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Nitrogen supply affects ion homeostasis by modifying root Casparian strip formation through the miR528-LAC3 module in maize

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Plant Communications 2023年第4期4卷 88-98页

作者： Yu Guo Yafei Wang Huan Chen Qingguo Du Zhonghua Wang Xiaoping Gong Qing Sun Wen-Xue Li National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding Institute of Crop ScienceChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Qingdao Agricultural University Qingdao 266109China

Although nitrogen(N)is known to affect mineral element homeostasis in plants,the molecular mechanisms of interactions between N and other nutrients remain largely *** here that N supply affects ion homeostasis *** hemisulfate staining and a propidiumiodide penetration assay showed that N luxury significantly delayed Casparian strip(CS)formation in maize *** further demonstrated that N-mediated CS formation in maize was independent of RBOHF-activated H2O2 production.N luxury induced the expression of ZmmiR528 inwhole roots and root *** and loss-of-function ofZmmiR528 promoted CS formation under both N-luxury and N-deficient *** ZmMIR528a and ZmMIR528b contribute to early CS formation under different N ***-seq and real-time RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that ZmLAC3,but not ZmLAC5,responded to N *** with results obtained with ZmmiR528 TM transgenic maize and mir528a/b loss-of-function mutants,transgenic maize overexpressing ZmLAC3 displayed early CS formation under different N *** field conditions,K,Ca,Mn,Cu,Mg,and Zn concentrations were greater in the ear leaf of ZmLAC3-overexpressing transgenicmaize than in the wild *** results indicate that ZmmiR528 affects CS formation in maize by regulating the expression of ZmLAC3,and modification of CS formation has the potential to improve maize quality.

关键词： nitrogen ion homeostasis miR528 Casparian strip maize

ion transporters: emerging agents for anticancer therapy

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Science China Chemistry 2022年第7期65卷 1265-1278页

作者： Tengfei Yan Xin Zheng Shengda Liu Yingping Zou Junqiu Liu State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083China College of Material Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringKey Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material TechnologyMinistry of EducationKey Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhou 311121China

Natural ion channels are pore-forming proteins that allow ions to pass through biomembranes, playing pivotal roles in almost all facets of cellular physiological functions. Biomimetic ion transporters were initially investigated for the purpose of treating lifethreatening channelopathies. Recent studies have indicated that membrane-active synthetic ionophores possess desirable anticancer bioactivity against diverse cancer cell lines by disturbing intracellular ion homeostasis, triggering oxidative stress, and inducing apoptosis in tumors. Recent progress on ionophore-related antitumor therapeutics is comprehensively summarized in this review, including the molecular design principles, functional mechanisms, and characterization methods. Finally, we conclude this review by discussing the future opportunities and challenges in this field. It is anticipated that this review will provide an existing panoramic sketch and future directions toward the construction of novel ion transporters with simplified preparation procedures, enhanced biocompatibility, and desirable anti-proliferative activities, which may further accelerate their therapeutic applications in clinical treatments.

关键词： ion transporter ion homeostasis apoptosis anticancer treatment

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Salt Tolerance in Soybean

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2008年第10期50卷 1196-1212页

作者： Tsui-Hung Phang Hon-Ming Lam Department of Biology The Chinese University of Hong KongShatinHong Kong China State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology The Chinese University of Hong KongShatinHong Kong China

Soybean is an important cash crop and its productivity is significantly hampered by salt stress. High salt imposes negative impacts on growth, nodulation, agronomy traits, seed quality and quantity, and thus reduces the yield of soybean. To cope with salt stress, soybean has developed several tolerance mechanisms, including：（i） maintenance of ion homeostasis; （ii） adjustment in response to osmotic stress; （iii） restoration of osmotic balance; and （iv） other metabolic and structural adaptations. The regulatory network for abiotic stress responses in higher plants has been studied extensively in model plants such as Arabidopsis thaliana. Some homologous components involved in salt stress responses have been identified in soybean. In this review, we tried to integrate the relevant works on soybean and proposes a working model to describe its salt stress responses at the molecular level.

关键词： abiotic stress Glycine max ion homeostasis osmotic adjustment reactive oxygen species scavenging salt tolerance soybean.

Seed Treatment with Auxins Modulates Growth and ion Partitioning in Salt-stressed Wheat Plants

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2007年第7期49卷 1003-1015页

作者： Muhammad lqbal Muhammad Ashraf Department of Botany University of Agriculture Faisalabad 38040 Pakistan

