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Evaluation of the Mechanisms Underlying Amino Acid and Microbiota Interactions in intestinal infections Using Germ-Free Animals

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Infectious Microbes & Diseases 2021年第2期3卷 79-86页

作者： Yapeng Yang Peng Bin Shiyu Tao Guoqiang Zhu Zhifeng Wu Wei Cheng Wenkai Ren Hong Wei State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology College of Animal Sciences and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and AgriProduct Safety of Ministry of Education of ChinaCollege of Veterinary MedicineYangzhou UniversityYangzhouJiangsuChina State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern AgricultureNational Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine IndustryGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition ControlCollege of Animal ScienceSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina

intestinal infectious diseases refer to the inflammatory changes in the intestinal tract caused by pathogens(including bacteria,viruses,fungi,protozoa,or parasites)or their toxic products.A large number of microorganisms colonize the intestinal tract of healthy people,which together with the intestinal epithelium constitute the biological barrier of the intestinal tract to resist infectious *** an“invisible organ,”the intestinal flora is closely related to human nutrition metabolism and intestinal infections.A variety of intestinal flora participates in the nutritional metabolism of amino acids,and the small molecular substances produced by the amino acid metabolism through the intestinal flora can enhance intestinal immunity and resist bacterial *** turn,amino acids can also regulate the composition of the intestinal flora,maintain the steady-state of the intestinal flora,protect the intestinal barrier,and inhibit colonization by pathogenic *** a model animal with a clear microbial background,germ-free(GF)animals can clarify the mechanisms of interactions between intestinal microbes and amino acid metabolism in intestinal infections by combining genetic engineering technology and multi-omics *** article reviews related researches on the involvement of intestinal microbes in host amino acid metabolism and resistance to intestinal infections and discusses the advantages of GF animal models for studying the underlying *** GF animal model is helpful to further study the intervention effects of amino acid metabolism of targeted intestinal flora on intestinal infections.

关键词： germ-free animal intestinal barrier intestinal flora intestinal immunity intestinal infection metabolism of amino acids

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Virological and histological evaluation of intestinal samples in COVID-19 patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第44期28卷 6282-6293页

作者： Dajana Cuicchi Liliana Gabrielli Maria Lucia Tardio Giada Rossini Antonietta D’Errico Pierluigi Viale Tiziana Lazzarotto Gilberto Poggioli Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences Surgery of the Alimentary TractIRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di BolognaBologna 40138Italy Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty MedicineMicrobiology UnitIRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di BolognaBologna 40138Italy Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty MedicinePathology UnitIRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di BolognaBologna 40138Italy Department for Integrated Infectious Risk Management Infectious Diseases UnitIRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di BolognaBologna 40138Italy Infectious Diseases Unit Department for Integrated Infectious Risk ManagementUniversity of BolognaBologna 40138Italy Section of Microbiology Department of ExperimentalDiagnostic and Specialty MedicineUniversity of BolognaBologna 40138Italy Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences University of BolognaBologna 40138Italy

BACKGROUND Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)is the pathogen responsible for pandemic coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).It is a highly contagious virus which primarily affects the respiratory tract,nevertheless,the lungs are not the only target organs of the *** intestinal tract could represent an additional tropism site for *** observations have collectively suggested that enteric infections can occur in COVID-19 ***,the detection of viral RNA in gastrointestinal(GI)tissue samples has not been adequately investigated and results are *** To detect the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in intestinal mucosa samples and to evaluate histological *** The COVID-19 patients hospitalized at an Italian tertiary hospital from April 2020 to March 2021 were evaluated for enrollment in an observational,monocentric *** study population was composed of two groups of adult *** the first group(biopsy group,30 patients),patients were eligible for inclusion if they had mild to moderate disease and if they agreed to have a rectal biopsy;in the second group(surgical specimen group,6 patients),patients were eligible for inclusion if they underwent intestinal resection during index ***-nine intestinal mucosal samples were *** Viral RNA was not detectable in any of the rectal biopsies performed(0/53).Histological examination showed no enterocyte damage,but slight edema of the lamina propria with mild inflammatory lymphoplasmacytic *** was no difference in inflammatory infiltrates in patients with and without GI ***-CoV-2 RNA was detected in fecal samples in 6 cases out of 14 cases examined(42.9%).In the surgical specimen group,all patients underwent emergency intestinal *** RNA was detected in 2 surgical specimens of the 6 examined,both of which were from patients with active neoplastic *** examination also pointed

关键词： COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 intestinal infection intestinal samples intestinal tropism Rectal samples

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