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Vulnerability of large city and Its Implication in Urban Planning: A Perspective of Intra-urban Structure

Chinese Geographical Science 2011年第2期21卷 204-210页

作者： XIU Chunliang CHENG Lin SONG Wei WU Wei School of Urban and Environmental Sciences Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 China Department of Geography and Geosciences University of Louisville Louisville K Y40292 USA

Vulnerability is a new field and analytical tool in the study of urban safety. Analysis and assessment of vulnerability provide a new basis for urban planning. This study constructed a quantitative index system for assessing vulnerability, based on the city′s sensitivity and emergency response capacity. city size, density, and spatial form influence a city′s sensitivity to crises and risks, to which vulnerability is positively related. Levels of socio-economic development, infrastructures, and emergency management contribute to a city′s emergency response capacity, with which vulnerability is inversely associated. Vulnerability of 19 large Chinese cities was assessed. Harbin and Shenzhen demonstrated the highest and lowest vulnerability among 19 cities, while Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou ranked the 5th, the 9th and the 12th. Spatially, northern cities tended to be more vulnerable than southern cities. And the differences in vulnerability among cities were explored based on cities′ physical geography conditions, level of socioeconomic development, infrastructures, regional status, history of disaster, history of urban planning and development, government policies, etc.

关键词： large city vulnerability urban safety urban planning

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A complete introduction to the SCJ proposal and its commentary on the development of seismically resilient cities

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2018年第4期17卷 677-691页

作者： Akira Wada Ikuo Towhata Kazuo Tamura Qu Zhe Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo 152-8550 Japan University of Tokyo Tokyo 153-8914 Japan Faculty of Engineering Chiba Institute of Technology Chiba 275-0016 Japan Institute of Engineering Mechanics China Earthquake Administration Harbin 150080 China

In modern society, the population, wealth and social functions are increasingly concentrated in a few large cities. Such concentration brings about efficiency while at the same time it increases the vulnerability of the society. To address this issue, the Science Council of Japan（SCJ） published a proposal entitled ＂Shape Cities and Societies Safer against Severe Earthquakes＂. It makes a variety of suggestions for enhancing the seismic resilience of large cities, including：（1） comprehensive thinking based on the latest scientific knowledge and rich imagination;（2） selection of sites suitable for residence and social activities;（3） introducing the urban seismic coefficient;（4） promoting the enhancement of the seismic performance of buildings and civil structures;（5） easing the concentration of population and functions;（6） building communities that enable shelter and escape;（7） resilient technology of information and communication system and its effective utilization;（8） preparation and implementation of emergency response after earthquakes;（9） development and application of new structural seismic technology;（10） learning from domestic and foreign earthquake disasters and launching of international cooperation and knowledge sharing and（11） taking actions from a multidisciplinary perspective. The proposal is introduced in this paper.

关键词： large earthquake large city urban disaster resilience society earthquake engineering

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Measurement and Analysis of the Comprehensive Development Levels of large Cities in China:Based on the New Development Concept

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Chinese Journal of Urban and Environmental Studies 2018年第2期6卷 33-63页

作者： NI Pengfei WANG Yufei DING Ruxi National Academy of Economic Strategy Chinese Academy of Social Sciences School of Economics and Management Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications School of Economics Southwestern University of Finance and Economics

The measurement of a city’s comprehensive development is very important. In view of the new development concept and relevant measurement principles, the authors establish an indicator system that covers six dimensions — innovation, economic development, social harmony, ecofriendliness, openness and connectivity, and infrastructure — to measure the comprehensive development of 69 sample cities, which have more than one million permanent residents in the city proper according to the latest national standards for the classification of cities. The results show that large cities nationwide are seriously polarized in comprehensive development. The sample cities are roughly divided into four echelons. Those in the top echelon are more developed than average cities in the country and there is strong competition among cities in this echelon. In regional terms, cities in the east obviously fare better than those in the west. Separate examinations of the six dimensions show that innovation is the key engine for growth and a main indicator of transformation and upgrading, but it also contributes to the polarization of cities and is where the cities in the second, third and fourth echelons fall short of. In the new era, efforts need to be made to promote transformation and development, not only in cities of the first echelon, but also in those of other echelons, so as to realize balanced and full development. The cities, on the other hand, need to build their strengths, fix their weaknesses, and focus on their key areas, thus enhancing their comprehensive development levels as required by the new development concept.

关键词： large city comprehensive development level echelon new development concept

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Research on the Urban Agriculture Planning Models of Metropolis:A Case Study of Chengdu

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Journal of Landscape Research 2014年第5期6卷 22-25页

作者： QUE Yi WANG Haoyang School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Southwest Petroleum University

With the accelerating urbanization, ecological environment of the city has attracted increasing attention, so the resulting problems have become key research focuses in all countries. Against this background, urban agriculture has been applied as one of the effective approaches for relieving urbanization. From the perspective of industrial form of urban agriculture, planning models of urban agriculture were explored, industrial form and planning model of Chengdu urban agriculture were analyzed to forecast its development prospects. Multi-dimensional development, and sustainable development measures were given to guarantee the sustainable development of urban agriculture.

关键词： Urban agriculture large city Planning model Sustainable development Chengdu

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南京都市区人口空间扩张与多中心化

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地理 2013年第4期

作者：秦贤宏魏也华陈雯段学军

20世纪90年代以来，中国进入了前所未有的快速城市化阶段，大城市人口增长和空间演变剧烈，值得进行深入研究。以南京市为研究对象，先采用地理图形分析方法对都市区人口空间扩张过程进行了分析，后又采用数学模型方法对都市区人口分布... 详细信息

20世纪90年代以来，中国进入了前所未有的快速城市化阶段，大城市人口增长和空间演变剧烈，值得进行深入研究。以南京市为研究对象，先采用地理图形分析方法对都市区人口空间扩张过程进行了分析，后又采用数学模型方法对都市区人口分布多中心化趋势进行了系统研究。结果显示：在总人口持续快速增长的背景下，南京都市区人口高密度空间已延伸到近郊区，且远郊区中的区县政府驻地和一些优先开发区域的人口密度也已很高；城市人口空间分布已出现多中心化趋势，除了老城区北部的山西路已发育成除市中心新街口之外的人口次中心以外，郊区人口集聚最强的热点——河西新城区的万达广场也有望发育成另一个人口次中心。

关键词：快速发展期大城市人口空间扩张多中心南京市 large city population distribution spatial expansion polycentric development Nanjing

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