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lithospheric seismic fabrics of Sulu ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic belt

Science China Earth Sciences 2005年第5期48卷 585-600页

作者： YANG Wencai 1 , YANG Wuyang 1 , JIN Zhenmin 2 & CHENG Zhenyan 1 1. Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China 2. China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China 1. Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Institute of Geology 100037 Beijing China 2. China University of Geosciences 430074 Wuhan China

Calibration of seismic reflectors appearing in the crust of the Chinese continent sci- entific drilling site can be completed through the correlation studies between direct evidences, such as the drill cores, and geophysical signatures; therefore the interpretation of geophysical data could produce reliable results of crustal structure and composition. On the other hand, there are two Cenozoic volcanoes close to the scientific drilling site; analyzing composition of xenoliths existent in the volcanoes and evaluating their seismic velocities can also offer information about the mantle and lower crust. After the calibration via cores and well-logging data, the seismic re- flectors appearing in the UHP belt can be caused by lithological changes within the UHP rock slice, ductile shearing rock-suites, and later fracture zones. Among these sources, ductile shearing resulted in displacement and detachment of original rock-sheets, producing some rock-interbeds of several hundred meters thick that are named the ductile shearing rock-suites. A suite consists of mylonized gneiss and eclogite slices that underwent shearing, becoming the major mechanism responsible to generate regional strong reflections. The UHP rock-slice is characterized by complicated structures and high density, high seismic velocity and high electri- cal resistivity, its thickness is usually less than 11 km. Velocity and density of the gneiss-layer beneath gradually tend to normal with increasing depth. Based on the xenoliths we can infer that the middle crust contains a lot of gneisses, and the lower crust consists of different granulites. The lithospheric mantle has multi-layer structures and consists mainly of spinal lherzolite and harzburgite, implying late Mesozoic lithospheric thinning. The seismic fabrics with different ori- gins were possible products of different geodynamic processes. For instance, the UHP rock-slice was produced by the UHP metamorphic process and the exhumation of subducted supe

关键词： deep seismic reflection, ultrahigh-pressure belt, Sulu China, calibration of reflectors, lithospheric fabrics.

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Magnetotelluric investigation of lithospheric electrical structure beneath the Dharwar Craton in south India:Evidence for mantle suture and plume-continental interaction

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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第5期10卷 1915-1930页

作者： D. Malleswari K. Veeraswamy K.K. Abdul Azeez A.K. Gupta Narendra Babu Prasanta K. Patro T. Harinarayana MT Group CSIR - National Geophysical Research InstituteHyderabadIndia Crescent Institute of Science and Technology ChennaiIndia

Broad-band and long period magnetotelluric measurements made at 63 locations along -500 km long Chikmagalur-Kavali profile,that cut across the Dharwar craton (DC) and Eastern Ghat Mobile Belt (EGMB) in south India,is modelled to examine the lithosphere architecture of the cratonic domain and define tectonic *** 2-D resistivity model shows moderately conductive features that intersperse a highly resistive background of crystalline rocks and spatially connect to the exposed schist belts or granitic intrusions in the *** features are therefore interpreted as images of fossil pathways of the volcanic emplacements associated with the greenstone belt and granite suite formation exposed in the region.A near vertical conductive feature in the upper mantle under the Chitradurga Shear Zone represents the Archean suture between the western and eastern blocks of *** thick (-200 km) cratonic (highly resistive) lithosphere is preserved,significant part of the cratonic lithosphere below the western DC is modified due to plume-continental lithosphere interactions during the CretaceouseTertiary period.A west-verging moderately conductive feature imaged beneath EGMB lithosphere is interpreted as the remnant of the Proterozoic collision process between the Indian land mass and East *** (-120 km) lithosphere is seen below the EGMB,which form the exterior margin of the India shield subsequent to its separation from East Antarctica through rifting and opening of the Indian Ocean in the Cretaceous.

