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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2021年第3期12卷 366-375页

作者： Hailemariam Solomon Fistum Miruts Amare Seyoum Chalachew Endalamaw Melkassa Agricultural Research Center Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research Adama Ethiopia

The study was carried out to improve farmers’ awareness, enhance the adoption of full package sorghum production technologies. The large-scale demonstration was implemented at Gololcha woreda of Arsi zone for one year (2019/2020) using Melkam variety. The demonstration was implemented in three kebeles and a total of 100 hectares of land was covered by participating 117 household heads (farmers) out of which 12 of them were women-headed. In the demonstration farmers contributed a land size of 0.25 hectares (the minimum) and 2 hectares of land (maximum). Totally, from the demonstration 4030 quintals of sorghum were harvested with 42.3 quintals per hectare average productivity. The yield obtained by farmers practices was 18.23 q·ha-1 which is lower as compared to the average yield obtained by large scale demonstration. The technology gap (TG) was 15.70 q·ha-1 which indicated that technologies have not been adopted. Extension gap was 24.07 q·ha-1 and this result indicated that the extension approach should be more strengthened. It has been ascertained that “Melkam” variety is the best fitted variety and promotion of improved sorghum technologies via large scale demonstration has shown

关键词： Demonstration Extension Gap large-scale Sorghum Technology Gap

large-scale Facilities for Astronomical Observation

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Bulletin of the Chinese Academy of Sciences 2019年第4期33卷 217-220页

Driven by the rapid development of astronomical studies pursued by researchers at different astronomical observato riesunderits administration, the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS) has designed and built a series of large-scale facilitiesfor astronomical observations over the past four decades. Among them are some high-profile ones, represented by the large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope(LAMOST) and the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope(FAST).

关键词： LAMOST Object large-scale Facilities for Astronomical Observation

large-scale Structure Formation via Quantum Fluctuations and Gravitational Instability

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International Journal of Geosciences 2014年第6期5卷 634-656页

作者： Fernando Porcelli Giancarlo Scibona Department for Innovation in Biological Agro-Food and Forest Systems (DIBAF) University of Tuscia Viterbo Italy

This is a review of the status of the universe as described by the standard cosmological model combined with the inflationary paradigm. Their key features and predictions, consistent with the WMAP (Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropies Probe) and Planck Probe 2013 results, provide a significant mechanism to generate the primordial gravitational waves and the density perturbations which grow over time, and later become the large-scale structure of the universe—from the quantum fluctuations in the early era to the structure observed 13.7 billion later, our epoch. In the single field slow-roll paradigm, the primordial quantum fluctuations in the inflaton field itself translate into the curvature and density perturbations which grow over time via gravitational instability. High density regions continuously attract more matter from the surrounding space, the high density regions become more and more dense in time while depleting the low density regions. At late times the highest density regions peaks collapse into the large structure of the universe, whose gravitational instability effects are observed in the clustering features of galaxies in the sky. Thus, the origin of all structure in the universe probably comes from an early era where the universe was filled with a scalar field and nothing else.

关键词： large-scale Structure Cosmic Inflation CMB Non-Gaussianity

As Could We Assure Safety in large-scale Manufacturing of Nanoparticles for the Biomedical Use

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Journal of Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology 2011年第5期2卷 601-613页

作者： Kirill Serguey Maksimov Serguei Kirillovich Maksimov Nikolay Dmitrievich Soukhov 不详

