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Operando measurement of lattice deformation profiles of synchrotron radiation monochromator

Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第7期35卷 8-19页

作者： Yue Zhang Zhong-Liang Li Shang-Yu Si Lian Xue Hong-Xin Luo Xiao-Wei Zhang Jun Hu Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility Shanghai Advanced Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai201204China ShanghaiTech University Shanghai201210China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of ScienceBeijing100049China

This study presents a new method for characterizing the thermal lattice deformation of a monochromator with high precision under service conditions and first reports the operando measurements of nanoscale thermal lattice deformation on a double-crystal monochromator at different incident *** nanoscale thermal lattice deformation of the monochromator first crystal was obtained by analyzing the intensity of the distorted DuMond *** diagrams of the 333 diffraction index,sensitive to lattice deformation,were obtained directly using a 2D detector and an analyzer crystal orthogonal to the *** increasing incident power and power density,the maximum height of the lattice deformation increased from 3.2 to 18.5 nm,and the deformation coefficient of the maximum height increased from 1.1 to 3.2 nm/*** maximum relative standard deviation was 4.2%,and the maximum standard deviation was 0.1 *** on the measured thermal deformations,the flux saturation phenomenon and critical point for the linear operation of the monochromator were predicted with increasing incident *** study provides a simple solution to the problem of the lower precision of synchrotron radiation monochromator characterizations compared to simulations.

关键词： Synchrotron radiation Monochromator lattice deformation X-ray dynamic diffraction

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Mesoscale interplay among composition heterogeneity,lattice deformation,and redox stratification in single-crystalline layered oxide cathode

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eScience 2024年第4期4卷 96-102页

作者： Zhichen Xue Feixiang Wu Mingyuan Ge Xiaojing Huang Yong SChu Piero Pianetta Yijin Liu School of Metallurgy and Environment Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource SLAC National Accelerator LaboratoryMenlo ParkCA 94025USA National Synchrotron Light Source II Brookhaven National LaboratoryBuilding 743 Ring RoadUptonNY 11973USA Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA

Single-crystalline layered oxide materials for lithium-ion batteries are featured by their excellent capacity retention over their polycrystalline counterparts,making them sought-after cathode *** capacity degradation,however,becomes more severe under high-voltage cycling,hindering many high-energy *** has long been speculated that the interplay among composition heterogeneity,lattice deformation,and redox stratification could be a driving force for the performance *** underlying mechanism,however,is not *** this study,we use X-ray microscopy to systematically examine single-crystalline NMC particles at the *** technique allows us to capture detailed signals of diffraction,spectroscopy,and fluorescence,offering spatially resolved multimodal *** on early high-voltage charging cycles,we uncover heterogeneities in valence states and lattice structures that are inherent rather than caused by electrochemical *** heterogeneities are closely associated with compositional variations within individual *** findings provide useful insights for refining material synthesis and processing for enhanced battery longevity and efficiency.

关键词： Single-crystalline layered oxide cathode Composition heterogeneity lattice deformation Redox stratification

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The influence of lattice deformation on the elastic properties of Mg_2Si

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2013年第4期56卷 701-705页

作者： CHEN Qian XIE Quan XIAO QingQuan ZHANG JinMin College of Science Guizhou University Institute of New Optoelectronic Materials and Technology Guizhou University

A detailed theoretical study of the structural and elastic properties of magnesium silicide Mg2 Si under isotropic lattice deformation has been performed based on the first-principles' pseudopotential method. The results show that isotropic lattice deformation from 94% to 106% results in a linear decrease in the energy gap for the direct Г15-Г1 and indirect Г15-L1 transitions, while the indirect band gap Г15 -X1 increases within a range of 94%-104%, and then reduces over the range of 104%. Additionally, isotropic lattice deformation from 94% to 106% also causes a decrease in the elastic constants and modulus of Mg2 Si. Furthermore, Mg2 Si with lattice deformation from 94% to 106% is brittle, being most brittle at 94% lattice constant.

关键词： magnesium silicide lattice deformation first-principles band structure elastic properties

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Ultrafast structural dynamics studied by kilohertz time-resolved x-ray diffraction

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Chinese Physics B 2015年第10期24卷 617-621页

作者：郭鑫江舟亚陈龙陈黎明辛建国 Peter M.Rentzepis 陈洁 School of Optoelectronics Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas(Ministry of Education) and Department of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong University IFSA Collaborative Innovation Center Shanghai Jiao Tong University Electrical & Computer Engineering Texas A & M UniversityCollege Station

Ultrashort multi-ke V x-ray pulses are generated by electron plasma produced by the irradiation of femtosecond pulses on metals. These sub-picosecond x-ray pulses have extended the field of x-ray spectroscopy into the femtosecond time domain. However, pulse-to-pulse instability and long data acquisition time restrict the application of ultrashort x-ray systems operating at low repetition rates. Here we report on the performance of a femtosecond laser plasma-induced hard x-ray source that operates at 1-k Hz repetition rate, and provides a flux of 2.0 × 10^10 photons/s of Cu Kαradiation. Using this system for time-resolved x-ray diffraction experiments, we record in real time, the transient processes and structural changes induced by the interaction of 400-nm femtosecond pulse with the surface of a 200-nm thick Au（111） single crystal.

关键词： ultrafast x-ray diffraction transient structures lattice deformation

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Study of nanocrystalline Fe—Al—N soft magnetic thin films

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Chinese Physics B 2002年第7期11卷 725-729页

作者：谢天郑代顺等 ResearchInstituteofMagneticMaterials LanzhouUniversityLanzhou730000China

Fe-Al-N films were fabricated by reactive sputtering using a radio-frequency magnetron sputtering system. Theeffects of Al and N content and annealing temperature on microstructure and magnetic properties were *** Fe-Al-N films, which have good soft magnetic properties, consist of nanocrystalline α-Fe grains and a small amountof other phases in the boundaries of α-Fe grains. The average α-Fe grain size is about 10-15nm. A slight amount ofFeN and Al-N compounds precipitate in the boundaries of α-Fe grains and suppress their growth. Annealing improvesthe soft magnetic properties slightly by releasing the residual stress and reducing defects.

关键词： soft magnetic properties nanocrystalline lattice deformation

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Theoretical Model of the Probability of Fusion between Deuterons within Deformed lattices with Micro-cracks at Room Temperature

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2017年第1期11卷 63-67页

作者： Frisone Fulvio Department of Physics University of Catania Via Santa Sofia 64 Catania 95125 ltaly

In this work, we wish to demonstrate that a reaction path as the following, dislocations, deformations due to thermodynamic stress and, finally, micro-crack occurrence, can enhance the process of fusion of the deuterons introduced into the lattice by deuterium loading. In fact, calculating the rate of deuteron-plasmon-deuteron fusion within a micro-crack, showed, together with an enhancement of the tunneling effect, an increase of at least 2-3 orders of magnitude compared to the probability of fusion on the no deformed lattice. In fact, strong electric fields can take place in the micro-crack and the deuterons are accelerated to the energy which are enough for the D-D tunnelling. These phenomena open the way to the theoretical hypothesis that a kind of chain reaction, catalyzed by the micro-cracks produced in the structure as a result of deuterium loading, can favour the process of deuteron-plasmon fusion.

关键词： Condensed matter dislocations lattice deformation micro-cracks.

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