harvest of the former turn, therefore;decomposing residues represents a nutrient source for the new plantation. The aim of this study was to determine the biomass and nutrient extraction off site, following the harvest of a P. taeda plantation. Residue decomposition patterns, and nutrient release were also examined. The site will be referred as S1, corresponding to the clear cut of a 22-year-old P. taeda plantation. Before the clear cut 10 trees were harvested, and logs, branches, twigs, and needles separately weighed. Additionally, forest litter at harvest time was quantified in three different areas. To assess decomposition, mesh bags with residues were allocated in three areas over the forest litter, and samples were taken periodically for 26 months. The remaining biomass, N, P K, Ca, and Mg contents were determined in the different fractions, calculating decompositon rates. Most of the harvested biomass was removed in logs, but the proportion of nutrients exported was considerably lower. Needles showed the highest biomass loss and only 39.1% remained after 26 months, while branches presented high rates in the first two months after cut, but slower thereafter, and at the end of the study more than two thirds of the woody residues remained. Potassium was rapidly released from the residues, while Ca, and Mg, were slowly released, and there was evidence of N and P immobilization in the early stages of decomposition. It was concluded that, although a lower proportion of nutrients were exported, compared to biomass, in the long term, nutrient export with logs could be significant for the sustainability of this production system. While K release from residues did not depend on biomass decay, the slow decomposition, and release of the other nutrients, indicates that this process could have been delayed by nutrient scarcity.

关键词： Residue Decomposition litter bags litter Quality Nutrient Cycling

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