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Effects of intracerebroventricular injection of Recombinant Leptin on Food Intake,Body Weight and Blood Lipids in Diet-induced Obese Rats

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中国当代儿科杂志 2001年第4期 464-468页

作者： LIU Qian-Qi, CHEN Rong-Hua, GUO Xi-Rong, FEI Li, GONG Hai-XiaDepartment of Pediatrics, Second Clinical College, Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing 210029, China

Objective To investigate the effects of intracerebroventricular injection of recombinant murine leptin on the food intake, body weight and blood lipids in diet-induced obese rats and normal rats. Methods Male SD rats were put on a standard diet (n=15) and high-nutrition diet (n=20) for 7 weeks. After 7 weeks, the rats received cannulas implanted into the right lateral ventricles. Allowed 7 days to recover, the rats received an intracerebroventricular injection of recombinant murine leptin (5 μg/rat) for 5 days. On each test day, the body weight and food intake were measured before the injection. Blood lipids were measured after the experiment. Results ① The body weight of the rats on the high-nutrition diet was more significantly increased than that in the normal rats. At the end of the 7 th week, the body weight of each group was ( 342.05± 39.27) g and ( 302.87± 31.93) g (Pintracerebroventricular leptin injection on the 1st day, more significant on the 5 th day [body weight from ( 336.3± 52.1) g to ( 287.9± 53.4) g (P< 0.01), and a decrease of ( 48.4± 17.9) g; food intake from ( 35.6± 13.7) g to ( 21.1± 11.8) g (P< 0.01), a decrease of ( 14.6± 4.8) g]. But in the normal group, the effects were observed on the 3rd day [body weight from ( 294.5± 29.9) g to ( 269.5± 30.9) g (P< 0.05), a decrease of ( 25.0± 17.8) g; food intake from ( 31.0± 3.5) g to ( 25.6± 3.6) g (P< 0.05), a decrease of ( 5.3± 3.3) g]. ② In the obesity group with leptin administration, the levels of TC, TG and LDL-C decreased more significantly than those in the normal control group [TC ( 1.51± 0.27) mmol/L vs. ( 2.22± 0.36) mmol/L, P< 0.01; TG ( 0.43± 0.06) mmol/L vs. ( 0.76± 0.17) mmol/L; LDL ( 0.47± 0.12)mmol/L vs. ( 0.86± 0.20) mmol/L, P< 0.01]. But there was no obvious change of HDL-C in any of the gr

关键词： Leptin intracerebroventricular injection Obesity Rat

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Mitochondrial protective and anti-apoptotic effects of Rhodiola crenulata extract on hippocampal neurons in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第12期12卷 2025-2034页

作者： Jun-mei Wang Ze-qiang Qu Jin-lang Wu Peter Chung Yuan-shan Zeng Department of Histology and Embryology Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou Guangdong Province China Department of Electron Microscope Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou Guangdong Province China Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai liao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China Institute of Spinal Cord In)ury Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou Guangdong Province China Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration Nantong University Nantong Jiangsu Province China Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou Guangdong Province China

In our previous study, we found that the edible alcohol extract of the root of the medicinal plant Rhodiola crenulata（RCE） improved spatial cognition in a rat model of Alzheimer＇s disease. Another study from our laboratory showed that RCE enhanced neural cell proliferation in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus and prevented damage to hippocampal neurons in a rat model of chronic stress-induced depression. However, the mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective effects of RCE are unclear. In the present study, we investigated the anti-apoptotic effect of RCE and its neuroprotective mechanism of action in a rat model of Alzheimer＇s disease established by intracerebroventricular injection of streptozotocin. The rats were pre-administered RCE at doses of 1.5, 3.0 or 6.0 g/kg for 21 days before model establishment. ATP and cytochrome c oxidase levels were significantly decreased in rats with Alzheimer＇s disease. Furthermore, neuronal injury was obvious in the hippocampus, with the presence of a large number of apoptotic neurons. In comparison, in rats given RCE pretreatment, ATP and cytochrome c oxidase levels were markedly increased, the number of apoptotic neurons was reduced, and mitochondrial injury was mitigated. The 3.0 g/kg dose of RCE had the optimal effect. These findings suggest that pretreatment with RCE prevents mitochondrial dysfunction and protects hippocampal neurons from apoptosis in rats with Alzheimer＇s disease.

