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Nonlinear ionization dynamics of hot dense plasma observed in a laser-plasma amplifier

Light(Science & Applications) 2020年第1期9卷 196-203页

作者： F.Tuitje P.Martinez Gil T.Helk J.Gautier F.Tissandier J.-P.Goddet A.Guggenmos U.Kleineberg S.Sebban E.Oliva C.Spielmann M.Zurch Institute for Optics and Quantum Electronics Abbe Center of PhotonicsUniversity of JenaJenaGermany Helmholtz Institute Jena JenaGermany Departamento de Ingenieria Energetica and Instituto de Fusion Nuclear“Guillermo Velarde” ETSI IndustrialesUniversidad Politecnica de MadridMadridSpain Laboratoire d’Optique Appliquee ENSTA ParisEcole PolytechniqueCNRSInstitut Polytechnique de ParisPalaiseauFrance Department for Physics Ludwig-Maximilian-University MunichGarchingGermany Ultra Fast Innovations GmbH GarchingGermany Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society BerlinGermany Department of Chemistry University of California at BerkeleyBerkeleyCAUSA Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCAUSA

Understanding the behaviour of matter under conditions of extreme temperature,pressure,density and electromagnetic fields has profound effects on our understanding of cosmologic objects and the formation of the universe.Lacking direct access to such objects,our interpretation of observed data mainly relies on theoretical models.However,such models,which need to encompass nuclear physics,atomic physics and plasma physics over a huge dynamic range in the dimensions of energy and time,can only provide reliable information if we can benchmark them to experiments under well-defined laboratory conditions.Due to the plethora of effects occurring in this kind of highly excited matter,characterizing isolated dynamics or obtaining direct insight remains challenging.High-density plasmas are turbulent and opaque for radiation below the plasma frequency and allow only near-surface insight into ionization processes with visible wavelengths.Here,the output of a high-harmonic seeded laser-plasma amplifier using eightfold ionized krypton as the gain medium operating at a 32.8 nm wavelength is ptychographically imaged.A complexvalued wavefront is observed in the extreme ultraviolet(XUV)beam with high resolution.Ab initio spatio-temporal Maxwell–Bloch simulations show excellent agreement with the experimental observations,revealing overionization of krypton in the plasma channel due to nonlinear laser-plasma interactions,successfully validating this four-dimensional multiscale model.This constitutes the first experimental observation of the laser ion abundance reshaping a laserplasma amplifier.The presented approach shows the possibility of directly modelling light-plasma interactions in extreme conditions,such as those present during the early times of the universe,with direct experimental verification.

关键词： extreme ionization dynamics

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ionization cross sections for electron scattering from metastable rare-gas atoms （Ne~＊ and Ar~＊）

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Chinese Physics B 2013年第7期22卷 159-162页

作者：张永志周雅君 Center for Theoretical Atomic and Molecular Physics Academy of Fundamental and Interdisciplinary SciencesHarbin Institute of Technology Academy of Physical Science and Technology Heilongjiang University

The optical-model approach has been used to investigate the electron-impact ionization of metastable rare-gas atoms. A complex equivalent-local polarization potential is obtained to describe the ionization continuum channels. We have calculated the cross sections for collisional ionization of the metastable atoms Ne＊ and Ar＊ by electrons in the energy range from threshold to 200 eV. The present results are in agreement with the available experimental measurements and other theoretical calculations.

关键词： electron scattering metastable rare-gas atom ionization

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Revisiting Laser-Intensity-Dependent ionization and Fragmentation of C60

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Chinese Physics Letters 2021年第8期38卷 32-37页

作者：董达谱杨博涵钱东斌周文长张少锋马新文 Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

We revisit the laser-intensity-dependent ionization and fragmentation yields of C60 molecules irradiated by 25-fs,798-nm laser pulses based on the approach in which photoions are measured via a velocity map imaging spectrometer working in a time-sliced mode.This approach dramatically improves the signal-to-background ratio compared to those using a simple(traditional)time-of-flight mode(spectrometer),and thus allows us to measure the laser-intensity dependences down to a previously untouched region,which is expected to provide new insights into the intense-field ionization and fragmentation of C60.Indeed,we find that the saturation intensities for C60 ionizations and the onset intensity for C60 fragmentation are much lower than those reported in previous experiments.Furthermore,the derived saturation-intensity dependence on charge distribution demonstrates the validity of the over-the-barrier ionization using a conducting sphere model.

