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THE EFFECT OF land-sea contrast ON INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY OF THE ASIAN MONSOON

Acta meteorologica Sinica 2000年第2期14卷 200-209页

作者：罗会邦 Department of Atmospheric Sciences Zhongshan UniversityGuangzhou 510275

Values of the net radiative heating(QRT)at the top of atmosphere(TOA)are derived from the satellite-observed outgoing long wave radiation(OLR)and the TOA short wave net irradiance (SHT)for the region of the Tibetan Plateau and surrounding areas(40°S—40°N,0—180°E)and the period of months from January 1979 to December 1988.The anomalous QRT(QRTA)in relation to the interannual variability of Asian monsoon is discussed.QRTA for the earth-atmosphere system in the domain may be linked to the thermal contrasts between continents and oceans and between the plateau and surrounding free atmosphere.

关键词： monsoon interannual variation land-sea contrast

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Temporal and Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Lightning Activity over the Pacific Ocean and Adjacent land and Its Relationship with AOD and CAPE

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Journal of Tropical Meteorology 2022年第4期28卷 473-488页

作者：初雨郭凤霞张志伟邹迪可吴泽怡刘舟鲁鲜 Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education(KLME)/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change(ILCEC)/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters(CIC-FEMD)/Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological AdministrationNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044 China

Based on LIS/OTD gridded lightning climatology data,ERA5 reanalysis data,and MODIS atmosphere monthly global products,we examined latitudinal and daily variations of lightning activity over land,offshore areas,open sea,and all marine areas(i.e.,the aggregate of open sea and offshore areas)for different seasons over the Pacific Ocean and the adjacent land areas at 65°N-50°S,99°E-78°W,and analysed the relationships of lightning activity with CAPE(Convective Available Potential Energy)and AOD(Aerosol Optical Depth).At any given latitude,the lightning density is the highest over land,followed by offshore areas,all marine areas and the open sea in sequence.The lightning density over land is approximately an order of magnitude greater than that over all marine areas.Lightning activity over land,offshore areas,open sea,and all marine areas varies with season.The diurnal variation of lightning density over land has a single-peak pattern.Over the offshore area,open sea,and all marine areas,lightning densities have two maxima per day.The magnitude of the daily variation in mean lightning density is the largest over land and the smallest over the open sea.The lightning density over the Pacific Ocean and adjacent land areas is significantly and positively correlated with CAPE.The correlation is the strongest over land and the weakest over the open sea.Cloud Base Height(CBH)may affect the efficiency of CAPE conversion to updraft.CAPE has a positive effect on lightning activity and has a greater impact on land than on the ocean.Over the sea,both CAPE and AOD can contribute to lightning activity,but the magnitudes of the influence of CAPE and AOD on lightning activity remain to be determined.Lightning activity over land and sea is a result of the combined action of AOD and CAPE.

关键词： Pacific lightning land-sea contrast thermal conditions aerosol

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