关键词： nerve regeneration Alzheimer's disease intracerebroventricular injection streptozotocin neuronal apoptosis neuroprotection cytochrome c oxidase adenosine triphosphate caspase-3 NeuN neural regeneration

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Correlation between colonic secretion and colonic motility in rats: Role of ghrelin

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第46期22卷 10140-10147页

作者： Hsien-Hao Huang Ching-Heng Ting Yu-Fong Syu Shi-Chuan Chang Chih-Yen Chen Institute of Clinical Medicine National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine Taipei 112 Taiwan Department of Emergency Medicine Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei 112 Taiwan Department of Pathology Mackay Memorial Hospital Taipei 104 Taiwan Department of Family Medicine Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei 112 Taiwan Institute of Emergency and Critical Medicine National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine Taipei 112 Taiwan Department of Chest Medicine Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei 112 Taiwan Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Medicine Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei 112 Taiwan Faculty of Medicine National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine Taipei 112 Taiwan Taiwan Association for the Study of Small Intestinal Diseases Guishan 333 Taiwan

AIM To explore the relationship between colonic secretory function and colonic *** Using a rat model chronically implanted with intracerebroventricular(ICV) and cecal catheters, we validated the correlation between colonic secretion and colonic motor functions, as well as the role of ICV injection *** Compared to saline controls(5 μL/rat), ICV acyl ghrelin at 1 nmol/5 μL enhanced the total fecal weight, accelerated the colonic transit time, and increased the fecal pellet output during the first hour post-injection, while ICV des-acyl ghrelin at 1 nmol/5 μL only accelerated the colonic transit time. These stimulatory effects on colonic motility and/or secretion from acyl ghrelin and des-acyl ghrelin disappeared when the ICV injection volume increased to 10 μL compared with saline controls(10 μL/rat). Additionally, the ICV injection of 10 μL of saline significantly shortened the colonic transit time compared with the ICV injection of 5 μL of saline. The total fecal weight during the first hour post-injection correlated with the colonic transit time and fecal pellet output after the ICV injection of acyl ghrelin(1 nmol/5 μL), whereas the total fecal weight during the first hour post-injection correlated with the fecal pellet output but not the colonic transit time after the ICV injection of des-acyl ghrelin(1 nmol/5 μL).CONCLUSION Colonic secretion does not always correlate with colonic motility in response to different colonic stimulations. Acyl ghrelin stimulates colonic secretion.

关键词： Colonic transit time Fecal pellet output Ghrelin intracerebroventricular injection Secretion Transit

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Protective effects of compound FLZ onβ-amyloid peptide-(25-35)-induced mouse hippocampal injury and learning and memory impairment

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2006年第6期27卷 651-658页

作者： Fang FANG Geng-tao LIU~2 Department of Pharmacology,Institute of Materia Medica,Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Beijing 100050.China Department of Pharmacology Institute of Materia Medica Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing 100050 China

Aim:To study the protective effects of compound FLZ,a novel synthetic ana-logue of natural squamosamide,on learning and memory impairment and lesionsof the hippocampus caused by icv injection of β-amyloid25-35(Aβ25-35)in ***:Mice were icv injected with the Aβ25-35(15 nmol/mouse),and thentreated with oral administration of 75 mg/kg or 150 mg/kg of FLZ once daily for 16consecutive *** impairment of learning and memory in mice were testedusing step-down test and Morris water maze *** content of malondialdehyde(MDA)and the expressions of acetylcholinesterase(ACHE),Bax,and Bcl-2 in theCA1 region of the mouse hippocampus were measured by biochemical and immu-nohistochemical analysis,*** pathological damages of hippocam-pus were observed using a ***:FLZ(75 mg/kg,150 mg/kg)significantly attenuated Aβ25-35-induced impairment of learning and memory in thestep-down test and Morris water maze *** also reduced pathological dam-ages to the hippocampus induced by Aβ25-35Furthermore,FLZ prevented theincrease of AChE and Bax,and the decrease of Bcl-2 immunoreactive cells in theCA1 region of the hippocampus,and reduced the increase of MDA content in thehippocampus in mice injected with Aβ***:FLZ has protective ac-tion against the impairment of learning and memory and pathological damage tothe hippocampus induced by icv injection of Aβ25-35in mice.

