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The Use of item Response Theory in Survey Methodology: Application in Seat Belt Data

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American Journal of Operations Research 2018年第1期8卷 17-32页

作者： Mark K. Ledbetter Norou Diawara Bryan E. Porter Mathematics and Statistics Department Old Dominion University Norfolk VA USA Department of Psychology Old Dominion University Norfolk VA USA

Problem: Several approaches to analyze survey data have been proposed in the literature. One method that is not popular in survey research methodology is the use of item response theory (IRT). Since accurate methods to make prediction behaviors are based upon observed data, the design model must overcome computation challenges, but also consideration towards calibration and proficiency estimation. The IRT model deems to be offered those latter options. We review that model and apply it to an observational survey data. We then compare the findings with the more popular weighted logistic regression. Method: Apply IRT model to the observed data from 136 sites within the Commonwealth of Virginia over five years collected in a two stage systematic stratified proportional to size sampling plan. Results: A relationship within data is found and is confirmed using the weighted logistic regression model selection. Practical Application: The IRT method may allow simplicity and better fit in the prediction within complex methodology: the model provides tools for survey analysis.

关键词： item Response Theory Logistic Regression Sampling Weight

The Scaling Constant D in item Response Theory

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Open Journal of Statistics 2017年第5期7卷 780-785页

作者： Gregory Camilli Graduate School of Education Rutgers University New Brunswick NJ USA

In item response theory (IRT), the scaling constant D = 1.7 is used to scale a discrimination coefficient a estimated with the logistic model to the normal metric. Empirical verification is provided that Savalei’s?[1] proposed a scaling constant of D = 1.749 based on Kullback-Leibler divergence appears to give the best empirical approximation. However, the understanding of this issue as one of the accuracy of the approximation is incorrect for two reasons. First, scaling does not affect the fit of the logistic model to the data. Second, the best scaling constant to the normal metric varies with item difficulty, and the constant D = 1.749 is best thought of as the average of scaling transformations across items. The reason why the traditional scaling with D = 1.7 is used is simply because it preserves historical interpretation of the metric of item discrimination parameters.

关键词： item Response Theoru IRT Scaling Constant D

Effects of Differential item Discriminations between Individual-Level and Cluster-Level under the Multilevel item Response Theory Model

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2014年第8期4卷 425-432页

作者： Chalie Patarapichayatham Akihito Kamata Southern Methodist University University Park USA

This study attempted to interpret differential item discriminations between individual and cluster levels by focusing on patterns and magnitudes of item discriminations under 2PL multilevel IRT model through a set of variety simulation conditions. The consistency between the mean of individual-level ability estimates and cluster-level ability estimates was evaluated by the correlations between them. As a result, it was found that they were highly correlated if the patterns of item discriminations were the same for both individual and cluster levels. The magnitudes of item discriminations themselves did not affect much on correlations, as far as the patterns were the same at the two levels. However, it was found that the correlation became lower when the patterns of item discriminations were different between the individual and cluster levels. Also, it was revealed that the mean of the estimated individual-level abilities would not be necessarily a good representation of the cluster-level ability, if the patterns were different at the two levels.

关键词： Multilevel item Response Theory Model Ability Estimates item Discrimination

Applying item Response Theory Methods to Improve the Measurement of Fatigue in a Clinical Trial of Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Treated with Secukinumab

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Open Journal of Rheumatology and Autoimmune Diseases 2013年第4期3卷 192-201页

作者： Mark Kosinski Jakob B. Bjorner Ari Gnanasakthy Usha Mallya Shephard Mpofu Novartis Pharma AG Basel Switzerland. Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation East Hanover USA Quality Metric Incorporated Lincoln Rhode Island

Background: Many clinical trials include multiple patient-reported outcomes (PROs) to measure fatigue as secondary or exploratory endpoints of treatment effectiveness. Often, these instruments have overlapping content. The objective of this study was to compare the combined measurement properties of two fatigue scales, the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue (FACIT-Fatigue) and SF-36 vitality (VT) scale using item response theory (IRT). Methods: The FACIT-Fatigue and SF-36v2 were administered at baseline and weeks 2, 4, 7, 12, and 16 to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients (n = 237) enrolled in a 52-week multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, dose finding study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of subcutaneous secukinumab administered to pa- tients with active RA. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to investigate unidimensionality among FACIT- Fatigue and VT items. A generalized partial credit IRT model was used to cross-calibrate the FACIT-Fatigue and VT items and weighted maximum-likelihood estimation was used to score a composite fatigue index. Analysis of variance was used to compare the composite fatigue index with the original scales in responding to ACR improvement and treatment effects. Results: CFA found less than adequate fit to a unidimensional model. However, specifications of alternative multidimensional models were insufficient in explaining the common variance among items. An IRT model was successfully fitted and the composite fatigue index score was found to be more responsive than the original scales to ACR improvement and treatment effects. Effect sizes and significance tests for changes in scores on the composite index were generally larger than those observed with the original scales. Conclusion: IRT methods offer a promising approach to combining items from different scales measuring the same concept that could improve the detection of treatment effects in clinical studies of RA.

