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Centaurea invasions:Allelopathy,soil microbes,and evolution

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Centaurea invasions:Allelopathy,soil microbes,and evolution

Major invasions of Britain and Their Influence on English Language

北京生物入侵国际研讨会

作者： Callaway,Ragan M. Division of Biological Science University of MontanaMissoulaMT 59812USA

＜正＞Invasive plants are generally thought to succeed because they have escaped the consumers that control *** contrast,research in my lab suggests that herbivory on the invasive exotic plant Centaurea maculosa increases its competitive ability against native species through higher rates of allelopathic root *** root exudates,and those of Centaurea diffusa,have stronger

关键词： biogeography Centaurea exotic knapweed invasions microbes plant communities rhizosphere

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海外英语 2011年第8X期 368-370,372页

作者：林岚深圳广播电视大学广东深圳518001

British history has been a history of invasion. The birth of English language is a result of invasions of the British Isles over many hundreds of years. Throughout British history there were four major invasions, namely, the Roman Occupation, the Anglo-Saxon Invasion, the Viking Raids and the Norman Conquest, which had significant influence on English language.

关键词： invasions of Britain Influence English Language

Assessment of predatory ability of native and non-native freshwater gammaridean species： A rapid test with water fleas as prey

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Current Zoology 2011年第6期57卷 836-843页

作者： B.E.M.W. STOFFELS J.S. TUMMERS G. VAN DER VELDE D. PLATVOET H.W.M. HENDRIKS R.S.E.W. LEUVEN Radboud University Nijmegen Institute for Water and Wetland Research Department of Animal Ecology and Ecophysiology Heyendaalseweg 135 NL-6525 AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands Netherlands Centre for Biodiversity Naturalis P.O. Box 9517 NL-2300 RA Leiden The Netherlands Netherlands Centre for Biodiversity Naturalis Mauritskade 57 NL-1092 AD Amsterdam The Netherlands Radboud University Nijmegen Faculty of Science Department of Mathematics Heyendaalseweg 135 NL-6525 AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands Radboud University Nijmegen Institute for Water and Wetland Research Department of Environmental Science Heyendaal seweg 135 NL-6525 AJ Nijrnegen The Netherlands

Predation rate with relation to species, sex and water temperature was tested among four different gammaridean spe- cies： Dikerogammarus villosus, Gammarus roeselii, Gammarus pulex and Gammarus fossarum. Tests were performed in micro- cosms in climate-controlled rooms at five different temperatures. Daphnia magna, a common water flea, served as prey. On ave- rage D. villosus showed the highest consumption rate of Daphnia magna over the entire temperature range, followed in decreas- ing order by G pulex, G roeselii and G fossarum. The predation rate of all species showed a distinct peak at 20~C. Correction of predation rates for body size gave somewhat different results. D. villosus is then still the most predatory of all gammaridean spe- cies tested followed by G. pulex, G. fossarum and G roeselii. The outcome of the Daphnia tests is consistent with results of other studies with different prey. This supports that the Daphnia test is a good and quick indicator of the predatory abilities in gam- maridean species at varying temperatures, and allows the prediction of how changing temperature regimes influence invasion impacts

关键词： Daphnia Temperature Predation rate Amphipods invasions

Responses to threat in a freshwater invader： longitudinal data reveal personality, habituation, and robustness to changing water temperatures in the ＂killer shrimp＂ Dikerogammarus villosus （Crustacea： Amphipoda）

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Current Zoology 2016年第1期62卷 45-51页

作者： Mark BRIFFA Natalie JONES Calum MACNEIL Marine Biology and Ecology Research Centre School of Marine Science & Engineering Plymouth University Plymouth PL4 8AA UK Department of Environment Food and Agriculture The Isle of Man GovernmentSt Johns IM4 3AS Isle of Man

Freshwater biodiversity and ecosystem integrity are under threat from biological invasions. The ＂killer shrimp＂ Dikerogammarus villosus is a highly predatory amphipod that has spread readily across Central Europe and recently the UK and its arrival has been associated with the significant loss of resident species. Despite this, studies of its behavioral ecology are sparse, even though its be- havior may contribute to its invasion success. For the first time, we investigated antipredator ＂fleeing＂ behavior in D. villosus and how this changed with water temperature. Three key patterns emerged from our analysis. First, within a particular temperature condition there are moderate but consistent among-individual differences in behavior. These are driven by a combination of mean level among-individual differences and within-individual relative consistency in behavior, and pro- vide the key marker for animal personalities. Second, the fleeing responses were not influenced by temperature and third, regardless of temperature, all individuals appeared to habituate to a repeated nondangerous stimulus, indicating a capacity for individual learning. We suggest that the antipreda- tor behavior of D. villosus contributes to its rapid spread and that consistent among-individual differ- ences in behavior may promote biological invasions across heterogeneous conditions. Robustness to changing water temperatures may also be potentially advantageous, particularly in an era of glo- bal climate change, where average temperatures could be elevated and less predictable.