Experiments were performed to determine whether seed priming with different concentrations （100, 150, and 200 mg/L） of auxins （indoleacetic acid （IAA）, indolebutyric acid （IBA）, or their precursor tryptophane （Trp）） could alter salinity induced perturbances in salicylic acid and ion concentrations and, hence, growth in wheat （Triticum aestivum L.） cultivars, namely M.H.-97 （salt intolerant） and tnqtab-91 （salt tolerant）. Primed and non-primed seeds were sown in Petri dishes in a growth room, as well as in a field treated with 15 dS/m NaCl salinity. All priming agents, except IBA, increased the final germination percentage in both cultivars. The seedlings of either cultivar raised from Trp-treated seeds had greater dry biomass when under salt stress. In field experiments, Trp priming was much more effective in mediating the increase in grain yield, irrespective of the cultivar, under salt stress. The alleviatory effect of Trp was found to be associated with reduced uptake of Na^＋ in the roots and subsequent translocation to the shoots, as well as increased partitioning of Ca^＋ in the roots of salt-stressed wheat plants. Plants of both cultivars raised from Trp-and IAA-treated seeds accumulated free salicylic acid in their leaves when under salt stress. Overall, the Trp priming-induced improvement in germination and the subsequent growth of wheat plants could be related to ion homeostasis when under salt stress. The possible involvement of salicylic acid in the Trp priming-induced better growth under Conditions of salt stress is discussed.

关键词： auxins growth ion homeostasis salicylic acid seed priming tryptophane wheat.

Breaking Barriers:Selenium and Silicon-Mediated Strategies for Mitigating Abiotic Stress in Plants

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2023年第9期92卷 2713-2736页

作者： Mojtaba Kordrostami Ali Akbar Ghasemi-Soloklui Mohammad Anwar Hossain Mohammad Golam Mostofa Department of Plant Breeding Nuclear Agriculture Research SchoolNuclear Science and Technology Research Institute(NSTRI)Atomic Energy Organization of Iran(AEOI)KarajIran Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding Bangladesh Agricultural UniversityMymensingh2202Bangladesh Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory Michigan State UniversityEast Lansing48824USA Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Michigan State UniversityEast Lansing48824USA

Numerous plant species,particularly those that can accumulate selenium(Se)and silicon(Si),benefit from these essential *** and Si accumulation in plants profoundly affects several biochemical reactions in *** how plants react to Se/Si enrichment is crucial for ensuring adequate dietary Se/Si intake for humans and animals and increasing plant tolerance to environmental *** studies have shown that Se/Si-enriched plants are more resistant to salinity,drought,extreme temperatures,UV radiation,and excess *** interplay between Se/Si in plants is crucial for maintaining growth and development under normal conditions while providing a critical defense mechanism against stressors like heavy metals and *** and Si commonly stimulate antioxidant defense systems in plants exposed to environmental stressors,but the involved mechanisms are complex and not well *** ensure the positive effects of Se/Si fortification in plants,it is essential to consider the degree of accumulation,the chemical form of Se/Si used,the method of application,and the likelihood of interaction with other *** this review,we will discuss the effects of Se/Si bio-fortification on plants subjected to abiotic *** responses to exogenous Se/Si will also be reviewed,emphasizing the influences of Se/Si in the modulation of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defense mechanisms under various abiotic stress conditions.

关键词： Antioxidants ion homeostasis oxidative stress plant nutrients ROS selenium and silicon

The Salt Overly Sensitive （SOS） Pathway： Established and Emerging Roles

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Molecular Plant 2013年第2期6卷 275-286页

作者： Hongtao Ji José M. Pardo Giorgia Batelli Michael J. Van Oosten Ray A. Bressan Xia Li The State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering Center of Agricultural Resources Research Institute of Genetics andDevelopmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shijiazhuang Hebei 050021 PR China Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiologia Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas Sevilla-41012 Spain CNR Institute of Plant Genetics (CNR-IGV) Via Universita' i33 80055 Portici Italy Department of Agricultural Engineering and Agronomy University of Naples Federico II Via Universit~ 100 80055 Portici Italy Center for Plant Environmental Stress Physiology Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907-2010 USA Department Biological Sciences King Abdulaziz University Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Soil salinity is a growing problem around the world with special relevance in farmlands. The ability to sense and respond to environmental stimuli is among the most fundamental processes that enable plants to survive. At the cellular level, the Salt Overly Sensitive （SOS） signaling pathway that comprises SOS3, SOS2, and SOS1 has been proposed to mediate cellular signaling under salt stress, to maintain ion homeostasis. Less well known is how cellularly heterog- enous organs couple the salt signals to homeostasis maintenance of different types of cells and to appropriate growth of the entire organ and plant. Recent evidence strongly indicates that different regulatory mechanisms are adopted by roots and shoots in response to salt stress. Several reports have stated that, in roots, the SOS proteins may have novel roles in addition to their functions in sodium homeostasis. SOS3 plays a critical role in plastic development of lateral roots through modulation of auxin gradients and maxima in roots under mild salt conditions. The SOS proteins also play a role in the dynamics of cytoskeleton under stress. These results imply a high complexity of the regulatory networks involved in plant response to salinity. This review focuses on the emerging complexity of the SOS signaling and SOS protein functions, and highlights recent understanding on how the SOS proteins contribute to different responses to salt stress besides ion homeostasis.

关键词： auxin ion homeostasis root system architecture salt stress the SOS signaling pathway.