关键词： fragmentation saturation ionization

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Double differential cross sections for ionization of H by 75 keV proton impact:Assessing the role of correlated wave functions

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Chinese Physics B 2020年第12期29卷 72-81页

作者：范军刚苗向阳贾祥福 Key Laboratory of Spectral Measurement and Analysis of Shanxi Province Shanxi Normal UniversityLinfen 041004China College of Physics and Information Engineering Shanxi Normal UniversityLinfen 041004China College of Chemistry and Materials Science Shanxi Normal UniversityLinfen 041004China

The effect of final-state dynamic correlation is investigated for ionization of atomic hydrogen by 75-keV proton impact by analyzing double differential cross sections.The final state is represented by a continuum correlated wave(CCW-PT)function which accounts for the interaction between the projectile and the target nucleus(PT interaction).The correlated final state is nonseparable solutions of the wave equation combining the dynamics of the electron motion relative to the target and projectile,satisfying the Redmond’s asymptotic conditions corresponding to long range interactions.The transition matrix is evaluated using the CCW-PT function and the undistorted initial state.Both the correlation effects and the PT interaction are analyzed by the present calculations.The convergence of the continuous correlated final state is examined carefully.Our results are compared with the absolute experimental data measured by Laforge et al.[Phys.Rev.Lett.103,053201(2009)]and Schulz et al.[Phys.Rev.A 81,052705(2010)],as well as other theoretical models(especially the results of the latest non perturbation theory).We have shown that the dynamic correlation plays an important role in the ionization of atomic hydrogen by proton impact.While overall agreement between theory and the experimental data is encouraging,detailed agreement is still lacking.However,such an analysis is meaningful because it provides valuable information about the dynamical correlation and PT interaction in the CCW-PT theoretical model.

关键词： ionization three-body Coulomb problem correlated wave functions double differential cross section

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ionization Channels of the Molecular Ion H^(+)_(2) in Intense Laser Field

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Chinese Physics Letters 2013年第11期30卷 71-75页

作者：苗向阳施昊霆 College of Physics and Information Engineering Shanxi Normal UniversityLinfen 041004

ionization channels of the molecular ion H^(+)_(2) for various initial vibrational states in intense laser field(80 fs,800 nm,I=6.8×10^(13) W/cm^(2))are theoretically investigated by numerically solving the time-dependent Schrödinger equation.The results confirm that the channels largely depend on the selection of initial vibrational states by analyzing the variations of peak locations in the nuclear initial kinetic-energy-release spectra.Furthermore,the selection of the ionization channels is sensitive to the wavelength of the laser pulse.In addition,time-dependent competition between direct multi-photon ionization and charge-resonance-enhanced ionization are is discussed.

关键词： spectra ionization ionization

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Development of a portable cold air plasma jet device and observation of its photo ionization process

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Plasma Science and Technology 2020年第8期22卷 99-108页

作者：陈兆权吴金芳张煌张明张三阳冯德仁 Anhui Key Laboratory of Electrical Drive and Power Electronics Anhui University of TechnologyMaanshan 243032People's Republic of China

Photo ionization plays a critical role in the formation and propagation of atmospheric pressure plasma jet plumes.But in experiments,it is very difficult to observe the photo ionization due to its relative lower density of photo electrons.In the present study,we develop a portable cold air plasma jet device and observe the ionization wave in adc spark air plasma jet.The discharge images acquired by an ICCD camera show that the ionization wave front performs as a quickly moving bright ball.Breakdown could take place at another side of the quartz plate or pork tissue layer(6 mm thick),which suggests that the ionization should be attributed to photo ionization.The laser schlieren images indicate there is propagation of a shock wave along with the plasma bullet.Based on the photo ionization theory and the photo-electric measurement,the direct photo ionization and multistage photo ionization are the main factors in charge of generating the cold air plasma jet.In addition,the plasma jet outside of the cathode nozzle is colder than 320 K and can be touched safely by a human.In view of the plasma jet including a large amount of active particles,such as NO,O,OH,emitted photons,etc,the proposed portable cold air plasma jet device could be qualified for plasma bio-medicine applications.

关键词： photo ionization air plasma jet plasma bullet ionization wave

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Ionic Angular Distributions Induced by Strong-Field ionization of Tri-Atomic Molecules

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Chinese Physics Letters 2020年第4期37卷 31-35页

作者：孙添张世文王瑞冯爽刘洋吕航徐海峰 Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012

Angular distributions of fragment ions from ionization of several tri-atomic molecules(CO2, OCS, N2O and NO2) by strong 800-nm laser fields are investigated via a time-of-flight mass spectrometer. Anisotropic angular distributions of fragment ions, especially those of atomic ions, are observed for all of the molecules studied.These anisotropic angular distributions are mainly due to the geometric alignment of molecules in the strong field ionization. Distinct different patterns in ionic angular distributions for different molecules are observed. It is indicated that both molecular geometric structure and ionization channels have effects on the angular distributions of strong field ionization/fragmentation.