Nanoparticles provide great advantages but also great risks. Risks associating with nanoparticles are the problem of all technologies, but they increase in many times in nanotechnologies. Adequate methods of outgoing production inspection are necessary to solve the problem of risks, and the inspection must be based on the safety standard. Existing safety standard results from a principle of “maximum permissible concentrations or MPC”. This principle is not applicable to nanoparticles, but a safety standard reflecting risks inherent in nanoparticles doesn’t exist. Essence of the risks is illustrated by the example from pharmacology, since its safety assurance is conceptually based on MPC and it has already come against this problem. Possible formula of safety standard for nanoparticles is reflected in many publications, but conventional inspection methods cannot provide its realization, and this gap is an obstacle to assumption of similar formulas. Therefore the development of nanoparticle industry as a whole (also development of the pharmacology in particular) is impossible without the creation of an adequate inspection method. There are suggested new inspection methods founded on the new physical principle and satisfying to the adequate safety standard for nanoparticles. These methods demonstrate that creation of the adequate safety standard and the outgoing production inspection in a large-scale manufacturing of nanoparticles are the solvable problems. However there is a great distance between the physical principle and its hardware realization, and a transition from the principle to the hardware demands great intellectual and material costs. Therefore it is desirable to call attention of the public at large to the necessity of urgent expansions of investigations associated with outgoing inspections in nanoparticles technologies. It is necessary also to attract attention, first, of representatives of state structures controlling approvals of the adequate safety standard to this problem, since it is impossible t

关键词： Risks of Nanoparticle large-scale Manufacturing Adequate Safety Standard Outgoing Production Inspection Structure and Habit Scanning Electron Microscopy Habit Control by Means of Convergent Illuminating Electron Beams Safety Assurance in the Nanoparticle Industry Is a Solvable Problem

Global aridification in the second half of the 20th century and its relationship to large-scale climate background

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Science China Earth Sciences 2007年第5期50卷 776-788页

作者： MA ZhuGuo FU CongBin Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment Research for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

The variation in surface wetness index (SWI), which was derived from global gridded monthly precipi- tation and monthly mean surface air temperature datasets of Climatic Research Unit (CRU), from 1951― 2002 over global land was analyzed in this paper. The characteristics of the SWI variation in global continents, such as North America, South America, Eurasia, Africa, and Australia, were compared. In addition, the correlation between the SWI variation of each continent (or across the globe) and the large-scale background closely related to SST variations, which affects climate change, was analyzed. The results indicate that the SWI variation shows distinct regional characteristics in the second half of the 20th century under global warming. A drying trend in the last 52 years occurred in Africa, Eurasia, Australia and South America, most obviously in Africa and Eurasia. North America shows a wetting trend after 1976. A 30-year period of dry-wet oscillation is found in South America and Australia; the latest is in a drying period in two regions. The results also revealed that global warming has changed the dry-wet pattern of the global land. South America and Australia have a drying trend despite in- creases in precipitation. This indicates that increases in surface air temperature cannot be ignored in aridification studies. Global dry-wet variation is closely related to large-scale SST variations: the drying trend in Africa and Eurasia and the wetting trend in North America are correlated with Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO); the interdecadal oscillation of SWI in South America and Australia is consistent with the interdecadal variation in Southern Oscillation Index (SOI).

关键词： global dry-wet variation drying trend large-scale background interdecadal variation correlation

Study on the Production Benefit of large-scale Tobacco Growers

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Asian Agricultural Research 2014年第5期6卷 8-10页

作者： Shunyou LU Qinggao CHEN Ting LEI Yuanhui WANG Huizhong LIU Guizhou Weng'an Tobacco Company

The tobacco growers with the growing area of greater than or equal to 100 mu,have become an important subject of tobacco production in Weng'an County of Guizhou Province. Regulating and developing the production and business activities of large-scale tobacco growers, plays an important role in stabilizing tobacco production,reducing costs and increasing efficiency in Weng'an County. Through the field survey of large-scale growers' production activities,this article analyzes the input and output levels,and explores the key factors influencing benefit, in order to provide a basis for further regulating the tobacco growing practices and improving the flue-cured tobacco production benefit.

关键词： large-scale tobacco growers Production benefit Key

Analysis on the Effect of Shading on the Characteristics of large-scale on-grid PV System in China

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Energy and Power Engineering 2013年第4期5卷 215-218页

作者： Yunlin Sun Xiangzhi Li Ruijiang Hong Hui Shen School of Physics and Engineering Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou China

Because of rich solar resource and low land cost, a lot of large-scale ground-based grid-connected PV systems have been built in Northwest China. In this paper, some shading phenomena on a grid-connected PV system inNorthwest Chinaare classified and analyzed. Through the I-V curve test of PV modules, it can be seen that dust influence system performance of the grid-connected PV system. And the experimental results have shown that shading could affect the electrical properties of PV modules. Meanwhile, same shading area on different shading positions could have different impacts on the identical PV module.

