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Optical diagnostics for density measurement in high-quality laser-plasma electron accelerators

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High Power laser Science and Engineering 2019年第2期7卷 40-50页

作者： Fernando Brandi Leonida Antonio Gizzi Intense laser Irradiation Laboratory(ILIL) Istituto Nazionale di Ottica-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche(INO-CNR)Sede Secondaria di PisaVia Moruzzi156124PisaItaly Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare(INFN) Sezione di PisaLargo Bruno PontecorvoLargoBruno Pontecorvo356127PisaItaly

Implementation of laser-plasma-based acceleration stages in user-oriented facilities requires the definition and deployment of appropriate diagnostic methodologies to monitor and control the acceleration process.An overview is given here of optical diagnostics for density measurement in laser-plasma acceleration stages,with emphasis on wellestablished and easily implemented approaches.Diagnostics for both neutral gas and free-electron number density are considered,highlighting real-time measurement capabilities.Optical interferometry,in its various configurations,from standard two-arm to more advanced common-path designs,is discussed,along with spectroscopic techniques such as Stark broadening and Raman scattering.A critical analysis of the diagnostics presented is given concerning their implementation in laser-plasma acceleration stages for the production of high-quality GeV electron bunches.

关键词： gas target interferometry laser-plasma laser wake-field acceleration Raman scattering Stark broadening

High-repetition-rate(kHz) targets and optics from liquid microjets for high-intensity laser–plasma interactions

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High Power laser Science and Engineering 2019年第3期7卷 121-141页

作者： K.M.George J.T.Morrison S.Feister G.K.Ngirmang J.R.Smith A.J.Klim J.Snyder D.Austin W.Erbsen K.D.Frische J.Nees C.Orban E.A.Chowdhury W.M.Roquemore Innovative Scientific Solutions Inc.DaytonOhio 45459USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCalifornia 90095USA Computer Science Program and Applied Physics Program California State University Channel IslandsCamarilloCalifornia 93012USA National Academies of Science Engineeringand MedicineWashingtonDC 20001USA Air Force Research Laboratory WPAFBOhio 45433USA Department of Physics Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhio 43210USA Department of Mathematical and Physical Sciences Miami UniversityHamiltonOhio 45011USA Center for Ultrafast Optical Sciences University of MichiganAnn ArborMichigan 48109USA Intense Energy Solutions LLC.Plain CityOhio 43064USA

High-intensity laser–plasma interactions produce a wide array of energetic particles and beams with promising applications.Unfortunately,the high repetition rate and high average power requirements for many applications are not satisfied by the lasers,optics,targets,and diagnostics currently employed.Here,we aim to address the need for high-repetition-rate targets and optics through the use of liquids.A novel nozzle assembly is used to generate highvelocity,laminar-flowing liquid microjets which are compatible with a low-vacuum environment,generate little to no debris,and exhibit precise positional and dimensional tolerances.Jets,droplets,submicron-thick sheets,and other exotic configurations are characterized with pump–probe shadowgraphy to evaluate their use as targets.To demonstrate a highrepetition-rate,consumable,liquid optical element,we present a plasma mirror created by a submicron-thick liquid sheet.This plasma mirror provides etalon-like anti-reflection properties in the low field of 0.1%and high reflectivity as a plasma,69%,at a repetition rate of 1 k Hz.Practical considerations of fluid compatibility,in-vacuum operation,and estimates of maximum repetition rate are addressed.The targets and optics presented here demonstrate a potential technique for enabling the operation of laser–plasma interactions at high repetition rates.

关键词： high intensity high repetition rate laser-plasma interaction liquid droplet liquid microjet liquid sheet plasma mirror target

Characteristics of plasma Jets in laser-Driven Magnetic Reconnection

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plasma Science and Technology 2012年第2期14卷 97-101页

作者：刘勋李玉同仲佳勇董全力王首钧张蕾朱健强赵刚张杰 Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy of Sciences National Laboratory on High Power lasers and Physics Key Laboratory for laser plasmas(Ministry of Education)and Department of Physics Shanghai Jiao Tong University

The jets driven by magnetic reconnection in laser-plasma interactions are investi- gated experimentally. The diagnostics in the optical and X-ray ranges provide detailed information about the jet characteristics. The plasma jets perpendicular to and along the target surface are observed clearly, which is evident signatures of laser driven magnetic reconnection. The jet formation is also investigated for different experimental parameters.