关键词： angular ionization geometric

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Unraveling enhanced membrane lipid biosynthesis in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii starchless mutant sta6 by using an electrospray ionization mass spectrometry-based lipidomics method

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2020年第3期38卷 783-794页

作者： ZANG Zhengrong LI Yanhua HU Qiang HAN Danxiang Center for Microalgal Biotechnology and Biofuels Institute of HydrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430072China Key Laboratory for Algal Biology Institute of HydrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430072China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology Institute of HydrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430072China Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266071China Beijing Key Laboratory of Algae Biomass Microalgae Biotechnology CenterSDIC Biotech Investment Co.Ltd.State Development&Investment Corp.Beijing 100142China

The unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii,a well-established model organism,has been widely used in dissecting glycerolipid metabolism in oxygenating photosynthetic organisms.In previous studies,it has been found that shunting carbon precursors from the starch synthesis pathway can lead to a 10-fold increase in TAG content as compared to the wild type,but it is unknown whether inactivation of AGPase may affect membrane lipids biosynthesis.The study aims to investigate global changes in lipid metabolism and homeostasis in the starchless mutant C.reinhardtii sta6.By utilizing an electrospray ionization/mass spectrometry(ESI/MS)-based lipidomics approach,a total of 105 membrane lipid molecules of C.reinhardtii were resolved,including 16 monogalactosyldiacylglycerol(MGDG),16 digalactosyldiacylglycerol(DGDG),11 phosphatidylglycerol(PG),6 sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol(SQDG),49 diacylglyceryl-N,N,N-trimethylhomoserine(DGTS),2 phosphatidylethanolamine(PE),and 5 phosphatidylinositol(PI)molecules.The quantitative results indicated that the membrane lipid profiles were similar between the two C.reinhardtii strains grown under both low-and high-light conditions,but the cellular contents of a great number of lipids were altered in sta6 due to the defect in starch biosynthesis.Under low-light conditions,sta6 accumulated more PI,MGDG,DGDG but less amounts of DGTS as compared to WT.Under high light,sta6 cells contained higher content membrane lipids than cc-124,except for PG,which is more or less similar in both strains.Our results demonstrate that the cellular membrane lipid homeostasis underwent profound changes in the starchless mutant,and thereby its physiological impact remains to be explored.

关键词： Chlamydomonas reinhardtii chloroplast lipidomes extraplastidic lipidomes electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

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Recent Advances in Atmospheric ionization Mass Spectrometry:Developments and Applications

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2020年第1期38卷 25-38页

作者： Yuling Li Yuqi Cao Yinlong Guo State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry National Center for Organic Mass Spectrometry in ShanghaiShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China

Over the past 15 years,ambient ionization mass spectrometry has rapidly developed,greatly expanding the applications of single-cell analysis,food and agricultural,envi-ronmental,chemical analysis,biomedical analysis,mass spectrometry imaging,among other areas.Real time mass spectrometry evaluations of living sample,such as in vivo direct analysis for single cell,clinical applications,metabolic monitoring of living species and transient intermediates in organic reactions,have demonstrated the power and potential significance of ambient ionization mass spectrometry.Here-in,we want to introduce a partial of our works atmospheric ionization mass spec-trometry,related to ambient ionization mass spectrometry.

关键词： ionization ambient analysis

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3D particle‐in‐cell simulation of positive streamer initiation in highly pressurized gaseous,liquid and supercritical CO_(2)with field ionization

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High Voltage 2021年第1期6卷 16-24页

作者： Muhammad Farasat Abbas Xu‐Chu Yuan Han‐Wei Li Jian‐Yi Xue An‐Bang Sun Guan‐Jun Zhang State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment School of Electrical EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina

A 3D particle‐in‐cell/Monte Carlo collision model is used to investigate the streamer discharge inception in CO_(2) at elevated pressures including gaseous, liquid and supercritical phases. Generation of free electrons is a prerequisite for initiation and development of positive streamers. Field ionization from impurity molecules of low density and low ionization energy is assumed as the source of primary ionization in the model. The field dependent generation rate of electrons is calculated by Zener's model. Tree‐like streamer with filamentary shape presents at the needle tip and propagates to-wards the plane electrode in all three phases of CO_(2), with differing in length and propagation speed. Furthermore, the influence of different parameters such as applied voltage, electrode tip size, and ionizable density and ionization potential of impurity molecules on the evolution of streamer discharge in supercritical CO_(2) are investigated. Simulation results obtained from the 3D model agree well with experimental observations in the literature, which show that field ionization might be one of possible ionization sources in pressurized CO_(2) in the presence of high electric field.

关键词： field. ionization gaseous

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