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Current Medical Science 2019年第5期39卷 825-830页

作者： Wang YUAN Ting-ting QU Hui-juan WANG Mei-yu WANG Yuan QU Gang NIU Jian YANG Department of Diagnostic Radiology the First Hospital of Medical Science CentreXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710061China Department of Dermatology the Ninth Hospital of Xi'anXi'an 710054China

To explore the feasibility and superiority of iodine delivery rate(IDR)and tube voltage determined by patients'body mass index(BMI)in coronary CT angiography(CCTA),a total of 1567 patients undertaking CCTA during Feb.and Dec.2016 were enrolled and divided into two groups.In the control group,the IDR and tube voltage were fixed,while in the experimental group,the IDR and tube voltage were determined by patients,BMI.The volume of iodinated contrast media(ICM),extravasation rate,extravasation volume,extravasation recovery interval,incidence rate of adverse reactions,effective dose(ED)and image quality of the two groups were compared.The experiments demonstrated that the ICM volume,extravasation rate,extravasation volume,extravasation recovery interval,incidence of adverse reactions and ED were lower or shorter in the experimental group than in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).However,there were no significant differences in the mean CT value,image noise,signal to noise ratio and contrast to noise ratio between the two groups(all P<0.05),which were consistent with the diagnosticians*subjective evaluation outcomes.Our findings suggested that in CCTA,it is feasible to determine the IDR and tube voltage based on patients'BMI;low tube voltage and IDR are superior to the fixed tube voltage and IDR and are worthy of clinical promotion.

关键词： iodinated contrast media iodine delivery rate tube voltage ICM extravasation adverse reactions

In-chain functionalization through the combination of ring opening copolymerization and oxime "Click" reaction towards X-ray opaque polylactide copolymers

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2020年第2期31卷 551-553页

作者： Wenhuan Wang Lin Sang Weizong Kong Yiping Zhao Zhiyong Wei Yang Li State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Liaoning Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and EngineeringDepartment of Polymer Science and EngineeringSchool of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China School of Automotive Engineering Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China Department of Gastroenterology Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian UniversityDalian 116001China Department of Radiology Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalian 116027China

X-ray imaging functionalization of biodegradable polyesters is a great demand and challenge in biomedical applications.In this work,a strategy of in-chain functionalization through the combination of ring opening copolymerization and oxime "Click" postfunctionalization was developed towards X-ray opaque polylactide copolymers.A functionalized cyclic carbonate was first synthesized and used as comonomer of polylactide copolymers,which were subjected to postfunctionalization of oxime "Click" reaction towards iodinated polylactide copolymers.The chemical structure and physical properties of the target products were traced and confirmed.In vitro cytotoxicity evaluation with 3T3-Swiss albino by Alamar blue demonstrated a low cytotoxicity.The X-ray radiopacity was analyzed by Micro-CT and quantified by Hounsfield Units value,which could be tailorable by the feedstock.It is a promising X-ray visible implantable biomaterial in biomedical applications.

关键词： Polylactide X-ray radiopacity iodinated polymer Oxime"Click"reaction In-chain functionalization

Molecular interactions between anticancer drugs and iodinated contrast media: An in vitro spectroscopic study

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2012年第1期5卷 24-33页

作者： Ryoichi Ishii Hiromu Mori Kenji Matsumura Norio Hongo Hiro Kiyosue Shunro Matsumoto Takeshi Yoshimi Seiji Ujiie 不详

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to assess molecular interactions between several anticancer drugs and an iodinated contrast medium by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis). Materials and Methods: Iopamidol (IPM) was used as an iodinated contrast medium, and mitomycin C (MTI), epirubicin hydrochloride (EPI), cisplatin (CDDP), 5-fluorouracil (5FU), irinotecan hydrochloride (CPT11), gemcitabine hydrochloride (dFdC), carboplatin (CBDCA), oxaliplatin (1OHP), paclitaxel hydrochloride (TAX) and docetaxel trihydrate (TXT) were used as anticancer drugs. For FT-IR, the purified IPM was mixed stoichiometrically with each anticancer drug as well as with a combination of MTI and EPI. After measuring each separated sample and the mixtures, the spectra of the mixtures were compared with the spectra of the sum of pure samples or the combination. For UV-Vis, IPM and anticancer drugs were dissolved in pure water;subsequently for the titration experiments, the mixtures were prepared by varying the molar ratio. IR absorption corresponds to stretching vibrations between atoms having covalent bonding, whereas UV-Vis spectra depend on molecular dynamics and shapes. Both UV-Vis and IR spectra change when there are molecular interactions such as aromatic ring stacking and hydrogen bonding. Result: IPM exhibited molecular interactions with MTI, EPI, CDDP, dFdC, CBDCA, 1OHP, TAX and TXT, as well as with the combination of MTI and EPI on FT-IR. However, molecular interactions were not observed on UV-Vis. Conclusion: Several anticancer drugs have molecular interactions with IPM, which could be clinically utilized for superselective intraarterial infusion chemotherapy.

