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Forensic Sciences Research 2022年第4期7卷 748-760页

作者： Bedirhan Sezer Öner Metin Orbay Department of Forensic medicine Faculty of MedicineAmasya UniversityAmasyaTurkey Department of Mathematics and Science Faculty of EducationAmasya UniversityAmasyaTurkey

The aim of this study was ***,it analyzed the characteristics of the publication outputs for the legal medicine(LM)category using the Web of Science(WoS)database during ***,it discussed the distribution of the papers for the 25 most productive countries/regions in terms of quality and quantity,such as the h-index and GDP per ***,it investigated the trend and temporal stability of the journal impact factor(JIF)and determined the percentage of the journal *** findings suggested that the number of papers,the average number of pages of the papers,the average number of cited references in the papers,the average number of authors per paper,the percentage of open access papers,as well as international and domestic collaboration tended to increase ***,the productivity was limited when compared to the whole WoS database,since there was no significant change in the number of the *** countries/regions with the highest number of publications were not those that made the most impact in terms of the widespread impact of the *** level of international cooperation and the funding for the research had dramatic impact on the visibility of *** average JIF has increased significantly while the journal self-citation rates have decreased in a similar *** journals have had very stable(have not fluctuated)impact factors over *** the period studied,the journals with the higher impact factors(Q1,Q2)published many more papers than journals with the lower impact factors(Q3,Q4).

关键词： Bibliometrics citation analysis forensic science legal medicine Web of Science

Postmortem Nasopharyngeal Swabs Performed during the COVID-19 Infection:Analysis of Preliminary Clinical Records by the Genoa Institute of legal medicine(North-West Italy)

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Journal of Forensic Science and medicine 2022年第1期8卷 24-31页

作者： Martina Drommi Rosario Barranco Arianna Bal bo Stefano Errico Francesca Maria Elena Frigiolini Manuela Mangioni Giulia Molinari Alessandra Zappi Patrizia Caligiuri Francesco De Stefano Francesco Ventura Department of Forensic and legal medicine University of GenovaGenovaItaly Department of Health Sciences University of GenovaGenoaItaly Department of Hygiene San Martino Polyclinic HospitalGenovaItaly

COVID-19,the disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus,is highly *** persistence of the virus after infected individuals die remains *** article reports the findings taken from postmortem nasopharyngeal swabs performed to investigate the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in the corpses transferred to the Genoa District Mortuary from the outset of the Italian lockdown(March 9)to the end of the first emergency phase(July 13).One hundred and eighty swabs were carried out:13 corpses resulted positive for the virus,with the diagnosis being reached only after *** were male and 6 female with an average age of 73.5 years *** most frequent comorbidities recorded were arterial hypertension,diabetes,Alzheimer 5s,and pulmonary *** two cases,the swab tested positive at a distance of 125 h and 165 h from actual *** nasopharyngeal swab results a useful way to screen corpses for COVID-19 and to handle bodies in legal medicine Centers where safe autoptic rooms are not *** are also a means of safeguarding forensic pathologists,identifying the presence of breeding grounds in the community and providing information for the Public Prosecutor's Office in legal *** are able to produce reliable results up to at least 7 days following death,provided that the corpse is correctly preserved.

关键词： Autopsy forensic pathology legal medicine managing of the corpses naso-pharyngeal swab SARS-CoV-2

FORSETI: A visual analysis environment enabling provenance awareness for the accountability of e-autopsy reports

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Visual Informatics 2022年第3期6卷 69-80页

作者： Baoqing Wang Noboru Adachi Issei Fujishiro Keio University Graduate School of Science and Technology3-14-1 HiyoshiKohoku-kuYokohama223-8522 KanagawaJapan University of Yamanashi Graduate School of Medical Science1110 ShimokatoChuo409-3898 YamanashiJapan

Autopsy reports play a pivotal role in forensic *** examiners(MEs)and diagnostic radiologists(DRs)cross-reference autopsy results in the form of autopsy reports,while judicial personnel derive legal documents from final autopsy *** our prior study,we presented a visual analysis system called the forensic autopsy system for e-court instruments(FORSETI)with an extended legal medicine markup language(x-LMML)that enables MEs and DRs to author and review e-autopsy *** this paper,we present our extended work to incorporate provenance infrastructure with authority management into FORSETI for forensic data accountability,which contains two *** first is a novel provenance management mechanism that combines the forensic autopsy workflow management system(FAWfMS)and a version control system called lmmlgit for x-LMML *** management mechanism allows much provenance data on e-autopsy reports and their documented autopsy processes to be individually *** second is provenance-supported immersive analytics,which is intended to ensure that the DRs’and MEs’autopsy provenances can be viewed,listed,and analyzed so that a principal ME can author their own report through accountable autopsy referencing in an augmented reality setting.A fictitious case with a synthetic wounded body is used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the provenance-aware FORSETI system in terms of data accountability through the experience of experts in legal medicine.

