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Fruit Fly as a Model Organism for Blood-Brain Barrier Penetration and Infectious Disease in the Nanomedical Niche

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2020年第3期17卷 553-569页

作者： Victoria Meng-Ting Wu Vuk Uskokovic MP Biomedicals 9 GoddardIrvineCA 92618USA Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of CaliforniaEngineering Gateway 4200Irviney CA 92697USA

Drosophila melanogaster,*** common fhiit fly,is a simple organism that may give a rapid,high-throughput response in regard to the therapeutic efficacy of nanoparticles and drugs,while circumventing the high environmental and monetary cost of today's typical in vivo assays involving more complex animals,along with the immeasurable suffering imposed onto *** we give the progress report on our effort to turn *** into a model organism for the in vivo testing of Blood-Brain Barrier(BBB)penetration of nanoparticles and the treatment of infectious *** show that orally ingested superparamagnetic nanoparticles successfully cross the BBB in *** and localize to the optic lobes of the third instar larval brain,while causing no adverse effects to the invertebrate *** also show that both orally ingested calcium phosphate nanoparticles and biofilm-forming *** localize to the Drosophila crop,the food storage organ of the fly,which shrinks in response to *** model does not induce mortality consequential to infection and the effects of the internalization and proliferation of the microbes are evaluable by measuring the crop parameters,including fluorescence intensity and *** development of these two models could simplify the preclinical testing of medical treatments and of pharmaceutical agents for neurological and infectious disease,while ensuring robust and reliable levels of statistical significance at low cost.

关键词： animal model calcium phosphate in vivo iron oxide nanoparticle

Gold Catalysts Supported on Crystalline Fe_2O_3 and CeO_2/Fe_2O_3 for Low-temperature CO Oxidation

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2010年第1期26卷 98-104页

作者： LIU Rui-hui ZHANG Cun-man MA Jian-xin School of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongii University Shanghai 200092 P. R. China Clean Energy Automotive Engineering Center School of Automotive Studies Tongji University Shanghai 201804 P. R. China

High active and stable gold catalysts supported on crystalline Fe203 and CeO2/Fe2O3 were prepared via the deposition-precipitation method. The catalyst with a Au load of 1.0% calcined at 180 ℃ showed a CO conversion of 100% at -8.9℃, while Au/CeO2/Fe2O3 converted CO completely at -16.1 ℃. Even having been calcined at 500 ℃, Au/Fe2O3 still exhibited significant catalytic activity, achieving full conversion of CO at 61.6℃. The catalyst with a low Au load of 0.5% could convert CO completely at room temperature and kept the activity unchanged for at least 150 h. N2 adsorption-desorption measurements show that the crystalline supports possessed a high specific surface area of about 200 m2/g. Characterizations of X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy indicate that gold species were highly dispersed as nano or sub-nano particles on the supports. Even after the catalyst was calcined at 500 ℃, the Au particles remained in a nano-size of about 6--10 nm. X-ray photoelectron spectra reveal that the supported Au existed in metallic state Au0. The modification of Au/Fe2O3 by CeO2 proved to be beneficial to the inhibition of crystallization of Fe2O3 and the stabilization of gold particles in dispersed state, consequently promoting catalytic activity.

关键词： Gold catalyst Low-temperature CO oxidation iron oxide Nanoparticle Additive

Wien Effect Characterization of Interactions Between Ions and Charged Sites on Clay Surfaces of Variable-Charge Soils

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Pedosphere 2009年第5期19卷 545-553页

作者： ZHU Hao-Wen WANG Yu-Jun ZHOU Jun JIANG Jun LI Cheng-Bao ZHOU Dong-Mei S. P. FRIEDMAN Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 (China) State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 (China) Institute of Soil Water and Environmental Sciences Agricultural Research Organization the Volcani Center Bet Dagan 50250 (Israel)