关键词： Magnetotelluric lithospheric structure Mantle plume Mantle suture Dharwar craton

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lithospheric stress in Mongolia,from earthquake source data

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Geoscience Frontiers 2017年第6期8卷 1323-1337页

作者： Demberel Sodnomsambuu Anatoly V.Klyuchevskii Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics of Mongolian Academy of Sciences UlaanbaatarMongolia Institute of the Earth Crust Russian Academy of SciencesSiberian BranchIrkutskRussia

lithospheric stress in Mongolia has been studied using mechanisms of 84 M_(LH)≥ 4 earthquakes that occurred in the 20 th century and instrumental seismic moments of 17,375 M_(LH)≥2.5 events recorded between 1970 and *** M_(LH)≥ 3.5 earthquakes mostly have strike-slip mechanisms in southern and central Mongolia,with frequent reverse-slip motions in the west and normal slip in the north,especially,in the area of Lake *** principal stresses are,respectively,S_H>S_v>S_h in the center and in the south;high horizontal compression with S_H>S_h>S_v in the west;and a heterogeneous stress pattern with S_v>S_H>S_h in the *** to seismic moments of M_(LH)=2.5 events,oblique slip generally predominates over the territory,at S_v≈S_H>>S_h,while frequent strike slip motions in the west record high horizontal compression(S_H>S_v>S_h).Earthquake mechanisms show the principal horizontal compression S_H to be directed W-E in the east,NE-SW in the central and Gobi-Altay regions,and approximately N-S in the west of *** patterns of principal lithospheric stresses in the territory of Mongolia have undergone three events of dramatic change for a few recent decades,and these events were synchronous with three similar events in the Baikal rift system(BRS):in the latest 1960 s,latest 1970 s to earliest 1980 s,and in the latest 1980 s to earliest 1990 *** seismicity of Mongolia has been controlled by superposition of variable stresses associated with rifting activity pulses in the neighbor BRS on the background of quasi-stationary super-regional compression.

关键词： lithospheric stress Mongolia Geodynamics Earthquake source data

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lithospheric thermal-rheological structures of the continental margin in the northern South China Sea

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2000年第22期45卷 2107-2112页

作者： Xiaobin Shi Di Zhou Yixiang Zhang Open Laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology and Paleoenvironment South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China

Thermal structures of three deep seismic profiles in the continental margin in the northern South China Sea are calculated, their 'thermal' lithospheric thicknesses are evaluated based on the basalt dry solidus, and their rheological structures are evaluated with linear frictional failure criterion and power-law creep equation. 'Thermal' lithosphere is about 90 km in thickness in shelf area, and thins toward the slope, lowers to 60-65 km in the lower slope, ocean crust and Xisha Trough. In the mid-west of the studied area, the lithospheric rheological structure in shelf area and Xisha Islands is of four layers: brittle, ductile, brittle and ductile. Because of uprising of heat mantle and thinning of crust and lithosphere in Xisha Trough, the bottom of the upper brittle layer is only buried at 16 km. In the eastern area, the bottom of the upper brittle layer in the north is buried at 20 km or so, while in lower slope and ocean crust, the rheological structure is of two layers of brittle and ductile, and

关键词： northern South China Sea “thermal” lithospheric thickness lithospheric rheological structure.

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Nature and evolution of the lithospheric mantle revealed by water contents and He-Ar isotopes of peridotite xenoliths from Changbaishan and Longgang basalts in Northeast China

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Science Bulletin 2019年第18期64卷 1325-1335页

作者： Qinghu Xu Jiaqi Liu Huaiyu He Yunhui Zhang Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049.China College of Earth Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics.Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China

The nature and evolution of the lithospheric mantle underlying Northeast(NE)China were investigated by assessing the mineral chemistry,water contents,and noble gas(He-Ar)isotopes of peridotite xenoliths captured by Cenozoic basalts from the Changbaishan and Longgang *** xenoliths,which have863–1141℃ equilibration temperatures,primarily comprise spinel lherzolites and rare spinel *** Mg#(Fo)values of olivine in the peridotite xenoliths vary from 86.9 to *** clinopyroxenes have high Ti/Eu and low(La/Yb)N,and their chondrite-normalized rare earth elements(REEs)exhibit light REE-depletion to-enrichment patterns,indicating that the mantle underneath the investigated region was predominantly subjected to partial melting(1%–10%)and was metasomatized by silicate *** measured3He/4He ratios of the Changbaishan xenoliths have a narrow range from 5.8 Ra to 8.4 Ra with an average of 7.4 ***3He/4He isotopic ratios of the Longgang xenoliths varied from 4.7 Ra to8.1 Ra with an average of 5.9 Ra;slightly lower than the Changbaishan *** whole-rock H2Ocontents of the studied peridotite ranged from 9 to 132 *** high H2O contents in excess of50 ppm(up to 132 ppm)might represent newly accreted and cooled asthenospheric materials,while those with H2O contents lower than 50 ppm(as little as 9 ppm)may represent thinned,relic,ancient lithospheric *** geochemical evidences,in combination with published data,indicated that the lithospheric mantle beneath the Changbaishan and Longgang in NE China is dominated by the younger and more fertile lithospheric mantle with a minor ancient and refractory *** addition,the lithospheric mantle of this area was metasomatized by melts related to the recent subduction event(e.g.,Pacific oceanic plate).Therefore,the westward-dipping Pacific oceanic plate subduction had an important contribution to the transformation of the lithospheric mantle beneath NE China.