关键词： Computational forensics legal medicine Accountability Provenance Immersive analytics Authority

Identification of victims of the collapse of a mine tailing dam in Brumadinho

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Forensic Sciences Research 2022年第4期7卷 580-589页

作者： Ricardo Moreira Araújo Yara Vieira Lemos Erlon Dias do Nascimento Anna Helena Silva Paraizo Alberto Julius Alves Wainstein Ana Paula Drummond-Lage Faculty of Medical Sciences of Minas Gerais Belo HorizonteBrazil Instituto Médico legal AndréRoquette Belo HorizonteBrazil Corpo de Bombeiros Militar de Minas Gerais Juiz de ForaBrazil

The collapse of the B1 Dam of VALESAmining company in Brumadinho,Minas Gerais,Brazil was the largest humanitarian disaster and occupational accident in the country’s history,and it posed challenges regarding the management and identification of multiple *** evaluated the impact of the iron ore tailings on the victims’*** examined the scientific identification of the victims and the dynamics of the disaster over the 1st year after it *** also determined the socio-demographic profiles of the *** this retrospective,cross-sectional study,we investigated the expert reports of the victims’biological remains from 25 January 2019 to 25 January *** analysed the socio-demographic data,identification methods,identification status,identification time,and necroscopic *** the study period,259 of 270 victims were identified,and 603 biological materials were analysed;among them,86.2%were body parts and 13.8%were whole *** the total cases registered that year,476(78.9%)were submitted during the first 10 weeks after the *** ridge analysis accounted for 67.9%of primary identifications and DNAanalysis did so for 91.6%of re-identification *** dismemberment was 3.4 times greater among mine workers than among community *** males accounted for the greatest number of victims(P<0.001).Polytraumatic injury was the prevalent single cause of *** examination revealed the occurrence of asphyxia in 7%of *** higher number of fatalities and greater dismemberment among employees than with community residents underlines the occupational dangers in the mining industry and clarifies the dynamics of the *** the initial weeks after the dam collapsed,friction ridge analysis was the most appropriate method for ***,DNAanalysis became the most-used technique for identification and re-identification owing to the great volume of body parts and decomposed biological ***

关键词： Disasters victim identification tailings mining legal medicine developing countries man-made disasters traumatic amputation

Histopathological,histochemical and biochemical postmortem changes in induced fatal hypothermia in rats

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Forensic Sciences Research 2022年第2期7卷 211-227页

作者： Mahrous Abdelbasset Ibrahim Sally Salem Mohammed Hany Goda Tammam Rehab Ibrahim Abdel-Karim Medhat Mohammed Farag Forensic medicine&Clinical Toxicology College of MedicineJouf UniversitySakakahSaudi Arabia Forensic medicine&Clinical Toxicology Department Faculty of MedicineSuez Canal UniversityIsmailiaEgypt Histology and Cell Biology Department Faculty of MedicineSuez Canal UniversityIsmailiaEgypt Forensic medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department Faculty of MedicineAl-Azhar UniversityCairoEgypt Medical biochemistry Department College of MedicineShaqra UniversityShaqraaSaudi Arabia Medical Biochemistry&Molecular Biology Department Faculty of MedicineBenha UniversityBenhaEgypt

Reaching a postmortem diagnosis of hypothermia is challenging in forensic ***,this study was conducted to detect the histopathological,histochemical and biochemical changes that occur in adult albino rats following exposure to induced fatal ***-four adult albino rats were divided into the negative control,moderate hypothermia,severe hypothermia and hypoxia *** in the control group were euthanized when those in the moderate hypothermic group *** samples were collected via heart puncture,and the cerebrum,heart,suprarenal gland,kidney,liver and skeletal muscle were removed to investigate the biochemical,histochemical and histopathological *** assessment depicted significant changes in lipid peroxidation,represented by increased malondialdehyde levels in the studied organs of the rats in hypothermic and hypoxia *** examination of the rats’organs revealed degeneration and necrosis in the hypothermia and hypoxia *** taken from the severe hypothermic rats revealed a loss of normal cardiac tissue architecture,necrotic changes in the pyramidal cells in the cerebral cortex,and massive necrosis,mainly in the tubules of the renal cortex and *** findings suggest that histological changes might be used as biochemical markers for postmortem diagnosing of fatal hypothermia,particularly in severe hypothermic conditions.