To investigate the interactions of oppositely charged sites on the surfaces of variable-charge soil particles with cations and anions, and to evaluate the mean Gibbs free binding and adsorption energies of various cations on particles of red soil and latosol, clay fractions smaller than 2 μm were separated from samples of the two variable-charge soils. Ferric oxides were removed from part of the clay fractions, which were then saturated with various chlorides （NaC1, KCl, CaCl2, CdCl2 or LaCl3）. Electrical conductivities （EC） of dilute suspensions of the original and of the iron oxides-free clay fractions in deionized water were measured with the SHP-2 short high-voltage pulse apparatus, which enables measurement of the Wien effect at field strengths （E） from 14 to 250 kV cm^-1. The Wien effect （EC-E） curves revealed EC increases of red soil suspensions between 14 and 200 kV cm^-1, of 8.3, 8.4, 12.1, 5.9, and 1.2 μS cm^-1 for NaCl, KCl, CaCl2, CdCl2, and LaCl3, respectively, reflecting the differing interactions with the various cations and chloride. The EC increments with the iron-free red soil suspensions were higher, being 29.7, 17.2, and 15.3 μS cm^-1 for NaCl, CaCl2, and CdCl2, respectively. In the natural latosol suspensions the EC increments were practically zero, whereas in the iron-free fractions there were significant EC increments of 10.3, 5.7, 5.0, and 1.6μS cm^-1 for NaCl, CaCl2, CdCl2, and LaCl3, respectively.

关键词： electrical conductivity field strength iron oxide overlapping ζ potential

Chemical oxidation of arsenic in the environment and its application in remediation: A mini review

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Pedosphere 2023年第1期33卷 185-193页

作者： Chaolei YUAN Qi LI Zhaoyang SUN Wenjun ZHANG Jiangrong CHEN Zheng CHEN Shuo NA Hongwen SUN Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution ControlCollege of Environmental Science and EngineeringNankai UniversityTianjin 300350China The Institute of Seawater Desalination and Multipurpose Utilization Ministry of Natural ResourcesTianjin 300192China Department of Health and Environmental Sciences Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool UniversitySuzhou 215123China

Arsenic(As)contamination in soil and water poses a serious threat to the ecosystem health and human beings,and is of widespread *** main As species found in soil and water are arsenite As(Ⅲ)and arsenate As(V).Because As(Ⅲ)is more toxic and often more mobile than As(Ⅴ),many remediation strategies aim to oxidize As(Ⅲ)to As(Ⅴ).In the environment,the reduction of As(Ⅴ)under anaerobic conditions is mainly mediated by microorganisms,but the oxidation of As(Ⅲ)under aerobic conditions can be mediated primarily by chemical *** article first reviews the existing knowledge on chemical oxidation of As(Ⅲ)in the environment,with an emphasis on the roles of iron(Fe)and manganese(Mn)*** application of Fe and Mn oxides for the remediation of As-contaminated soil and water is then *** oxidation of As(Ⅲ)by oxygen is very slow in the absence of *** Mn oxides,on the other hand,can efficiently oxidize As(Ⅲ).Although the oxidation of As(Ⅲ)by Fe(Ⅲ)is also slow,this process can be accelerated by light or Fe(Ⅱ).iron and Mn oxides are widely used for the remediation of As-contaminated soil and water,with Fe oxides generally acting as absorbents while Mn oxides as *** better understand and regulate As transformation and transport in the environment,further study is needed on the mechanisms and influencing factors of As(Ⅲ)oxidation by Fe and Mn oxides,and the development of innovative methods and materials based on Fe and Mn oxides are desired.

关键词： As contamination iron oxide manganese oxide soil water

Crucial role of iron plaque on thallium uptake by rice plant

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Waste Disposal and Sustainable Energy 2023年第1期5卷 89-96页