关键词： invasions Dikerogammarus villosus animal personalities habituation temperature.

Acacia mangium Willd: benefits and threats associated with its increasing use around the world

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Forest Ecosystems 2019年第1期6卷 13-25页

作者： Lydie-Stella Koutika David M.Richardson CRDPI Centre de Recherche sur la Durabilité et la Productivité des Plantations Industrielles Centre for Invasion Biology Department of Botany & Zoology Stellenbosch University

Background: Acacia mangium, a fast-growing tree native to parts of Indonesia, Papua New Guinea and Australia,has been cultivated outside its native environment and introduced into humid tropical lowland regions of Asia,South America and Africa over the last few decades. It is a multipurpose tree used in agroforestry, forestry and for restoration of degraded lands. It is also highly invasive in many regions where it has been introduced outside its native range. This paper reviews evidence of its obvious benefits and its negative impacts on ***: A literature review on Australian acacias and especially on A. mangium was undertaken to highlight both benefits and threats associated with their increasing worldwide use outside their native ***: Through N_2 fixed from the atmosphere, A. mangium improves soil fertility, especially by increasing N status and soil C accretion when introduced to N-limited areas; it thus has the potential to restore nutrient cycling in degraded systems. No studies have, however, been done to assess the effectiveness of A. mangium in restoring biodiversity of degraded lands. Most Australian acacias have traits that facilitate invasiveness, and 23 species have been recorded as invasive to date. A. mangium has been reported as invasive in Asia, Indonesia, Pacific Islands,Indian Ocean Islands, southern Africa and Brazil. Research on other invasive Australian acacias in several parts of the world has elucidated the types of impacts that are likely in different types of ecosystems and key options for mitigating ***: A. mangium has the potential to restore nutrient cycling in degraded systems, but is highly invasive wherever it is planted. Many parts of the world have a large invasion debt for this species. Experience with other invasive acacias around the world suggests a suite of interventions that could be used to reduce invasions and mitigate impacts. Careful risk assessments should be undertaken prior to

关键词： Biodiversity Biological invasions C sequestration Soil N status Tree invasions

Alien species of mammals and their impact on natural ecosystems in the biosphere reserves of Russia

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Integrative Zoology 2008年第2期3卷 83-94页

作者： Valery M.NERONOV Ludmila A.KHLYAP Vladimir V.BOBROV Andrey A.WARSHAVSKY A.N.Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution Russian Academy of SciencesMoscowRussia

The paper analyses the results of a survey of 37 Russian biosphere reserves using questionnaires concerning thepresence of alien species of mammals, their pathways of penetration, and their impacts on protected *** penetration of alien mammals into terrestrial ecosystems of Russia is extensive, both in places with maximumhuman environmental impact (inhabited areas and agricultural lands) and in biosphere reserves with minimal humanimpact. There are 62 mammal species registered as alien in Russian ecosystems and they account for 22% of theterrestrial mammal fauna of Russia. The percentage of alien species in biosphere reserves is 32.6% at most. In mostregions, Castor fiber, Ondatra zibethicus, Nyctereutes procyonoides, Canis familiaris, Neovison vison and Susscrofa are very dangerous, and both Castor fiber and Sus scrofa can have environment-forming impacts.

关键词： alien species biosphere reserves invasions mammals(Mammalia) Russia.