关键词： Forensic sciences forensic medicine legal medicine autopsy forensic pathology histochemical hypothermia

Trauma outcomes in nonfatal road traffic accidents:a Portuguese medico-legal approach

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Forensic Sciences Research 2022年第3期7卷 528-539页

作者： Flávia Cunha-Diniz Tiago Taveira-Gomes JoséManuel Teixeira Teresa Magalhães CINTESIS—Faculty of medicine University of PortoPortoPortugal IINFACTS—Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies Department of SciencesUniversity Institute of Health Sciences(IUCS)CESPUCRLGandraPortugal Fernando Pessoa University PortoPortugal Porto Healthcare Unity—Accidents Fidelidade—Insurance CompanyPortoPortugal

The objective of this study was to compare the outcomes of nonfatal road traffic accidents by the victims’age group and *** used the Portuguese medico-legal rules for personal injury assessment,in the scope of the Civil Law in that country,which includes a three-dimensional *** was a retrospective study including 667 victims of road traffic accidents aged 3–94 years *** final medico-legal reports all used the Portuguese methodology for personal injury *** were analysed by the victims’age group(children,working-age adults,and older people)and *** traffic accidents were generally serious(ISS mean 9.5),with higher severity in children and older *** most frequent body sequelae were musculoskeletal(64.8%),which were associated with functional and situational *** damage resulted in an average length of impairment of daily life of 199.6 days,171.7 days to return to work,and an average degree of quantum doloris(noneconomic damage related to physical and psychological harm)of 3.7/*** average permanent damage was 7.3/100 points for Permanent Functional Deficit,0.43/3 for Permanent Professional Repercussion,2/7 for Permanent Aesthetic Damage,3.9/7 for Permanent Repercussion on Sexual Activity and 3.2/7 for Permanent Repercussion on Sport and Leisure ***,19%of people became permanently dependent(10.6%needed third-party assistance).The medico-legal methodology used,considering victims’real-life situation,allows a comprehensive *** were several significant differences among the three age groups but none between *** differences and the impact of the more severe cases justify further detailed medico-legal studies in these specific situations on children,older people,and severely injured victims.

关键词： Forensic sciences traffic accident trauma injury damage outcome assessment legal medicine

Modernization of medicine in the Ottoman Empire and Its Effects on Forensic Sciences

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Journal of Forensic Science and medicine 2018年第4期4卷 213-220页

作者： Ferat Buran Erdem Ozkara The Council of Forensic medicine sanliurfa Branch OfficeSanhurfaTurkey department of Forensic medicine Faculty of MedicineDokuz Eylul UniversityIzmirTurkey

Modernization in medicine began in the Ottoman Empire in the 19^(th)*** that time,medical education had been provided through the traditional master-apprentice practices and its methods had relied on custom or *** most important of these reforms was in 1827,when the first medical schools in surgical and clinical branches were opened in *** lack of contemporary understanding in medical education until that time had caused an underdevelopment in forensic sciences as it had in various other *** the reform movements,the contents of the forensic medicine curriculum,mainly influenced by the French medical schooling,touched upon all areas of forensic sciences such as pathology,toxicology,organic chemistry,neuropsychiatry,gynecology,handwriting analysis and *** was noteworthy to see such rapid development in scientific modernization considering the fact that,before the reform movements,the religion had a repressive effect and it was forbidden to even perform laboratory tests or examinations on *** the modem Turkish Republic,founded in 1923 after World War I,scientific reforms gained momentum and began competing with the modem *** that,after a letter sent to the Turkish Government by Albert Einstein in 1933,the contemporary Turkish universities embraced the scientists who escaped from the Nazi regime.

关键词： Forensic medicine history of forensic medicine legal medicine medical history Ottoman Empire Turkish Republic

Rhazes’concepts on medical ethics

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History & Philosophy of medicine 2022年第3期4卷 22-25页

作者： Hoorieh Mohammadi Kenari Gholamreza Kordafshari Maryam Moghimi Somaye Mahroozade Fatemeh Eghbalian Research Institute for Islamic and Complementary medicine School of Persian MedicineIran University of Medical SciencesTehran 11h1914515Iran School of Persian medicine Iran University of Medical SciencesTehran 11147hhh11Iran School of Persian medicine Tehran University of Medical SciencesTehran 11hh7hh414Iran Masiha Teb Shomal Knowledge-based Corporation Sari 11hh7hh414Iran

Ethics in any industry and profession,especially in medicine,is a matter of great concern and *** Persian Muslim doctors also did not neglect this issue,as they mentioned some points regarding the observance of medical ethics in most of their ***'"Akhlaq al-Tabib"treatise is one of the most important manuscripts on medical *** Bakr Muhammad ibn Zakariyya Razi,known in the west as Rhazes,was a great Persian scientist and physician who lived in the 9th and 10th centuries *** the"Akhlaq al-Tabib"treatise,he wrote a collection of his guidelines and ideas about medical *** this manuscript,Rhazes first mentioned the ethical qualities that the physician must admire,and then pointed out the ethical standards regarding treatment and patient's *** study found that the principles of tenth-century medical ethics are very similar to what is being said today.

关键词： Akhlaq al-Tabib Rhazes legal medicine medical ethics Persian medicine