关键词： large-scale Ground-based on-grid PV System Shading System Performance

Visualization Analysis Framework for large-scale Software Based on Software Network

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国际计算机前沿大会会议论文集 2017年第1期 185-187页

作者： Shengbing Ren Mengyu Jia Fei Huang Yuan Liu School of Software Central South UniversityChangshaChina

large-scale software systems,which are the most sophisticated human-designed objects,play more and more important role in our daily life.Consequently effective analysis for large-scale software has become an urgent problem to be solved with the increasing issues of software security and the continuous expansion of software applications scope.For the characteristics of large scale and complex structure in large-scale software,the traditional software analysis techniques are difficult to be used.With the problem of difficulty in presentation,storage and low efficiency in the process of large-scale software analysis,the visualization analysis framework for large-scale software based on software network,named SoNet,is proposed with the combination of complex network theory and program slicing technique.Constraint logic attributes of the programs will be obtained through source code parsing.Then we will construct a global view by the theory of complex network after extracting software structure and behavior,improving user’s perception of software architecture in a macro perspective.Use case slicing will be realized combined with Redis cluster,and accessibility analysis when given a keyword to be analyzed.We evaluate our prototype implementation on an open source software project named SoundSea in Github,and the results suggest that our approach can realize the analysis for large-scale software.

关键词： large-scale software Software network Visualization Constraint logic

large-scale Production of Microalgal Lipids Containing High Levels of Docosahexaenoic Acid upon Fermentation of <i>Aurantiochytrium</i>sp. KRS101

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2013年第9期4卷 1-5页

作者： Won-Kyung Hong Anna Yu Baek-Rock Oh Jang Min Park Chul Ho Kim Jung-Hoon Sohn Akihiko Kondo Jeong-Woo Seo Applied Microbiology Research Center Bio-Materials Research Institute Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB) Jeongeup South Korea Department of Chemical Science and Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Kobe University Kobe Japan. Systems and Synthetic Biology Research Center Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB) Daejeon South Korea

In this study, large-scale production of microalgal lipid containing high levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) by fermentation of Aurantiochytrium sp. KRS101 was performed. The microalgal strain yielded productivity of docosahex-aenoic acid (DHA) productivity of 1.08 and 1.6 g/L/d by fermentation at 300-L and 5000-L scale stirrer-type bioreactor. The productivity was significantly enhanced upto 5.6 g/L/d by fermentation at 6000-L scale airlift-type bioreactor, probably due to the reduced shearing force. The microalgal lipid could be efficiently recovered by safe extraction methods such as ethanol extraction, hot water extraction or supercritical fluid extraction, promising commercial potential of the microalgal DHA-rich lipid in the food and feed industry.

关键词： Aurantiochytrium sp. Heterotrophic Microalga large-scale Cultivation Lipid Docosahexaenoic Acid

Research on Control Method of Inverters for large-scale Grid Connected Photovoltaic Power System

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Energy and Power Engineering 2013年第4期5卷 1503-1507页

作者： Zhuo Zhang Hongwei Li Power Supply Company of Zhengzhou Henan China

A grid-connected inverter controlling method to analyze dynamic process of large-scale and grid-connected photovoltaic power station is proposed. The reference values of control variables are composed of maximum power which is the output of the photovoltaic array of the photovoltaic power plant, and power factor specified by dispatching, the control strategy of dynamic feedback linearization is adopted. Nonlinear decoupling controller is designed for realizing decoupling control of active and reactive power. The cascade PI regulation is proposed to avoid inaccurate parameter estimation which generates the system static error. Simulation is carried out based on the simplified power system with large-scale photovoltaic plant modelling, and the power factor, solar radiation strength, and bus fault are considered for the further research. It’s demonstrated that the parameter adjustment of PI controller is simple and convenient, dynamic response of system is transient, and the stability of the inverter control is verified.

关键词： large-scale Photovoltaic Grid-connected Dynamic Feedback Linearization Nonlinear Decoupling Cascade Connection PI Control