作者： Xiaoyin Zhang Wenhuan Yuan Juan Liu Haoran Li Han Cai Haiyao Hu Dongyi Ren Yuhua Zhang Yuxiang Shen Jin Wang School of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Waters Quality&Conservation in the Pearl River Delta Ministry of EducationGuangzhou UniversityGuangzhou510006China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources Guangzhou510006China

iron plaque is a Fe-containing oxide film produced by the oxidation of Fe(II)in the rice root system under the combined action of oxygen infiltration and other *** to its special surface structure and physio-chemical properties,the iron plaque has a strong absorption capacity for a variety of heavy metal *** study aimed to first investigate the effects of Fe species on the geochemical fractionation of Tl in typical paddy soil systems affected by industrial activities,followed by pot culture experiments to probe the effects of Fe species on the uptake and translocation of Tl in rice *** results of field work preliminarily showed that iron at different valences affected the conversion of the Tl geochemical fraction in the *** Tl exerted significant positive correlation relationships with Fe2+and negative correlation relationships with Fe3+,while reducible Tl only displayed a positive correlation with Fe3+.Further analysis by pot culture experiments revealed that the contents of Fe were significantly positively correlated with Tl contents in Fe plaque(R2=0.529).In contrast,the water-soluble Tl contents in the soil were significantly negatively correlated with the contents of Fe(R2=–0.90,piron plaque promoted the absorption and fixation of Tl on the root surface of rice plants,causing Tl to accumulate in the iron ***,the Tl content in the Fe plaque on the root surface of rice plants was greater than that in the above-ground tissues,which indicates that most Fe plaque exerts a certain degree of inhibition on Tl migration into the above-ground tissues of rice *** these findings indicate that Fe film is also an important carrier of Tl transfer in the soil–rice plant system,which provides new scientific support for the remediation of typical Tl-contaminated rice fields.

关键词： iron oxide Thallium pollution iron plaque Rice

Facile shape and size-controlled growth of uniform magnetite and hematite nanocrystals with tunable properties

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Science China Chemistry 2011年第6期54卷 923-929页

作者： CHEN LiQiao LIU WeiPing CHEN JiaLin YANG XianFeng LIU Jia FU XiongHui WU MingMei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry Ministry of Education' State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies' School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Sun Yat-Sen (Zhongshan) University Guangzhou 510275 China State Key Lab of Advanced Technology for Comprehensive Utilization of Platinum Metals ' Kunming Institute of Precious Metals Kunming 650106 China

Monodispersed magnetite Fe3O4 and hematite α-Fe2O3 nanocrystals have been grown in co-solvents of alcohol and water. Either the shape or the size of the nanocrystals could be easily controlled. Both the phases and nanostructures have been characterized by powder X-ray diffraction patterns and electron microscopy. The magnetic and catalytic properties of these products were investigated and compared with each other. The obtained results clearly demonstrate that these iron oxide nanocrystals are soft ferromagnetic at room temperature and α-Fe2O3 has a more effective catalytic property on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate than Fe3O4. Based on the experimental data, it is proposed that the magnetic and catalytic properties of these nanocrystals are dependent not only on the size and shape, but also on the surface structure of the nanocrystals. The nanoplates with significant anisotropic nanostructure demonstrate a highly enhanced performance as compared to nanoparticles.

关键词： iron oxide nanocrystals growth properties

A review of cadmium sorption mechanisms on soil mineral surfaces revealed from synchrotron-based X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy:Implications for soil remediation

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Pedosphere 2021年第1期31卷 11-27页

作者： Xinxin MO Matthew G.SIEBECKER Wenxian GOU Ling LI Wei LI Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry Ministry of EducationSchool of Earth Sciences and EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Department of Plant and Soil Science Texas Tech UniversityLubbock TX 79409(USA) State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuiyang 550081China

The sorption of cadmium(Cd) is one of the most important chemical processes in soil, affecting its fate and mobility in both soil and water and ultimately controlling its bioavailability. In order to fundamentally understand the sorption/desorption of Cd in soil systems, X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy(XAFS) has been applied in numerous studies to provide molecular-level information that can be used to characterize the surface adsorption and precipitation reactions that Cd can undergo. This information greatly improves our current knowledge of the possible chemical reactions of Cd in soil. This paper critically reviews the mechanisms of Cd sorption/desorption at the mineral-water interface based on XAFS studies performed over the past twenty years. An introduction to the basic concepts of sorption processes is provided, followed by a detailed interpretation of XAFS theory and experimental data collection and processing,ending finally with a discussion of the atomic/molecular-scale Cd sorption mechanisms that occur at the soil mineral-water interface. Particular emphasis is placed on literature that discusses Cd adsorption and speciation when associated with iron, manganese, and aluminum oxides and aluminosilicate *** sorption mechanisms by which Cd is sorbed by these minerals have been found, spanning from outer-sphere to inner-sphere to surface precipitation,depending on mineral type, surface loading, and pH. In addition, the application of complementary techniques(e.g.,113 Cd nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) and molecular dynamics simulation) for probing Cd sorption mechanisms is discussed. This review can help to develop appropriate strategies for the environmental remediation of Cd-contaminated soils.