Salt Tolerance Mechanisms and Approaches:Future Scope of Halotolerant Genes and Rice Landraces

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Rice science 2020年第5期27卷 368-383页

作者： Tarun Bhatt Aditi Sharma Sanjeev Puri Anu Priya Minhas Department of Biotechnology University Institute of Engineering and TechnologySector-25Panjab UniversityChandigarh 160014India

All rice plant developmental stages are severely affected by soil salinity. Salinity-induced ionic and osmotic stresses affect stomata closure and gaseous exchange, and reduce transpiration and the rate of carbon assimilation, and hence decrease plant yield. Understanding the response of rice plants toward salinity stress at the genetic level and developing salt-tolerant varieties are the vital mandates for its effective management. This review described the present status of salt-tolerance achieved in rice by various mechanisms including the ion homeostasis(Na^+/H^+, OsNHX antiporters), compatible organic solutes(glycine betaine and proline), antioxidative genes(OsECS, OsVTE1, OsAPX and OsMSRA4.1), salt responsive regulatory elements(transcription factors, cis-acting elements and miRNAs) and genes ecoding protein kinases(MAPKs, SAPKs and STRKs). Further, the future perspective of developing salt-tolerant varieties lies in exploring halotolerant gene homologs from rice varieties, especially the landraces. Genetic diversity among rice landraces can serve as a valuable resource for future studies toward variety improvement through breeding and genome editing. Further, identification, multiplication, preservation and utilization of biodiversity among landraces are the urgent buffers to be saved as a heritage for future generations to come.

关键词： rice soil salinity ion homeostasis halotolerant landrace

Changes in Growth,Photosynthetic Pigments,Cell Viability,Lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidant Defense System in Two Varieties of Chickpea(Cicer arietinum L.)Subjected to Salinity Stress

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第1期91卷 149-168页

作者： Zeenat Mushtaq Shahla Faizan Basit Gulzar Humira Mushtaq Sayyada Bushra Alisha Hussain Khalid Rehman Hakeem Environmental Physiology Laboratory Department of BotanyAligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh202002India Cellular Differentiation and Molecular Genetics Section Department of BotanyJamia HamdardNew Delhi110062India Research and Training Centre for Pollinators Pollinizers and Pollination Management SectionDivision of EntomologySKUAST KashmirSrinagar190025India Department of Biological Sciences Faculty of ScienceKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia

Salinity is one of the most severe abiotic stresses for crop *** present study investigates the salinityinduced modulation in growth indicators,morphology and movement of stomata,photosynthetic pigments,activity of carbonic anhydrase as well as nitrate reductase,and antioxidant systems in two varieties of chickpea(Pusa-BG5023,and Pusa-BGD72).On 20^(th) day of sowing,plants were treated with varying levels of NaCl(0,50,100,150 and 200 mM)followed by sampling on 45 days of *** observations on both the varieties reveal that salt stress leads to a significant decline in growth,dry biomass,leaf area,photosynthetic pigments,protein content,stomatal behavior,cell viability,activity of nitrate reductase and carbonic anhydrase with the rise in the concentration of ***,quantitatively these changes were less in Pusa-BG5023 as compared to ***,salinity-induced oxidative stress enhanced malondialdehyde content,superoxide radicals,foliar proline content,and the enzymatic activities of superoxide dismutase,catalase,and *** variety Pusa-BGD72 was found more sensitive than Pusa-BG5023 to salt *** of different graded concentrations(50,100,150 and 200 mM)of sodium chloride,50 mM was least toxic,and 200 mM was most *** differential behavior of these two varieties measured in terms of stomatal behavior,cell viability,photosynthetic pigments,and antioxidant defense system can be used as prospective indicators for selection of chickpea plants for salt tolerance and sensitivity.

关键词： Salt stress ion homeostasis antioxidant defense cell viability chickpea

Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Salt-Stress-Responsive Genes in Rice Roots

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2023年第1期92卷 237-250页

作者： Rui Song Yan Huang Xin Ji Yunfei Wei Qiuyuan Liu Shumei Li Juan Liu Pengfei Dong College of Agronomy Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou450046China Henan Production Technology Promotion Center of Chinese Herbal Medicine Zhenzhou450000China Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University Xinyang464000China

Soil salinity greatly impairs plant growth and crop ***(Oryza sativa L.)is a salt-sensitive *** better understand the molecular mechanisms of salt tolerance in roots,the BGISEQ-500 sequencing platform was employed to elucidate transcriptome changes in rice roots after 0,3,24,and 72 h of salt *** results showed that root K+content decreased and Na+content increased rapidly after the initial stage of salt stress,but that fresh and dry weight in root did not significantly *** to the control(no salt stress),1,292,453,and 486 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were upregulated,respectively,and 939,894,and 646 DEGs were downregulated,respectively,after 3,24,and 72 h of salt *** number of DEGs was higher during the early stage of salt stress(3 h)than in later stages(24 and 72 h).A number of DEGs involved in the response and adaptation to salt stress were related to protein kinase and calcium-binding,plant hormone signaling and metabolism,transcriptional regulation,metabolic pathways,antioxidant activity,and ion *** of these DEGs were activated during the early stage of salt stress(3 h).The present study reports candidate salt-stressresponsive genes with the potential to genetically improve salt tolerance in rice elsewhere.

关键词： Rice RNA-seq salt-responsive genes ion homeostasis