关键词： Subcontinental lithospheric mantle Peridotite xenoliths Mineral chemistry He-Ar isotopes Water contents Northeast China

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Driving forces of continental lithospheric deformation

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第12期67卷 3950-3956页

作者： Zebin CAO Lijun LIU State Key Laboratory of lithospheric and Environmental Coevolution Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

*** The lithosphere is a fundamental component of Earth’s layered structure,and its stress state and deformation mechanisms are critical to understanding Earth’s tectonic evolution(Ghosh and Holt,2012)and managing natural resources(Heidbach et al.,2018).According to the classical theory of plate tectonics,significant lithospheric deformation is expected near active plate boundaries due to the relative motion between tectonic plates.

关键词： tectonic lithospheric Earth

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Initial scalar lithospheric magnetic anomaly map of China and surrounding regions derived from CSES satellite data

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2021年第5期64卷 1118-1126页

作者： WANG Jie SHEN XuHui YANG YanYan ZEREN ZhiMa HULOT Gauthier OLSEN Nils ZHOU Bin MAGNES Werner DE SANTIS Angelo HUANG JianPing GUO Feng LIU WenLong YU JingBo National Institute of Natural Hazards Ministry of Emergency Management of ChinaBeijing 100085China School of Space and Environment Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Universitéde Paris Institut de physique du globe de ParisCNRSParis F-75005France DTU Space National Space InstituteTechnical University of DenmarkKongens Lyngby 2800Denmark National Space Science Center Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Space Research Institute Austrian Academy of SciencesGraz 8042Austria Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia Via di Vigna MurataRome 605Italy School of Earth Sciences Hebei GEO UniversityShijiazhuang 050031China

The China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite(CSES),China’s first satellite to measure geophysical fields with scientific goals in both space and solid earth physics,was launched successfully in February *** carries high-precision magnetometers to measure the geomagnetic *** this study,the CSES magnetic data were used to extract the signal of the lithospheric magnetic field caused by magnetized rocks in the crust and uppermost ***,an along-track analysis of the CSES magnetic data was undertaken near the Bangui magnetic anomaly in central Africa and the Tarim magnetic anomaly in China,demonstrating that the CSES magnetic data are indeed sensitive to the lithospheric magnetic anomaly *** a lithospheric magnetic anomaly map over China and surrounding regions was *** map is consistent with the lithospheric part of the CHAOS-7 *** particular,it clearly reveals four major magnetic anomalies containing long-wavelength signals at the altitude of lowearth-orbiting *** magnetic highs are located over the Tarim,Sichuan and Songliao basin,the origins of which could be related to large-scale tectonic-magmatic activities during geological history.A prominent magnetic low is otherwise found in the southern Himalayan-Tibetan plateau,possibly caused by the shallow Curie depth in this *** further improve the precision of the lithospheric magnetic field model,more detailed data processing and multi-source data merging are needed.

关键词： anomaly lithospheric Himalayan

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Deep structure and lithospheric shear faults in the East Kunlun-Qiangtang region,northern Tibetan Plateau

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Science China Earth Sciences 2001年第S1期44卷 1-9页

作者：许志琴杨经绥姜枚李海兵薛光琦袁学诚钱辉 Chinese Acad Geol Sci Inst Geol Beijing 100037 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Geol Sci Inst Mineral Resources Beijing 100037 Peoples R China Minist Land & Resources China Bur Geol Survey Beijing 100035 Peoples R China

An integrated study of earthquake seismic tomography in the Golmud-Tanggula Pass (west) and Gonghe-Yushu (east) with profiles traversing the East Kunlun-Qiangtang region of the northern Tibetan Plateau shows that the deep structure of the study region has the following characteristics: (1) from south to north the crustal thickness decreases from 70-75 km to 55-66 km, and the variation range of thickness (10 km) in the western part is smaller than that in the eastern part (20 km); (2) the crust has a sandwich-like structure and the middle crust has a lens-shaped low-velocity layer; (3) above 150 km in depth, the physical states of various terranes are marked by alternation of high-velocity and low-velocity bodies; and (4) the discontinuity of the lithospheric structure reveals the existence of three lithospheric shear faults on the the East Kunlun-Qiangtangregion——the South Kunlun-A'nyemaqen lithospheric shear fault, the Jinsha River lithosphericshear fault and the Xianshui River lithospheric shear fault. It is inferred that the easternward extrusion of northern Tibetan Plateau occurred in the lithospheric range.

