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Seasonal variation of evapotranspiration,Priestley-Taylor coefficient and crop coefficient in diverse landscapes

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Geography and Sustainability 2021年第3期2卷 224-233页

作者： Hantian Wu Weiwei Zhu Bo Huang nstitute of Space and Earth Information Science Chinese University of Hong KongShatinHong Kong SARChina State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Aerospace Information Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100094China Shenzhen Research Institute The Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhen 518057China

Priestley-Taylor equation(PT)and the Penman-Monteith equation(PM)are commonly used methods for regional evapotranspiration monitoring,using the PT coefficient(α_(a))and PM crop/vegetation coefficient(K_(c)).This paper investigates the seasonal changes inα_(a)and K_(c)at five sites in Australia and China,to understand the relation-ship between environmental conditions and evapotranspiration when applying different evaporation estimation methods.The research shows that higher actual evapotranspiration does not lead to higherα_(a)and K_(c)values.α_(a)and K_(c)perform similarly in cropland and forest environments in both China and Australia.Bothα_(a)and K_(c)continuously increase to a peak during the growing season and then decrease to their lowest values during the winter season.Considering K_(c)’s similar performance toα_(a)and its greater data processing requirements,K_(c)has few advantages for estimating regional evapotranspiration.Applying the Priestley-Taylor equation with a regional𝛼indicator will enhance the accuracy and reduce the workload when estimating regional evapotranspiration for similar landcover types based on remote sensing.

关键词： Crop coefficient,Evapotranspiration riestley-Taylor coefficient easonal variation landscapes

Agriculture in Hilly and Mountainous landscapes: Threats, Monitoring and Sustainable Management

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Geography and Sustainability 2020年第1期1卷 70-76页

作者： Paolo Tarolli Eugenio Straffelini Department of Land EnvironmentAgriculture and ForestryUniversity of PadovaAgripolisViale dell’Università16Legnaro(PD)35020Italy

Agricultural landscapes cultivated in hilly and mountainous areas,often with terracing practice,could represent for some regions historical heritages and cultural ecosystem services.For this reason,they deserve to be protected.The complex morphology that characterises them,however,makes these areas intrinsically susceptible to hydrogeological instability,such as soil loss due to surface erosion or more severe mass movements.We can identify three major critical factors for such landscapes.The first is related to the socio-economic evolution of contemporary civilization,that increased the land abandonment of several rural regions,leading therefore to a lack of maintenance.A second element is the unsustainable agricultural practices,such as excessive heavymechanization that cause soil compaction thus accelerating degradation.Finally,the climate change forcing,with the increasing of the extreme rainfall.In this complex framework,it is necessary to find innovative solutions for the mitigation of hydrogeological risk and to respond in a well-prepared way to the possible future critical scenarios.Therefore,the use of sustainable agricultural practices,which allow the production of quality agricultural products in perfect harmony with the surrounding environment,becomes crucial.Suitable solutions must respond to the criterion of multidisciplinary,where the various stakeholders collaborate by offering their specific knowledge in a shared intention of problem-solving.The discipline of geography may become a valuable asset in this framework.In particular,thanks to the recent technological advances in the topographic survey(e.***.innovative remote sensing techniques such as drones and airborne laser scanning),it is possible to exploit digital terrain analysis to synthesize key information for decision-makers,in order to plan sustainable interventions.Moreover,thanks to the high-resolution and accuracy offered by digital topography and the advanced morphometric algorithms,it is possible to tackle the problem of hydrogeological

关键词： landscapes Agriculture Sustainability Erosion Remote sensing DEM

Geoecological analysis of the Korea alpine and subalpine plants and landscapes

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 1999年第2期11卷 116-119页

作者： KONG Woo seok Department of Geography, KyungHee University, Seoul, 130 701, Korea. E mail: wskong@nms.kyunghee. ac.kr

Present work aims to designate the alpine and subalpine plants and landscapes, and also to analyse the species composition, physiognomy, attitudinal ranges as well as formation processes of Korean alpine and subalpine belts and their geoecology. The alpine and subalpine floras of Korean mountains are evidently descended from immigrants from NE Asia during the epochs of the Ice Age. These plants, which are very intolerant of competition in warm and mild climates, have been able to persist in alpine and subalpine belts thanks to their harsh climatic conditions, sterile soil, rugged topography and cryoturbation. Continuing works on the palaeoenvironment and thermal amplitude of alpine and subalpine elements on Korea high mountains may be enabled to understand better on the geoecology and natural history of the Korean Peninsula, as well as the structures, functions, mechanism and dynamics of alpine and subalpine plants and landscapes.