关键词： Patient-Reported Outcomes Fatigue Rheumatoid Arthritis item Response Theory Clinical Trial

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item软件在基于故障树诊断中的应用

控制工程 2007年第S3期14卷 90-92页

作者：金亮亮姜斌刘剑慰南京航空航天大学自动化学院江苏南京210016

在复杂的故障树中,手工定量分析故障树和求取最小割集比较的困难。利用可靠性工程软件item对故障树进行建造和分析,快速地求取出了故障树的顶事件的发生概率,最小割集数及其发生的概率。从结果中得到各个底事件的重要度,分析出各个底事... 详细信息

在复杂的故障树中,手工定量分析故障树和求取最小割集比较的困难。利用可靠性工程软件item对故障树进行建造和分析,快速地求取出了故障树的顶事件的发生概率,最小割集数及其发生的概率。从结果中得到各个底事件的重要度,分析出各个底事件在故障树中对顶事件发生贡献度大小和在故障树结构中的重要性,从而给出了系统设计的薄弱环节,为提高和保证系统的可靠性提供了有效的方法。并从给的最小割集量级上进行比较,为系统故障源搜索提供较好的测试步骤。

关键词： item 故障树故障诊断

Negative Polarity item “Renhe” in Chinese and “Koī” in Hindi

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Sino-US English Teaching 2019年第11期16卷 466-475页

作者： GAO Xirui GAO Wencheng Peking University BeijingChina University of Shanghai for Science and Technology ShanghaiChina

This paper conducts a comparative analysis of negative polarity item“renhe”in Chinese and“koī”in *** the aspect of licensing conditions,it is found that both“renhe”and“koī”can be licensed by negative sentences,yes-no interrogative sentences,A-not-A interrogative sentences,and the antecedent clause of a ***“renhe”in Chinese and“koī”in Hindi are strong negative polarity items(NPIs).NPI“renhe”can be focalized by adding“ye”or“dou”;in this case,the modified noun phrase is moved from the right to the left of the negative marker,reinforcing negative ***“koī”can also be focalized by adding a modal particle“hī”,but the modified noun phrase is not moved,with“koī(-bhī)…hī”collocation reinforcing negative effect.

关键词： negative polarity item (NPI) “renhe” in Chinese “koī” in Hindi comparative study

SVC bitstream adaptation in MPEG-21 multimedia framework

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2006年第5期7卷 764-772页

作者： THANG Truong Cong KIM Young Suk RO Yong Man KANG Jungwon KIM Jae-Gon Department of Engineering Information and Communications UniversityDaejeon 305-732 Korea Department of Engineering Information and Communications University Daejeon 305-732 Korea Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute Daejeon 305-732 Korea

Scalable video coding (SVC) is the most promising video format for applications of collaborative communication. MPEG-21 standard has newly emerged to enable the interoperability of multimedia delivery in heterogeneous environments. In this paper we study adaptation of SVC bitstream in the context of MPEG-21 multimedia framework. For interfacing SVC bit- stream with MPEG-21 based adaptation system, we propose three SVC specific adaptation operators. Based on our previous work with multidimensional video adaptation, we present an effective approach, using MPEG-21 DIA AdaptationQoS description tool, to model QoS control for SVC adaptation. Then we show how the operator values could be computed from that representation. For the actual adaptation at bitstream level, we propose a procedure to remove the unnecessary NAL units from an SVC bitstream. The result of this study enables QoS management of SVC streaming in an efficient and standardized manner.

关键词： Multidimensional video adaptation, Scalable video coding (SVC), MPEG-21 DIA (Digital item Adaptation), QoS

A new quantitative method in analysing the experiments on short term serial memory

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 1998年第5期41卷 460-464页

作者：唐孝威陈湘川张达人 Center for Brain Science University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Biology Department University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China

A new quantitative method is introduced into the analysis of the experiments on short term serial memory (STSM). In this method, three parameters are defined to quantitatively represent the performance of memory for item and time order information. These parameters are the divergence, the disorder and the similarity. This method is used in analysing the experiments on visuo-spatial STSM. The results show that the parameters may reflect some characteristics of STSM.

关键词： short term serial memory item and time order information method of quantitative analysis.

Designing of A Computerized Cognitive Adaptive Testing Model

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现代外语 1999年第2期22卷 169-171页

作者： He Lianzhen

***,includingallformsoflanguagetestingandpsychometricsitself,******... 详细信息

***,includingallformsoflanguagetestingandpsychometricsitself,******...

关键词： item Response Theory (IRT) Computerized Adaptive Testing (CAT ) Cognitive Psychology (CP) Computerized Cognitive Adaptive Testing(CCAT)