关键词： laboratory astrophysics jets magnetic reconnection laser-plasma

Superthermal Electron Produced in Relativistic laser-plasma Interaction

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2002年第7期38卷 89-90页

作者： CHEN Bao-Zhen Key Laboratory in University for Radiation Beam Texhnology and Materials Modifcation Institure of Low Energy Nuclear Physics Normal University Beijing 100875 China Beijing Radiation Center Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

The dynamics of a relativistic electron submitted to an intense, plane wave, linearly polarized laser field is reviewed. Based on the dynamics, the temperature of the electron in the laser field is delined and calculated. It is found that the calculated temperature fits the first temperature observed in the experiment by Malka et al. A model to evaluate the electron temperature by taking the electron-ion scattering into account is proposed. It is found that when I ≥ 4.0 × 101s W/cm2 the electron temperature by considering the scattering, T hs, is evidently larger than the electron temperature without considering the scattering, Th. This result is in favor of explaining the two-temperature distribution of the electron energy observed in the experiment by Malka et al.

关键词： two-temperature distribution of superthermal electron energy, relativistic laser-plasma interaction

A Review Study on Amplification of X-Ray Free Electron laser Pulse in plasma

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Journal of Modern Physics 2012年第12期3卷 1998-2003页

作者： Ashutosh Sharma Department of Education University of Lucknow Lucknow India

In view of X-ray Free Electron laser (XFEL) intensity prospects, we reviewed the past and recent work in view of amplification of powerful XFEL laser pulse to achieve intensity in the regime of high field science. We report here some of the relevant work investigated in this field and predicted further scalings and possibilities for XFEL pulse amplification.

关键词： X-Ray Free Electron laser Raman Amplification laser-plasma Interaction

Simulation of High Power THz Emission from laser Interaction with Tenuous plasma and Gas Targets

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Communications in Computational Physics 2008年第10期4卷 1258-1278页

作者： Zheng-Ming Sheng Hui-Chun Wu Wei-MinWang Min Chen Xiao-Gang Dong Jun Zheng Jie Zhang Department of Physics Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsCASBeijing 100190China Max-Planck-Institut f¨ur Quanenoptik D-85748 GarchingGermany

With one-and two-dimensional particle-in-cell(PIC)codes,we simulate the generation of high power terahertz(THz)emission from the interaction of ultrashort intense lasers with tenuous plasma and gas targets.By driving high-amplitude electron plasma waves either with a laser wakefield or the beatwave of two laser pulses,powerful THz electromagnetic pulses can be produced by linear mode conversion in inhomogeneous plasma or by the transient current induced at the surfaces of a thin plasma layer of few plasma wavelengths.Even with incident lasers at moderate intensity such as 1017W/cm2,the produced emission can be at the level of tens of MW in power and capable of affording field strengths of a few MV/cm,suitable for the studies of THz nonlinear physics.With field ionization included in the PIC codes,THz emission from laser interaction with tenuous gas targets is simulated.It is found that the transient transverse current formed during the ionization processes is responsible for the THz emission.With this mechanism,onemay also obtain THz fields ofMV/cm at lower laser intensity as compared with the schemes of plasma-wave excitation.