关键词： FLZ Aβ25-35 intracerebroventricular injection hippocampus acetylcholinesterase Bax Bcl-2 malondialdehyde

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CD93 and GIPC expression and localization during central nervous system inflammation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2014年第22期9卷 1995-2001页

作者： Chun Liu Zhichao Cui Shengjie Wang Dongmei Zhang Experimental Animal Center Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Molecular Drug Targets of Jiangsu ProvinceNantong University Department of Pathogen Biology Medical School of Nantong University

CD93 and GAIP-interacting protein, C termius （GIPC） have been shown to interactively alter phagocytic processes of immune cells. CD93 and GIPC expression and localization during cen-tral nervous system inflammation have not yet been reported. In this study, we established a rat model of brain inlfammation by lipopolysaccharide injection to the lateral ventricle. In the brain of rats with inlfammation, western blots showed increased CD93 expression that decreased over time. GIPC expression was unaltered. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated extensive distribution of CD93 expression mainly in cell membranes in the cerebral cortex. After lipopoly-saccharide stimulation, CD93 expression increased and then reduced, with distinct staining in the cytoplasm and nucleus. Double immunolfuorescence staining in cerebral cortex of normal rats showed that CD93 and GIPC widely expressed in resting microglia and neurons. CD93 was mainly expressed in microglial and neuronal cell membranes, while GIPC was expressed in both cell membrane and cytoplasm. In the cerebral cortex at 9 hours after model establishment, CD93-immunoreactive signal diminished in microglial membrane, with cytoplasmic transloca-tion and aggregation detected. GIPC localization was unaltered in neurons and microglia. These results are the ifrst to demonstrate CD93 participation in pathophysiological processes of central nervous system inlfammation.

关键词： nerve regeneration central nervous system brain inflammation model CD93 GIPC neurons microglia expression and localization lipopolysaccharide intracerebroventricular injection rats inducible nitric oxide synthase NSFC grants neural regeneration

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H_1 and H_2 receptors in the locus ceruleus are involved in the intracere-broventricular histamine-induced carotid sinus baroreceptor reflex reset-ting in rats

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2006年第4期22卷 209-215页

作者： Guo-Qing WANG Wan-Ping SUN Yong-Jin ZHU Rong ZOU Xi-Ping ZHOU Department of Physiology Medical School Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China

Objective To investigate the role of H1 and H2 receptors in the locus ceruleus （LC） in carotid sinus baroreceptor reflex （CSR） resetting induced by intracerebroventricular （i.c.v.） injection of histamine （HA）. Methods The left and right carotid sinus regions were isolated from the systemic circulation in 18 male Sprague-Dawley rats anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium. The intracarotid sinus pressure （ISP） was altered in a stepwise manner in vivo. ISP-mean arterial pressure （MAP） relationship curve and its characteristic parameters were constructed by fitting to the logistic function with five parameters. The changes in CSR performance induced by i.c.v. HA and the effects of pretreatment with H1 or H2 receptors selective antagonist, chlorpheniramine （CHL） or cimetidine （CIM） into the LC, on the responses of CSR to HA were examined. Results I.c.v. HA （100 ng in 5 μl） significantly shifted the ISP-MAP relationship curve upwards （P 〈 0.05） and obviously decreased the value of the reflex parameters such as MAP range and maximum gain （P 〈 0.05）, but increased the threshold pressure, saturation pressure and ISP at maximum gain （P 〈 0.05）. The pretreatment with CHL （0.5 μg in 1 μl） or CIM （1.5 μg in 1 μl） into the LC could obviously attenuate the changes mentioned above in CSR performance induced by HA, but the alleviative effect of CIM was less remarkable than that of CHL （P 〈 0.05）. Respective microinjection of CHL or CIM alone into the LC with the corresponding dose and volume did not change CSR performance significantly （P 〉 0.05）. Conclusion intracerebroventricular administration of HA results in a rapid resetting of CSR and a decrease in reflex sensitivity, and the responses of CSR to HA may be mediated, at least in part, by H1 and H2 receptors activities in the LC, especially by H1 receptors. Moreover, the effects of the central HA on CSR might be related to a histaminergic descending pathway from the hypothalamus to LC.