关键词： Blast Molecular Interactions Anticancer Drugs iodinated Contrast Medium Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Spectroscopy Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) Spectroscopy

Use of carbon dioxide as an intravascular contrast agent:A review of current literature

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World Journal of Cardiology 2017年第9期9卷 715-722页

作者： Fahad Ali Muhammad Asif Mangi Hiba Rehman Edo Kaluski Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine and Lehigh Valley Hospital Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Mayo Clinic Division of Cardiology Department of MedicineGuthrie Robert Packer Hospital and Guthrie Health Services

Use of X-ray contrast allows us to differentiate between two or more adjacent structures on radiographic studies. The X-ray contrast agent can be the one with increase X-ray absorption, like iodine and a barium X-ray contrast agent or the one with decrease X-ray absorption like air and carbon dioxide contrast agent. Each contrast agent possesses different risks and benefits in various ways. Carbon dioxide as an intravascular contrast agent can be used as an alternative intravascular contrast agent and has superior results in some cases. In patients with renal dysfunction or iodinated contrast allergy, the use of iodinated Contrast Agent poses the risk of considerable morbidity. Similarly, use of Gadolinium is discouraged in subject with severe renal dysfunction. Use of carbon dioxide(CO_2) as an intravascular contrast, offers an alternative in such patients for certain procedures, as it is not nephrotoxic and it does not incite allergic reactions. It is inexpensive, readily available and due to its unique physical properties, it can be used to image a wide variety of vascular beds and chambers. The aim of this paper is to systemically review the current literature to describe the indications, contraindications, adverse effects, instruments, precautions, latest methodologies and data supporting for the use of CO_2 as a contrast agent.

关键词： iodinated 二氧化碳形成对照脉管金轧

Effects of iodinated contrast on various magnetic resonance imaging sequences and field strength: Implications for characterization of hemorrhagic transformation in acute stroke therapy

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World Journal of Radiology 2016年第6期8卷 588-593页

作者： Humberto Morales Lisa Lemen Ranasinghage Samaratunga Peter Nguyen Thomas Tomsick Department of Radiology University of Cincinnati Medical Center

AIM: To characterize the effects of iodinated contrast material(ICM) on magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) comparing different sequences and magnetic fields, with emphasis to similarities/differences with well-known signal characteristics of hemorrhage in the brain. METHODS: Aliquots of iopamidol and iodixanol mixed with normal saline were scanned at 1.5T and 3T. Signal intensity(SI) was measured using similar spin-echo(SE)-T1, SE-T2, gradient-echo(GRE) and fluid-attenuationinversion-recovery(FLAIR) sequences at both magnets. Contrast to noise ratio(CNR)(SI contrast-SI saline/SD noise) for each aliquot were calculated and Kruskall-wallis test and graphic analysis was used to compare different pulse sequences and ICMs. RESULTS: Both ICM showed increased SI on SE-T1 and decreased SI on SE-T2, GRE and FLAIR at both 1.5T and 3T, as the concentration was increased. By CNR measurements, SE-T2 had the greatest conspicuity at 3T with undiluted iopamidol(92.6 ± 0.3, P < 0.00) followed by iodixanol(77.5 ± 0.9, P < 0.00) as compared with other sequences(CNR range: 15-40). While SE-T2 had greatest conspicuity at 1.5T with iopamidol(49.3 ± 1, P < 0.01), SE-T1 showed similar or slightly better conspicuity(20.8 ± 4) than SE-T2 with iodixanol(23 ± 1.7). In all cases, hypo-intensity on GRE was less conspicuous than on SE-T2.CONCLUSION: Iodixanol and iopamidol shorten T1 and T2 relaxation times at both 1.5T and 3T. Hypo-intensity due to shortened T2 relaxation time is significantly more conspicuous than signal changes on T1-WI, FLAIR or GRE. Variations in signal conspicuity according to pulse sequence and to type of ICM are exaggerated at 3T. We postulate T2 hypointensity with less GRE conspicuity differentiates ICM from hemorrhage; given the wellknown GRE hypointensity of hemorrhage. Described signal changes may be relevant in the setting of recent intra-arterial or intravenous ICM administration in translational research and/or human stroke therapy.

