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Measuring code maintainability with deep neural networks

Frontiers of Computer Science 2023年第6期17卷 61-75页

作者： Yamin HU Hao JIANG Zongyao HU School of Computer Science and Technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China School of Artificial Intelligence Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China

The maintainability of source code is a key quality characteristic for software *** approaches have been proposed to quantitatively measure code *** approaches rely heavily on code metrics,e.g.,the number of Lines of Code and McCabe’s Cyclomatic *** employed code metrics are essentially statistics regarding code elements,e.g.,the numbers of tokens,lines,references,and branch ***,natural language in source code,especially identifiers,is rarely exploited by such *** a result,replacing meaningful identifiers with nonsense tokens would not significantly influence their outputs,although the replacement should have significantly reduced code *** this end,in this paper,we propose a novel approach(called DeepM)to measure code maintainability by exploiting the lexical semantics of text in source *** leverages deep learning techniques(e.g.,LSTM and attention mechanism)to exploit these lexical semantics in measuring code *** key rationale of DeepM is that measuring code maintainability is complex and often far beyond the capabilities of statistics or simple ***,DeepM leverages deep learning techniques to automatically select useful features from complex and lengthy inputs and to construct a complex mapping(rather than simple heuristics)from the input to the output(code maintainability index).DeepM is evaluated on a manually-assessed *** evaluation results suggest that DeepM is accurate,and it generates the same rankings of code maintainability as those of experienced programmers on 87.5%of manually ranked pairs of Java classes.

关键词： code maintainability lexical semantics deep learning neural networks

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A Study of English Gradable Antonyms

A Study of English Gradable Antonyms

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作者：姜淑珍浙江大学

学位级别：硕士

This dissertation is a study of the lexical-semantic relation of antonymy with its major focus on properties of gradable antonyms in English. Gradable antonyms are pairs of opposites with variable degrees in semantic strength. Syntactically, they can be modified by intensifiers like "very" and "too" and can be used in comparatives. They can be classified into different categories from different aspects. Semantically, one term of an antonymic pair is opposed to the other, with a fuzzy boundary. This quality, which is inherent to gradable antonyms, is referred to as committedness, and its reduction in semantic strength is termed as impartiality. Occurring in some gradable antonyms in the comparative, impartiality can be considered as an additional and conditional property. Semantically-defined impartiality is distinguished from pragmatically- defined unmarkedness in that the latter describes a neutralized state without any committedness.The use of gradable antonyms in the positive degree presupposes a comparison. The calibration for comparison is set by the nominal with which the antonym co-occurs. This implicit calibration bears the features of relativity, uncertainty, subjectivity and cultural variation. These variations can sometimes result in failure in interpersonal communication, especially in cross-cultural communication.More often than not, however, gradable antonyms are associated with comparative sentences, where, against the comparison domain introduced by "than", a comparison is overtly made by means of a gradable antonym in its comparative degree. In such sentences, the calibration and comparison domain converge semantically.Gradable antonyms can be viewed and explicated from the cognitive perspective. When people perceive a certain property, such as a state, sensation, the most effective and efficient way is to bisect this property and coin two words contrary in meaning to represent the sub-properties, each of which is po

关键词： lexical semantics gradable antonyms comparison markedness unmarkedness committedness impartiality

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整体与部分关系在汉语词汇系统中的表现及在汉语句法中的突显性

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语言文字学 2010年第2期 435-442页

作者：董秀芳

本文从共时与历时角度揭示了整体与部分关系在汉语构词中的突显性。汉语要指称部分可以用“整体+部分”式偏正复合词来表达，这种构词方式是随着双音化的发展而多起来的。在句法层面，也有一些特殊的格式适于突出表达整体与部分的关系... 详细信息

本文从共时与历时角度揭示了整体与部分关系在汉语构词中的突显性。汉语要指称部分可以用“整体+部分”式偏正复合词来表达，这种构词方式是随着双音化的发展而多起来的。在句法层面，也有一些特殊的格式适于突出表达整体与部分的关系，其特点是通过描写部分来说明整体，这些句式将整体和部分都放在突出的句法位置上。本文提出一个假设：一个语言的词汇与句法有着密切的关联，词汇组织中重要的、得到词汇编码的语义关系，在句法中也是突显的，会体现在专门的句法结构中。而且，在词汇组织与句法结构中所突显的侧面也是一致的。

关键词：整体部分关系词汇语义词法句法 "whole-part" relation lexical semantics morphology syntax

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动词和构式之间的关系

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语言文字学 2014年第11期 1-6页

作者：程琪龙程倩雯

在处理结构和动词之间的关系中，构式进路有优于词汇进路的地方。但构式语法的动词语义及其与构式整合关系的描述有其不足之处。动词语义至少在两个方面的作用不可忽视。构式多义性取决于动词；小句成立与否在一定程度上取决于动词和结... 详细信息

在处理结构和动词之间的关系中，构式进路有优于词汇进路的地方。但构式语法的动词语义及其与构式整合关系的描述有其不足之处。动词语义至少在两个方面的作用不可忽视。构式多义性取决于动词；小句成立与否在一定程度上取决于动词和结构语义一致性。构式进路和词汇进路一样，对动词类组准入构式（或结构）的动因还缺乏令人信服的解释。笔者则通过发掘共享语义参数来合理解释其动因。

关键词：构式语法词汇语义学动词语义认知功能模式 construction grammar lexical semantics verb meaning cognitive-functional model

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