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Effects of ionic concentrations on Survival and Growth in Polyculture of Litopenaeus vannamei with Oreochromis niloticus in Low Salinity Water

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2011年第8期1卷 1217-1220页

作者： K. Limhang C. Limsuwan N. Chuchird W. Taparhudee Aquatic Animal Production Technology Program Faculty of Animal Sciences and Agricultural Technology Silpakorn University Phetehaburi IT campus Sampraya Cha-am Phetchaburi 76120 Thailand Aquaculture Business Research Center Faculty of Fisheries Kasetsart University Bangkok 10900 Thailand

A study comparative of rearing of the Pacific white shrimp （Litopenaeus vannamei） with the Nile tilapia （Oreochromis niloticus） in three earthen ponds （5,600 m^2） with the salinity ranged from 0.5-1.2 ppt and three treatment ponds with salinity of 2-4 ppt by adding brine water into the ponds. Postlarvae 12 （PL12） of L. vannamei were stocked at density of 9 PL/m^2 and after one week the Nile tilapia fingerlings were stocked at density of I fish/m^2. Only pelleted feed were given to the fish during the 196-day rearing period. Shrimps were partially harvested by sieve net at day 80 and 120, and five days later PLI2 were stocked at the rate of 3 PL/m^2. After final harvesting at day 196, the production, body weight and survival from the treatment group were significantly higher （P 〈 0.05） than those of the control group. While the fish production body weight and survival rate from both groups were not significant differences （P 〉 0.051）. The ionic concentration of six major ions （CI, SO42, Ca^2＋, Na^＋, Mg^2＋ and K^＋）, salinity and hardness in the treatment ponds were significantly higher than those of the control ponds （P 〈 0.05）. Moreover, the ionic profiles of the treatment ponds were similar to seawater at the salinity of 2 ppt while only 1 ppt in the control ponds. Results from the study indicated that in order to achieve good growth and survival rate of L. vannamei, brine water should be added into grow-out ponds prior to stocking and during the rearing： period to obtain and maintain the salinity not less than 2 ppt.

关键词： Litopenaeus vannamei Oreochromis niloticus polyculture ionic concentration low salinity water

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Impact of clay particle reattachment on suffusion of sand-clay mixtures

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2023年第10期15卷 2720-2730页

作者： Jongmuk Won Yongjoon Choe Yerim Yang Hangseok Choi Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of UlsanDaehak-ro 93Nam-guUlsan680-749South Korea School of Civil Environmental and Architectural EngineeringAnam-dong 5-gaKorea UniversitySeoul136-713South Korea

The detached clay particles directly filtrated through the sand-clay mixture lead to suffusion;however,if the detached clay particles are subjected to reattachment,the degree of suffusion may be less *** study investigates the impact of clay particle reattachment on suffusion of sand-clay mixtures through laboratory soil-column *** observed breakthrough curves(BTCs)of kaolinite,illite,and montmorillonite for 5 different column lengths(3 in,6 in,9 in,12 in,and 18 in;1 in=2.54 cm)indicated that a higher breakthrough concentration was observed as the column length(L)decreased for kaolinite and illite,whereas a reverse trend was observed for *** addition,the increase in the fraction of filtrated clay particles(Me)with an increase in L(Me=10.42%for L=3 in and Me=3.59%for L=18 in)for the sand-illite mixture indicated that the reattachment effect became more significant as the travel length of detached clay particles *** observed BTCs,retention profiles after injection,and fraction of filtrated clay presented herein suggest the need to incorporate the reattachment effect when assessing the suffusion of clay-containing soils.

关键词： Suffusion Reattachment Sandeclay mixture ionic concentration Column length

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Antibacterial Activity of Silicate Bioceramics

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2011年第2期26卷 227-231页

作者：扈盛常江 Department of Physical Education Huazhong Normal University Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Research Center Shanghai Institute of Ceramics

Four kinds of pure silicate ceramic particles,CaSiO3,Ca3SiO5,bredigite and akermanite were prepared and their bactericidal effects were systematically *** phase compositions of these silicate ceramics were characterized by *** ionic concentration measurement revealed that the Calcium （Ca） ion concentration were relatively higher in Ca3SiO5 and bredigite,and much lower in CaSiO3 and ***,the pH values of the four silicate ceramics extracts showed a positive correlation with the particle ***,by decreasing the particle size,higher Ca ion concentrations can be achieved,leading to the increase of aqueous pH value as *** summary,all of the four silicate ceramics tested in our study showed antibacterial effect in a dose-dependent ***,the order of their antibacterial activity against *** from strong to weak is Ca3SiO5,bredigite,CaSiO3 and akermanite.