关键词： iodinated contrast Magnetic resonance imaging Gradient-echo Hemorrhage Stroke

Shellfish allergy and relation to iodinated contrast media: United Kingdom survey

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World Journal of Cardiology 2014年第3期6卷 107-111页

作者： Mudassar Baig Ahmad Farag Jamal Sajid Rahul Potluri R Bruce Irwin Hafiz Mohammed Idrees Khalid Lancashire Cardiac Centre Blackpool Victoria HospitalBlackpoolLancashire FY3 8NRUnited Kingdom Cardiology Department Fairfield Hospital BuryPennine Acute TrustLancashire BL9 7TDUnited Kingdom ACALM Study Unit in partnership with School of Medical Sciences Aston UniversityBirmingham B4 7ETUnited Kingdom

AIM: To assess current practice of United Kingdom cardiologists with respect to patients with reported shellfish/iodine allergy, and in particular the use of iodinated contrast for elective coronary angiography.Moreover we have reviewed the current evidence-base and guidelines available in this area.METHODS: A questionnaire survey was send to 500senior United Kingdom cardiologists(almost 50% cardiologists registered with British Cardiovascular Society)using email and first 100 responses used to analyze practise. We involved cardiologists performing coronary angiograms routinely both at secondary and tertiary centres. Three specific questions relating to allergy were asked:(1) History of shellfish/iodine allergy in pre-angiography assessment;(2) Treatments offeredfor shellfish/iodine allergy individuals; and(3) Any specific treatment protocol for shellfish/iodine allergy cases. We aimed to establish routine practice in United Kingdom for patients undergoing elective coronary angiography. We also performed comprehensive PubMed search for the available evidence of relationship between shellfish/iodine allergy and contrast media.RESULTS: A total of 100 responses were received, representing 20% of all United Kingdom cardiologists. Ninety-three replies were received from consultant cardiologists, 4 from non-consultant grades and 3 from cardiology specialist nurses. Amongst the respondents, 66% routinely asked about a previous history of shellfish/iodine allergy. Fifty-six percent would pre-treat these patients with steroids and anti-histamines. The other 44% do nothing, or do nonspecific testing based on their personal experience as following:(1) Skin test with 1 mL of subcutaneous contrast before intravenous contrast;(2) Test dose 2 mL contrast before coronary injection;(3) Close observation for shellfish allergy patients; and(4) Minimal evidence that the steroid and anti-histamine regime is effective but it makes us feel better.CONCLUSION: There is no evidence that allergy to shellfish alters the risk of reaction to

关键词： Shellfish allergy Contrast allergy iodinated contrast allergy Low osmolarity contrast media High osmolarity contrast media Pre-angiography assessment

Contrast induced neurotoxicity following coronary angiogram with Iohexol in an end stage renal disease patient

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2015年第11期3卷 942-945页

作者： Narasimha Swamy Gollol Raju Deepak Joshi Ramesh Daggubati Assad Movahed Department of Internal Medicine East Carolina University-Brody School of Medicine Department of Cardiovascular Sciences East Carolina University-Brody School of Medicine

Neurotoxicity is an infrequent adverse reaction to iodinated contrast agents. Contrast induced neurotoxicity following coronary angiogram is very rare. Renal disease is a risk factor for contrast induced neurotoxicity. We report a case of contrast induced neurotoxicity following coronary angiogram and intervention using Iohexol(Omnipaque 350) in an end stage renal disease patient on peritoneal dialysis who had prior exposure to iodinated contrast without any adverse reaction. Hemodialysis had to be initiated for rapid removal of the contrast agent with subsequent complete resolution of neurological deficits. This case highlights the need for interventionalists to be aware of an important adverse reaction to iodinated contrast agents, especially in individuals with renal dysfunction, and that neurotoxicity is a possibility even with prior uneventful exposures. The role and timing of hemodialysis in contrast induced neurotoxicity in patients with chronic kidney disease and in those without chronic kidney disease needs further deliberation.

关键词： Coronary angiogram End stage renal disease Hemodialysis iodinated contrast agent Neurotoxicity