关键词： geoecology alpine and subalpine plants landscapes Korea.

Formation of Baiyun Karst Cave landscapes in the Kongshan Mountain of Lincheng County, Hebei Province

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Journal of Landscape Research 2013年第Z2期5卷 33-39页

作者： WANG Jian ZHANG Xiaoman SUN Yanping ZHENG Qianhua HUANG Huafang College of Resources and Environmental Science Hebei Normal University Laboratory of Environmental Evolution and Ecological Construction of Hebei Province

Baiyun Cave in the Kongshan Mountain is a cave which developed mostly in thick-layer oolitic limestone of the Middle Cambrain Zhangxia Formation in the Quaternary period.The spatial distribution of the karst cave was cotrolled by the NNW,NE and near-EW faults.The karst cave system consists of three layers,includes mainly hall type and corridor type,within which there are diversified sedimentary landscapes and corrosion landscapes,especially"Reticular helictite","Jade-hairpin pointing at bottle","Yin and yang jade columns"and many other special landscapes can hardly be found in other karst caves.Influenced by the strong tectonic activities since the Quaternary period,the cave collapsed several times,and landscapes within the cave have been seriously damaged.Study on the landscape formation of karst caves and influence of cave environment changes on its landscape development will contribute to the reasonable development and protection of tourist resources in the cave.

关键词： Baiyun Cave Karst cave landscapes Cause Formation and evolution

Designing a Citizen Science Project for Forest landscapes: A Case from Hofmann Forest in Eastern North Carolina

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Open Journal of Forestry 2020年第2期10卷 187-203页

作者： Meredith Hovis Frederick Cubbage Diana Rashash North Carolina State University Raleigh NC USA North Carolina Cooperative Extension Service Jacksonville NC USA

Citizen science is a participatory research design that utilizes both non-professional researchers and professional researchers to collect, analyze, and disperse data. Citizen scientists seek to discover answers and draw solutions to scientific questions. The Hofmann Open Water Laboratory (HOWL) project, established in 2016, focuses its collaborative-based efforts in eastern North Carolina. HOWL citizen scientists monitor water quality, and quantity, that flows on and off the Hofmann Forest. HOWL provides opportunities to citizen scientists and gathers data to meet the project outcomes, which include understanding the importance of Hofmann Forest in the inner coastal plain of North Carolina, building science education skills for citizen science participants, and enhancing community relationships between the forest and citizens. This article outlines several approaches for developing citizen science projects in a forest context, drawing on experiences from HOWL. The paradigm can be used to meet the needs of any forest landscape’s research and management goals, while employing a participatory research approach. The guidelines present suggestions for productive and enduring processes for citizen engagement and project sustainability. Each project will need participants to set goals, build a diverse collaboration, and establish on-going evaluation processes to determine successful and failed components that ensures the project moves forward effectively. The citizen science efforts near the Hofmann Forest in Eastern North Carolina provided an excellent case study of the development of citizen science on the forest and adjacent lands. HOWL attempts to meet participant and socio-ecological outcomes, such as encouraging public action in natural resource and forest management, as well as enhancing scientific knowledge and skills. The project helps synthesize our experiences in this effort and the social science literature, providing reasonable guidelines for those seeking to establish their own citizen science efforts wit

关键词： Citizen Science Forest landscapes Forest Context Public Participation Project Design

The Geosystem Analysis of Exogenesis of High-Mountain landscapes of the Basin of the River Girdymanchay in Azerbaijan

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International Journal of Geosciences 2015年第11期6卷 1254-1260页

作者： Ilham Mardanov Agayev Tahir Department of Physical Geography Sumgait State University Azerbaijan