关键词： carotid sinus baroreceptor reflex histamine intracerebroventricular injection H1 receptor H2 receptor locus ceruleus mean arterial pressure

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Naloxone or Vagotomy Does Not Influence Centrally Octreotide-induced Inhibition of Gastric Acid Secretion in Rats

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Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Medical Sciences) 2006年第4期26卷 432-435页

作者：高峰胡秀芬陈东生 Department of Endocrinology Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430022China Department of Pediatrics Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China Department of Pharmacology Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430022China

Summary： To investigate the effect of preceding naloxone injection into the third cerebroventricle or acute subdiaphragmatic vagotomy on the gastric acid secretion inhibited by the somatostatin analogue octreotide given by intracerebroventricular （icv） injection. The third ventricles were cannulated in male Wistar rats anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital. One week later, acute gastric lumen perfusion was carried out. The gastric perfusion samples were collected every 10 min and were titrated by 0.01 mol/L NaOH to neuter. On the basis of subcutaneous injection of pentagastrin （G-5, 160 g/kg）, icv injection of physiological saline （group A, n=20）, icv injection of octreotide （0.05 μ g）（group B, n=20）, icv injection of naloxone （2.5 μ g）＋octreotide （0.05 μg）（group C, n=20）, acute subdiaphragmatic vagotomy＋ icv injection of physiological saline （group D, n=20）, or acute subdia- phragrnatic vagotomy＋icv injection of octreotide （0.05 μg）（group E, n=20） were conducted. Before and after icv injection, 1-h total acid output （TAO） was determined and compared. The experimental data were expressed in change rate （%） of TAO. The change rates （%） of TAO were 4.60 % in group A, -20.35 % in group B, - 18.06 % in group C, 5.01% in group D and -21.59 % in group E, respectively. Comparison of group B or C versus group A showed that P〈0.01 and comparison between the group E versus group D showed that P〈0.01. Whereas the differences between group C and group B, group E and group B were not statistically significant （P〉0.05 for all）. The results indicate that the central inhibition of gastric acid secretion by octreotide may not be mediated by the endogenous opi- ate substance or its receptor and the peripheral pathway for icv injection of octreotide to suppress gastric acid secretion is via extra-vagus route.

关键词： octreotide somatostatin analogue intracerebroventricular injection gastric acid naloxone

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A Simple Method to Prove that the Spinal Cord,Not the Brain,Mediates the Analgesia effects Produced by Isoflurane

A Simple Method to Prove that the Spinal Cord,Not the Brain,...

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全国第一次麻醉药理学术会议暨中国药理学会麻醉药理专业委员会筹备会

作者： Ming-Yang Zhang,Ya-Jun Liu,Mei-Yan Zhou,Dong-Hua Shao,Li-Hua Hang,Ti-Jun Dai (Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology,Xuzhou Medical College,Xuzhou,Jiangsu,China)

Background:Previous investigations indicate that the spinal cord mediates the capacity of inhaled anesthetics to produce the analgesia *** implications of these investigations may be limited by the trauma associated w... 详细信息

关键词： Isoflurane Analgesia Anesthetic mechanisms intracerebroventricular injection Intrathecal injection

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