关键词： Particle-in-cell simulation laser-plasma electron plasma wave high power THz emission

Study of hot electrons generated from intense laser-plasma interaction employing Image Plate

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2008年第10期51卷 1455-1462页

作者： LIANG WenXi LI YuTong XU MiaoHua YUAN XiaoHui ZHENG ZhiYuan ZHANG Yi LIU Feng WANG ZhaoHua LI HanMing JIN Zhan WEI ZhiYi ZHAO Wei LI YingJun ZHANG Jie Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China State Key Laboratory of Transient Optics Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710068China School of Sciences China University of Mining and TechnologyBeijing 100083China

Image Plate (IP) is convenient to be used and very suitable for radiation detection because of its advantages such as wide dynamic range, high detective quantum efficiency, ultrahigh sensitivity and superior linearity. The function mechanism and characteristics of IP are introduced in this paper. IP was employed in the study of hot electrons generated from intense laser-plasma interaction. The angular distri- bution and energy spectrum of hot electrons were measured with IP in the experi- ments. The results demonstrate that IP is an effective radiation detector for the study of laser-plasma interaction.

关键词： IP laser-plasma interaction hot electrons

Innovative Education and Training in high power laser plasmas(PowerLaPs) for plasma physics, high power laser-matter interactions and high energy density physics-theory and experiments

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High Power laser Science and Engineering 2019年第2期7卷 22-26页

作者： John Pasley Georgia Andrianaki Andreas Baroutsos Dimitri Batani Emmanouil P.Benis Marco Borghesi Eugene Clark Donna Cook Emmanuel D'Humieres Vasilios Dimitriou Brendan Dromey Michael Ehret Ioannis Fitilis Anastasios Grigoriadis Satya Kar Evaggelos Kaselouris Ondrej Klimo Michel Koenig Kyriaki Kosma George Koundourakis Milan Kucharik Aveen Lavery Jiri Limpouch Yannis Orphanos Nektarios A.Papadogiannis Stelios Petrakis Dave Riley Maria Serena Rivetta Laura Tejada Pascual Joao Jorge Santos Alexandros Skoulakis Ioannis Tazes Vladimir Tikhonchuk Jocelain Trela Calliope Tsitou Luca Volpe Steven White Mark Yeung Michael Tatarakis York plasma Institute University of York Technological Educational Institute of Crete School of Applied SciencesCentre for Plasma Physics and Lasers-CPPL Universitéde Bordeaux CNRSCEACELIA(Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications) Department of Physics University of Ioannina Centre for plasma Physics School of Mathematics and PhysicsQueen’s University Belfast Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering Czech Technical University in Prague LULI-CNRS Ecole Polytechnique CEA:UniversitéParis-Saclay UPMC Univ Paris 06:Sorbonne Universités CLPU laser-plasma Chair University of Salamanca Centro de Láseres Pulsados(CLPU) Edificio M5.Parque Cientfico.C/Adaja

The Erasmus Plus programme’Innovative Education and Training in high power laser plasmas’,otherwise known as PowerLaPs,is described.The PowerLaPs programme employs an innovative paradigm in that it is a multi-centre programme where teaching takes place in five separate institutes with a range of different aims and styles of delivery.The ’in class’ time is limited to four weeks a year,and the programme spans two years.PowerLaPs aims to train students from across Europe in theoretical,applied and laboratory skills relevant to the pursuit of research in laserplasma interaction physics and inertial confinement fusion(ICF).Lectures are intermingled with laboratory sessions and continuous assessment activities.The programme,which is led by workers from the Technological Educational Institute(TEI)of Crete,and supported by co-workers from the Queen’s University Belfast,the University of Bordeaux,the Czech Technical-University in Prague,Ecole Polytechnique,the University of Ioannina,the University of Salamanca and the University of York,has just completed its first year.Thus far three Learning Teaching Training(LTT)activities have been held,at the Queen’s University Belfast,the University of Bordeaux and the Centre for plasma Physics and lasers(CPPL)of TEI Crete.The last of these was a two-week long Intensive Programme(IP),while the activities at the other two universities were each five days in length.Thus far work has concentrated upon training in both theoretical and experimental work in plasma physics,high power laser-matter interactions and high energy density physics.The nature of the programme will be described in detail and some metrics relating to the activities carried out to date will be presented.

关键词： higher education inertial confinement fusion laser-plasma interactions post-graduate education

Characteristics of plasma jet in laser driven magnetic reconnections

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Characteristics of plasma jet in laser driven magnetic recon...