For the geological systems, assessment of influencing exogenous relief forming processes having essential impact on development of landscape status arises need of development of various field and image interpretation methods for creation of scenarios of possible changes of a geo-ecological situation in various massif having harmful consequences, by identification of relationships of cause and effect. It was analyzed possibilities of prognosis of the changes of the geo-ecological situation in high-mountainous of Great Caucasus with use of the geological, geomorphologic, climate and landscape materials, data of digital processing of the photo images and visual observation. Also the possibilities of forecasting of change of landscape structure of highlands in natural area of Great Caucasus with use of various data were analyzed. It was defined the main differences of relief situation, hydro meteorological conditions in the various parts of high-mountainous geo systems?in which exogenic processes were shown, character and intensity of land using which had the influence to the slope slides. These data allowed revealing the main distinctions of factors of a relief situation?in which were shown exodynamic relief and landscape forming processes, character and intensity of the land use, to some extent influencing on descent of landslides and area of their destructive.

关键词： Erosion Exodynamic Process Hydro Meteorological Process Geodynamic Processes landscapes Great Caucasus

Dynamics of the Vegetation landscapes of the Mbere Valley’s National Park and Its Southern Periphery

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Open Journal of Ecology 2017年第6期7卷 392-405页

作者： Narke Jean Cyrille Aoudou Doua Sylvain National Institute of Cartography (NIC) Yaoundé Cameroon Higher Institute of the Sahel (HIS) University of Maroua Maroua Cameroon

The present study is about the dynamics of the vegetation landscapes of the Mbere Valley’s National Park and its southern periphery (MVNP). The physical and human characteristics of this area, translated by an inter-twining of natural, anthropic and institutional factors, predispose its vegetation cover to a dynamic which can be progressive or regressive according to the dominant factor. The present study aims at reconstituting the various space-time variations of the MVNP vegetation cover and its periphery between 1987 and 2014, and at determining the processes and the factors having supported these space-time variations of vegetation cover. The methodological step consists of an association of fieldwork and remote sensing in order to characterize the vegetation cover, to reconstitute the evolution of the vegetation cover and to determine the main factors of the processes of this evolution or dynamic. The diachronic analysis shows that the dynamics of the vegetation cover was marked by a progressive evolution between 1987 and 1999, and a regressive evolution between 1999 and 2014. On the base of fieldwork observations and the socio-economic surveys, it arises that the dynamics of the vegetation cover of the valley of Mbere and its periphery is subjected to the combined influence of the natural conditions, from the recurring anthropic disturbances as well as the weight of regulatory measures.

关键词： Dynamics landscapes Vegetations National Park Periphery Mbere Valley

The Human Role in Constructing Settlement Patterns and landscapes:A Caution Based on Systematic Archaeological Survey in Coastal Shandong Province,China

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东方考古 2016年第1期 1-15页

作者： Gary M.Feinman Linda M.Nicholas Fang Hui The Field Museum Shandong University

Introduction The recent advances in archaeobotany that have fostered our understanding of agricultural origins and variable crop regimes across Neolithic and Bronze Age Eastern Asia represent major contributions for which we applaud our colleagues who have presented their discoveries and results at this conference.These findings help us see how early villagers in this part of the world constructed diverse niches that they inhabited thousands of years ago.

关键词： Constructing Settlement Patterns landscapes Survey

Campus landscapes of Xiaogan University and Its Cultural Connotations

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Journal of Landscape Research 2012年第10期4卷 41-43页

作者： ZHOU Juan Faculty of Life Science Hubei University

Taking Xiaogan University (Hubei Engineering University) for example, characteristic campus landscapes of culture, knowledge, ecology and four seasons were analyzed on the basis of their cultural connotations. The relationship between humanistic plaza and its humanistic concerns, fountain plaza and humanistic spirits of the university, statue of Confucius and traditional culture of the university, Xingzhi Garden and moral education, Chunhui Lake and its neighboring humanistic environment was elaborated. It was stressed that campus construction should take actual conditions and features of the university into consideration, and elements capable of showing characteristics of the university should be fully used, and cultural connotations understood and applied for linking all landscape elements. By following the above principles, a campus characterized by regional features, profound cultural connotations and harmonious ecological conditions will be constructed.

关键词： Xiaogan University Campus landscapes Cultural connotations