关键词： aluminosilicate minerals aluminum oxide bioavailability heavy metal iron oxide manganese oxide mineral-water interface molecular-scale sorption mechanisms

Spectral Response of Different Eroded Soils in Subtropical China: A Case Study in Changting County, China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第3期11卷 697-707页

作者： LIN Chen ZHOU Sheng-lu WU Shao-hua ZHU Qing DANG Qi State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Land Resources and Tourism Sciences School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences Nanjing University State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Nanjing Insti-tute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences

Hyper-spectral data is widely used to determine soil properties. However, few studies have explored the soil spectral characteristics as response to soil erosion. This study analysed the spectral response of different eroded soils in subtropical China, and then identify the spectral characteristics and soil properties that better discriminate softs with different erosion degrees. Two methods were compared： direct identification by inherent spectral characteristics and indirect identification by predictions of critical soft properties. Results showed that the spectral curves for different degrees of erosion were similar in morphology, while overall reflectance and characteristics of specific absorption peaks were different. When the first method is applied, some differences among different eroded groups were found by integration of associated indicators. However, the index of such indicators showed apparent mixing and crossover among different groups, which reduced the accuracy of identification. For the second method, the correlation between critical soil properties, such as soil organic matter （SOM）, iron and aluminium oxides and reflectance spectra, was analysed. The correlation coefficients for the moderate eroded group were primarily between -0.3 to -0.5, which were worse than the other twogroups. However, the maximum value of R2 was obtained as 0.86 and 0.94 for the non-apparent eroded and the severe group. Furthermore, these two groups also showed some differences in the spectral response of iron complex state （Fep）, Aluminium amorphous state （Alo） and the modelling results for soil organic matter （SOM）. The study proved that it is feasible to identify different degrees of soil erosion by hyperspectral data, and that indirect identification by modelling critical soil properties and reflectance spectra is much better than direct identification. These results indicate that hyper-spectral data may represent a promising tool in monitoring and modelling soil erosio

关键词： Soil erosion Erosion degree Hyper-spectral Aluminium oxides iron oxide SOM

Theoretical Approach to Change Blast Furnace Regime With Natural Gas Injection

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Journal of iron and Steel Research International 2013年第9期20卷 40-46页

作者： K S Abdel Halim Central Metallurgical Research and Development Institute(CMRDI)

The operation of blast furnace using natural gas and oxygen enriched blast （composite blast technology） is considered in many countries to be standard operation for a modern blast furnace particularly in certain countries with cheap and stable supply of natural gas. The theoretical flame temperature （TFT） of combustion and the degree of di-rect reduction of iron oxides （rd） are considered as the main controlling parameters of composite blast technology. The calculated values of these parameters are mainly dependent on the amount of air blast consumption. This amount of air blast is measured before entering into blast stoves, Actually, some of air blast is lost through valves of air stoves. Consequently, the real volume of air blast in the furnace is less than the recorded value by amounts of 5%-15% which is not considered in the estimation of rd and TFT. The purpose is to analyze the different methods for es-timation of air blast inside the blast furnaces and develop a theoretical model to calculate air blast eonsumption with high accuracy. Based on the calculation of air blast consumption, a complete roadmap is demonstrated to change the operation regime parameters of blast furnaces working on composite blast technology.

关键词： composite blast technique natural gas blast consumption theoretical flame temperature direct reduc-tion degree iron oxide