关键词： silicate ceramics antibacterial activity specific surface area aqueous pH ionic concentration

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Hydrochemical Characteristics and Solute Dynamics of Meltwater Runoff of Urumqi Glacier No.1,Eastern Tianshan,Northwest China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2012年第4期9卷 472-482页

作者： FENG Fang LI Zhongqin JIN Shuang DONG Zhiwen WANG Feiteng State Key Laboratory ofCryosphere Sciences/Tianshan Glaciological Station Cold andArid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000GansuChina. College of Geography and Environmental Science Northwest Normal UniversityLanzhou 730070GansuChina

Hydrochemical characteristics and solute dynamics of bulk meltwater draining from Urumqi Glacier No.1 were investigated in years 2006 and 2007. The glacial meltwater was slightly alkaline with the mean pH of 7.64 and 7.61 in 2006 and 2007, respectively. In the meltwater, the dominant anions were the bicarbonate and sulphate, and the dominant cation was calcium. The concentration of major cations were varied as c（Ca2＋）〉 c（Mg2＋）〉 c（K＋）〉 c（Na＋）, while the order for the cations was c（HCO3-）〉 c（SO42-）〉 c（NQ-）〉 c（C1-）. The total dissolved solids （TDS） in meltwater had inverse relationships with the diurnal discharge. The major ion composition of meltwater was mainly controlled by rock weathering as inferred from the Gibbs model. Furthermore, the ion ratios and Piper diagram indicated that the main processes controlling the meltwater chemistry were carbonate weathering, pyrite weathering and feldspar weathering in rocks, and Ca2＋ and HCQ- were the dominant ions during the carbonate weathering process. Solute flux calculation at Glacier No.1 station suggested that chemical denudation rates were 11.46 and 13.90 ***-1 in 2006 and 2007, respectively.

关键词： ionic concentration EC and TDS Rockweathering Solute fluxes Urumqi Glacier No.1

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Average cluster sizes and cluster size distributions of superfine nickel particles in light media

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Journal of Central South University 2009年第3期16卷 399-404页

作者：李敬生杜飞虎王娟 School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu University

Effects of shear rates on average cluster sizes (ACSs) and cluster size distributions (CSDs) in uni- and bi-systems of partly charged superfine nickel particles were investigated by Brownian dynamics, and clustering properties in these systems were compared with those in non-polar systems. The results show that the ACSs in bi-polar systems are larger than those in the non-polar systems. In uni-polar systems the behavior of clustering property differs: at the lower ionic concentration (10%), repulsive force is not strong enough to break clusters, but may greatly weaken them. The clusters are eventually cracked into smaller ones only when concentration of uni-polar charged particles is large enough. In this work, the ionic concentration is 20%. The relationship between ACS and shear rates follows power law in a exponent range of 0.176-0.276. This range is in a good agreement with the range of experimental data, but it is biased towards the lower limit slightly.

关键词： ionic concentration average cluster sizes cluster size distribution power law

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Helical Configurations of Elastic Rods in the Presence of Interfacial Traction

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Transactions of Tianjin University 2015年第3期21卷 223-227页

作者：王永昭张琪昌王炜韩建鑫 Tianjin Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Dynamics and Chaos Control Tianjin University School of Mechanical Engineering Tianjin University

The Kirchhoff thin elastic rod models are always the important basis to explore the configuration mecha- nism of the flexible structures in both the macroscopic and microscopic scale. As a continuum model of DNA, a thin elastic rod subjected to interfacial interactions is used to investigate the helical equilibrium configuration of DNA in salt solution. In this paper, the Kirchhoff＇s equations in the presence of interracial traction and the free energy density functions of different configurations are studied. The transition formula of the free energy between B-DNA and Z- DNA is obtained, and the results show that the free energy of the transition is mainly determined by the salt concentra- tion, which agrees well with the experimental data.

关键词： interfacial energy static Kirchhoff's equations helical configuration ionic concentration B-DNA to Z-DNA transition

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