关键词： northern Tibetan Plateau earthquake-excited tomography detection lithospheric structure lithospheric shear fault.

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Meso-Cenozoic lithospheric thermal structure in the Bohai Bay Basin,eastern North China Craton

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Geoscience Frontiers 2017年第5期8卷 977-987页

作者： Zongxing Li Yinhui Zuo Nansheng Qiu Jun Gao The Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Geological Survey Institute of Geomechanics Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100081 China State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Chengdu University of Technology Chengdu 610059 China State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment and Engineering Chinese University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China

The Bohai Bay Basin is a region where part of the North China Craton has been thinned and destroyed. It has experienced two periods of crustal thinning that occurred during the Cretaceous and Paleogene, but investigations of its Mesozoic and Cenozoic lithospheric thermal structure are limited. Therefore, in this study,the distributions of mantle heat flow, crustal heat flow, and Moho temperatures during the Meso-Cenozoic are calculated based on analyses of the thermal history of the Bohai Bay Basin. The results indicate that the ratio of mantle heat flow to surface heat flow peaked during the late stages of the early Cretaceous and during the middle to late Paleogene. The corresponding mantle heat flow was more than 65% of the surface heat flow. Moho temperatures reached three peaks: 900-1100℃ in the late stages of the early Cretaceous;820-900℃ in the middle to late Paleogene; and(in the Linqing Depression, Cangxian Uplift, and Jizhong Depression) 770-810℃ during the early Neogene. These results reveal that the Bohai Bay Basin experienced significant geological change during the Cretaceous, including the transformation of lithospheric thermal structure from "cold mantle and hot crust" before the Cretaceous to "hot mantle and cold crust" after the Cretaceous. The results also indicate that the basin experienced two large-scale rifting ***, this work may provide the thermal parameters for further investigations of the geodynamic evolution of eastern China.

关键词： Bohai Bay Basin lithospheric thermal structure Mesozoic Moho temperature North China Craton

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Late Mesozoic magmatism in the Jiaodong Peninsula,East China:Implications for crust-mantle interactions and lithospheric thinning of the eastern North China Craton

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Geoscience Frontiers 2020年第3期11卷 895-914页

作者： Yayun Liang Xuefei Liu Qingfei Wang Rui Zhao Yao Ma School of Civil and Resource Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing100083China

A section from the Linglong gold deposit on the northwestern Jiaodong Peninsula,East China,containing Late Mesozoic magmatic rocks from mafic and intermediate dikes and felsic intrusions,was chosen to investigate the lithospheric evolution of the eastern North China Craton(NCC).Zircon U-Pb data showed that low-Mg adakitic monzogranites and granodiorite intrusions were emplaced during the Late Jurassic(~145 Ma) and late Early Cretaceous(112-107 Ma),respectively;high-Mg adakitic diorite and mafic dikes were also emplaced during the Early Cretaceous at^139 Ma and ~118 Ma,and 125-145 Ma and 115-120 Ma,*** geochemical data,including whole-rock major and trace element compositions and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopes,imply that the mafic dikes originated from the partial melting of a lithospheric mantle metasomatised through hydrous fluids from a subducted oceanic ***-Mg adakitic monzogranites and granodiorite intrusions originated from the partial melting of the thickened lower crust of the NCC,while high-Mg adakitic diorite dikes originated from the mixing of mafic and felsic *** Mesozoic magmatism showed that lithosphere-derived melts showed a similar source depth and that crust-derived felsic melts originated from the continuously thickened lower crust of the Jiaodong Peninsula from the Late Jurassic to Early *** infer that the lower crust of the eastern NCC was thickened through compression and subduction of the Palaeo-Pacific plate beneath the NCC during the Middle *** rollback of the plate from ~160 Ma resulted in lithospheric thinning and accompanied Late Mesozoic magmatism.

关键词： Late mesozoic magmatism lithospheric thinning Jiaodong peninsula Eastern North China Craton

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