The effects of elevated ozone and CO_(2) on growth and defense of native,exotic and invader trees

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2018年第2期11卷 266-272页

作者： Hong Wang Ling Zhang Xiaochi Ma Jianwen Zou Evan Siemann College of Resource and Environment Anhui Science and Technology University168 Shungeng RoadChuzhou 233100China College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNo.1 WeigangNanjing 210095China College of Forestry Jiangxi Agricultural University1225 Zhimin AvenueNanchang 330045China Department of Biosciences Rice University6100 Main StreetHoustonTX 77005USA

Aims Elevated ozone and CO_(2) can differentially affect the performance of plant *** among native,exotic and invader spe-cies in their growth and defense responses to CO_(2) and ozone may shape CO_(2) and ozone effects on invasions,perhaps in part also due to variation between native and invasive populations of *** We manipulated ozone(control or 100 ppb)and CO_(2)(ambient or 800 ppm)in a factorial greenhouse experiment in replicated *** investigated growth and defense(tannins)of seedlings of Triadica sebifera from invasive(USA)and native(China)populations and pairs of US and China tree species within three genera(Celtis,Liquidambar and Platanus).Important Findings Overall,ozone reduced growth in ambient CO_(2) but elevated CO_(2) limited this *** plants from invasive populations had higher growth than those from native populations in control con-ditions or the combination of elevated CO_(2) and ozone in which invasive populations had greater increases in *** perfor-mances were similar in elevated CO_(2) because native populations were more responsive and their performances were similar with elevated ozone because invasive populations were more *** to other species,*** had high growth rates but low levels of tannin production that were insensitive to vari-ation in CO_(2) or *** China and US Platanus plants reduced tannins with increased CO_(2) and/or ozone and US Liquidambar plants increased tannins with the combination of elevated CO_(2) and *** growth results suggest that intraspecific variation in *** will reduce the effects of CO_(2) or ozone alone on inva-sions but increase their combined *** tannin results suggest that defense responses to CO_(2) and ozone will be variable across native and exotic *** effects of CO_(2) and ozone on growth and defense of native and exotic species indicate that the benefit or harm to species from these global

关键词： global change intraspecific variation invasions tannins Triadica sebifera

Threat and management strategies of potentially invasive insects in China

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2009年第10期52卷 903-910页

作者： ZHANG RunZhi1, ZHANG YaPing2 & JIANG YouXu3 1 State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents in Agriculture, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China 2 Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yunnan, 650223, China 3 The Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, The Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents in Agriculture Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Kunming Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Yunnan China The Research Institute of Forest Ecology Environment and Protection The Chinese Academy of Forestry Beijing China

The Global Invasive Species Database, GISD, comprises 27 species of the most significant invasive alien insects in the world (through November, 2005), 6 of which are originally native to China, 11 are established in China, and 10 have a potential invasion threat to China. This paper discusses these species in terms of distribution, harmfulness and dispersal ways, and finds that: (i) Information re-garding invasive insects in the GISD remains inadequate. Such harmful invasive species as Opogona sacchari (Bojer), Oracella acuta (Lobdell), and Dendroctonus valens LeConte are not included. (ii) Ten species of invasive insects, particularly Lasius neglectus Van Loon and Linepithema humile (Mayr) which become established in areas near China, have the potential to become established in China. (iii) Special attention should be paid to species from Asia and the Americas because of their greater likeli-hood of becoming established in China. Finally, some management strategies including legislation, quarantine, early warning, prevention and control are suggested.

关键词： biological invasions invasive species insect China

Potential Range Expansion of the Invasive Red Shiner, <i>Cyprinella lutrensis</i>(Teleostei: Cyprinidae), under Future Climatic Change

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Open Journal of Ecology 2014年第9期4卷 554-564页

作者： Helen M. Poulos Barry Chernoff College of the Environment Wesleyan University Middletown USA Departments of Biology and Earth and Environmental Studies Wesleyan University Middletown USA

We built climate envelope models under contemporary and future climates to explore potential range shifts of the invasive Red Shiner-Cyprinella lutrensis. Our objective was to estimate aquatic habitat vulnerability to Red Shiner invasion in North America under future climatic change. We used presence records from within the species’ native and invaded distributions, a suite of bioclimatic predictor variables from three climate models (CCCma, CSIRO, and HadCM3), and maximum entropy modeling to generate potential distribution maps for the year 2080. Our model predicted major range expansion by Red Shiner under both low and high carbon emissions scenarios. The models exceeded average area under the receiver operator characteristic curve values of 0.92, indicating good overall model performance. The model predictions fell largely outside of areas of climatic extrapolation (i.e. regions predicted into environments different from training the region) indicating good model performance. The results from this study highlight the large potential range expansion across North America of Red Shiner under future warmer climates.

关键词： Invasive Fishes Maxent Climate Envelope Model Climate Change Biological invasions Cyprinella Lutrensis